deps: bumps dvc-azure>=2.21.2

Closes #9506 via https://github.com/iterative/dvc-azure/pull/48

(cherry picked from commit a1b891ce01)

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/epic_story.md

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+---
+name: Epic/Story Issue Template
+about: Template for "top" level issues - Epics (>2 weeks) / Stories (<2 weeks)
+title: 'Epic: New Feature'
+labels: epic
+assignees:
+
+---
+
+## Summary / Background
+What do you want to achieve, why? business context
+...
+
+## Scope
+
+What will be impacted and what won't be?
+What needs implementation and what is invariant?
+e.g.
+- user should be able to run workflow X from UI
+- enable workflow Y, Z from CLI
+
+## Assumptions
+Product / UX assumptions as well as technical assumptions / limitations
+e.g.
+* Support only Python Runtime
+* Focus on DVC experiments only
+* Deployment environments don't change often and can be picked up from shared configuration
+
+## Open Questions
+e.g.
+- How should access control work for shared artifacts (workflow X)
+- Python runtime assumption - is it really valid? in light of <...>
+
+## Blockers / Dependencies
+List issues or other conditions / blockers
+
+## General Approach
+Invocation example:
+```shell
+$ mapper-run task.tar.gz --ray-cluster <ip>:<port>
+```
+
+## Steps
+
+### Must have (p1)
+- [ ] subissue2
+- [ ] step 2
+ - info
+ - info
+
+### Optional / followup (p2)
+- [ ] ⌛ step 3 wip
+- [ ] step 4
+
+## Timelines
+
+Put your estimations here. Update once certainty changes
+- end of week (Feb 3) for prototype with workflows X, Y
+- Feb 15 - MVP in production
+- Low priority followups can be done later

.github/mergify.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+pull_request_rules:
+  - name: backport patches to 2.x
+    conditions:
+      - base=main
+      - label=backport
+    actions:
+      backport:
+        branches:
+          - "2.x"

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ name: "CodeQL"
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: ["main"]
+    branches: ["main", "2.x"]
   pull_request:
     branches: ["main"]
   schedule:

.github/workflows/packages.yaml

@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         include:
-         - {pkg: "deb",  os: "ubuntu-18.04", asset: "dvc_${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}_amd64.deb"}
-         - {pkg: "rpm", os: "ubuntu-18.04", asset: "dvc-${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}-1.x86_64.rpm"}
-         - {pkg: "osxpkg", os: "macos-10.15", asset: "dvc-${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}.pkg"}
+         - {pkg: "deb",  os: "ubuntu-20.04", asset: "dvc_${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}_amd64.deb"}
+         - {pkg: "rpm", os: "ubuntu-20.04", asset: "dvc-${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}-1.x86_64.rpm"}
+         - {pkg: "osxpkg", os: "macos-11", asset: "dvc-${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}.pkg"}
          - {pkg: "exe",  os: "windows-2019", asset: "dvc-${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}.exe"}
 
     name: ${{ matrix.pkg }}
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ jobs:
 
   pip:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    permissions:
+      id-token: write
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       with:
@@ -100,13 +102,10 @@ jobs:
     - name: Publish packages to PyPI
       if: github.event_name == 'release'
       uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
-      with:
-        password: ${{ secrets.PYPI_TOKEN }}
 
     - name: Publish to Test PyPI
       if: ${{ github.event_name == 'release' || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main') }}
       uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
       with:
-        password: ${{ secrets.TEST_PYPI_TOKEN }}
         repository_url: https://test.pypi.org/legacy/
         skip_existing: true

.github/workflows/tests.yaml

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ name: Tests
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: [main]
+    branches: [main, 2.x]
   pull_request:
   schedule:
     - cron: '5 1 * * *'  # every day at 01:05
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ permissions:
 
 jobs:
   tests:
-    timeout-minutes: 45
+    timeout-minutes: 50
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -41,9 +41,11 @@ jobs:
         pip install -e ".[dev]"
     - uses: pre-commit/[email protected]
     - name: run tests
-      timeout-minutes: 30
+      timeout-minutes: 40
+      env:
+        PYTHONUTF8: 1
       run: >
-        pytest -nauto --timeout=300 --durations=100
+        pytest -n=logical --timeout=300 --durations=100
         --cov --cov-report=xml --cov-report=term
     - name: upload coverage report
       uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ repos:
         args:
           - --py38-plus
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 23.1.0
+    rev: 23.3.0
     hooks:
       - id: black
   - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/isort
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: isort
   - repo: https://github.com/charliermarsh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: 'v0.0.238'
+    rev: 'v0.0.261'
     hooks:
       - id: ruff
   - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-    rev: v2.2.2
+    rev: v2.2.4
     hooks:
       - id: codespell
         additional_dependencies: ["tomli"]
@@ -61,6 +61,13 @@ repos:
           - flake8-debugger
           - flake8-string-format
           - flake8-typing-imports
+  - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/bandit
+    rev: '1.7.5'
+    hooks:
+    - id: bandit
+      args: ["-c", "pyproject.toml", "--quiet", "--format=custom"]
+      files: ^dvc/
+      additional_dependencies: [".[toml]"]
   - repo: local
     hooks:
     - id: mypy

dvc/analytics.py

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def is_enabled():
     enabled = not os.getenv(DVC_NO_ANALYTICS)
     if enabled:
         enabled = to_bool(
-            Config(validate=False).get("core", {}).get("analytics", "true")
+            Config.from_cwd(validate=False).get("core", {}).get("analytics", "true")
         )
 
     logger.debug("Analytics is %sabled.", "en" if enabled else "dis")

dvc/annotations.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ from dataclasses import asdict, dataclass, field, fields
 from typing import Any, ClassVar, Dict, List, Optional
 
 from funcy import compact
+from voluptuous import Required
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -26,6 +27,24 @@ class Annotation:
         return compact(asdict(self))
 
 
+@dataclass
+class Artifact:
+    PARAM_PATH: ClassVar[str] = "path"
+    PARAM_DESC: ClassVar[str] = "desc"
+    PARAM_TYPE: ClassVar[str] = "type"
+    PARAM_LABELS: ClassVar[str] = "labels"
+    PARAM_META: ClassVar[str] = "meta"
+
+    path: str
+    desc: Optional[str] = None
+    type: Optional[str] = None  # noqa: A003
+    labels: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    meta: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        return compact(asdict(self))
+
+
 ANNOTATION_FIELDS = [field.name for field in fields(Annotation)]
 ANNOTATION_SCHEMA = {
     Annotation.PARAM_DESC: str,
@@ -33,3 +52,7 @@ ANNOTATION_SCHEMA = {
     Annotation.PARAM_LABELS: [str],
     Annotation.PARAM_META: object,
 }
+ARTIFACT_SCHEMA = {
+    Required(Artifact.PARAM_PATH): str,
+    **ANNOTATION_SCHEMA,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+}

dvc/api/__init__.py

@@ -2,14 +2,21 @@ from dvc.fs.dvc import _DVCFileSystem as DVCFileSystem
 
 from .data import open  # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
 from .data import get_url, read
-from .experiments import make_checkpoint
-from .params import params_show
+from .experiments import exp_save, exp_show, make_checkpoint
+from .scm import all_branches, all_commits, all_tags
+from .show import metrics_show, params_show
 
 __all__ = [
+    "all_branches",
+    "all_commits",
+    "all_tags",
+    "exp_save",
+    "exp_show",
     "get_url",
     "make_checkpoint",
     "open",
     "params_show",
+    "metrics_show",
     "read",
     "DVCFileSystem",
 ]

dvc/api/data.py

@@ -1,12 +1,30 @@
 from contextlib import _GeneratorContextManager as GCM
-from typing import Optional
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
 
 from funcy import reraise
 
-from dvc.exceptions import OutputNotFoundError, PathMissingError
+from dvc.exceptions import FileMissingError, OutputNotFoundError, PathMissingError
 from dvc.repo import Repo
 
 
+@contextmanager
+def _wrap_exceptions(repo, url):
+    from dvc.config import NoRemoteError
+    from dvc.exceptions import NoOutputInExternalRepoError, NoRemoteInExternalRepoError
+
+    try:
+        yield
+    except NoRemoteError as exc:
+        raise NoRemoteInExternalRepoError(url) from exc
+    except OutputNotFoundError as exc:
+        if exc.repo is repo:
+            raise NoOutputInExternalRepoError(exc.output, repo.root_dir, url) from exc
+        raise
+    except FileMissingError as exc:
+        raise PathMissingError(exc.path, url) from exc
+
+
 def get_url(path, repo=None, rev=None, remote=None):
     """
     Returns the URL to the storage location of a data file or directory tracked
@@ -19,18 +37,20 @@ def get_url(path, repo=None, rev=None, remote=None):
     directory in the remote storage.
     """
     with Repo.open(repo, rev=rev, subrepos=True, uninitialized=True) as _repo:
-        fs_path = _repo.dvcfs.from_os_path(path)
-        with reraise(FileNotFoundError, PathMissingError(path, repo)):
-            info = _repo.dvcfs.info(fs_path)
+        with _wrap_exceptions(_repo, path):
+            fs_path = _repo.dvcfs.from_os_path(path)
 
-        dvc_info = info.get("dvc_info")
-        if not dvc_info:
-            raise OutputNotFoundError(path, repo)
+            with reraise(FileNotFoundError, PathMissingError(path, repo)):
+                info = _repo.dvcfs.info(fs_path)
 
-        dvc_repo = info["repo"]  # pylint: disable=unsubscriptable-object
-        md5 = dvc_info["md5"]
+            dvc_info = info.get("dvc_info")
+            if not dvc_info:
+                raise OutputNotFoundError(path, repo)
 
-        return dvc_repo.cloud.get_url_for(remote, checksum=md5)
+            dvc_repo = info["repo"]  # pylint: disable=unsubscriptable-object
+            md5 = dvc_info["md5"]
+
+            return dvc_repo.cloud.get_url_for(remote, checksum=md5)
 
 
 class _OpenContextManager(GCM):
@@ -194,11 +214,41 @@ def open(  # noqa, pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
 
 
 def _open(path, repo=None, rev=None, remote=None, mode="r", encoding=None):
-    with Repo.open(repo, rev=rev, subrepos=True, uninitialized=True) as _repo:
-        with _repo.open_by_relpath(
-            path, remote=remote, mode=mode, encoding=encoding
-        ) as fd:
-            yield fd
+    repo_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {"subrepos": True, "uninitialized": True}
+    if remote:
+        repo_kwargs["config"] = {"core": {"remote": remote}}
+
+    with Repo.open(repo, rev=rev, **repo_kwargs) as _repo:
+        with _wrap_exceptions(_repo, path):
+            import os
+            from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Union
+
+            from dvc.exceptions import IsADirectoryError as DvcIsADirectoryError
+            from dvc.fs.data import DataFileSystem
+            from dvc.fs.dvc import DVCFileSystem
+
+            if TYPE_CHECKING:
+                from dvc.fs import FileSystem
+
+            fs: Union["FileSystem", DataFileSystem, DVCFileSystem]
+            if os.path.isabs(path):
+                fs = DataFileSystem(index=_repo.index.data["local"])
+                fs_path = path
+            else:
+                fs = DVCFileSystem(repo=_repo, subrepos=True)
+                fs_path = fs.from_os_path(path)
+
+            try:
+                with fs.open(
+                    fs_path,
+                    mode=mode,
+                    encoding=encoding,
+                ) as fobj:
+                    yield fobj
+            except FileNotFoundError as exc:
+                raise FileMissingError(path) from exc
+            except IsADirectoryError as exc:
+                raise DvcIsADirectoryError(f"'{path}' is a directory") from exc
 
 
 def read(path, repo=None, rev=None, remote=None, mode="r", encoding=None):

dvc/api/experiments.py

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 import builtins
 import os
 from time import sleep
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
+from rich.text import Text
 
 from dvc.env import DVC_CHECKPOINT, DVC_ROOT
 from dvc.repo import Repo
+from dvc.repo.experiments.show import tabulate
 from dvc.stage.monitor import CheckpointTask
 
 
@@ -31,3 +35,114 @@ def make_checkpoint():
         os.fsync(fobj.fileno())
     while os.path.exists(signal_file):
         sleep(0.1)
+
+
+def exp_save(
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    force: bool = False,
+    include_untracked: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+):
+    """
+    Create a new DVC experiment using `exp save`.
+
+    See https://dvc.org/doc/command-reference/exp/save.
+
+    Args:
+        name (str, optional): specify a name for this experiment.
+            If `None`, a default one will be generated, such as `urban-sign`.
+            Defaults to `None`.
+        force (bool):  overwrite the experiment if an experiment with the same
+            name already exists.
+            Defaults to `False`.
+        include_untracked (List[str], optional): specify untracked file(s) to
+            be included in the saved experiment.
+            Defaults to `None`.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: The `Git revision`_ of the created experiment.
+
+    Raises:
+        ExperimentExistsError: If an experiment with `name` already exists and
+            `force=False`.
+
+    .. _Git revision:
+        https://git-scm.com/docs/revisions
+    """
+    with Repo() as repo:
+        return repo.experiments.save(
+            name=name, force=force, include_untracked=include_untracked
+        )
+
+
+def _postprocess(exp_rows):
+    for exp_row in exp_rows:
+        for k, v in exp_row.items():
+            if isinstance(v, Text):
+                v_str = str(v)
+                try:
+                    exp_row[k] = float(v_str)
+                except ValueError:
+                    exp_row[k] = v_str
+
+            if not exp_row[k]:
+                exp_row[k] = None
+
+    return exp_rows
+
+
+def exp_show(
+    repo: Optional[str] = None,
+    revs: Optional[Union[str, List[str]]] = None,
+    num: int = 1,
+    param_deps: bool = False,
+    force: bool = False,
+) -> List[Dict]:
+    """Get DVC experiments tracked in `repo`.
+
+    Without arguments, this function will retrieve all experiments derived from
+    the Git `HEAD`.
+
+    See the options below to customize the experiments retrieved.
+
+    Args:
+        repo (str, optional): location of the DVC repository.
+            Defaults to the current project (found by walking up from the
+            current working directory tree).
+            It can be a URL or a file system path.
+            Both HTTP and SSH protocols are supported for online Git repos
+            (e.g. [user@]server:project.git).
+        revs (Union[str, List[str]], optional): Git revision(s) (e.g. branch,
+            tag, SHA commit) to use as a reference point to start listing
+            experiments.
+            Defaults to `None`, which will use `HEAD` as starting point.
+        num (int, optional): show experiments from the last `num` commits
+            (first parents) starting from the `revs` baseline.
+            Give a negative value to include all first-parent commits (similar
+            to `git log -n`).
+            Defaults to 1.
+        param_deps (bool, optional): include only parameters that are stage
+            dependencies.
+            Defaults to `False`.
+        force (bool, optional): force re-collection of experiments instead of
+            loading from internal experiments cache.
+            DVC caches `exp_show` data for completed experiments to improve
+            performance of subsequent calls.
+            When `force` is specified, DVC will reload all experiment data and
+            ignore any previously cached results.
+            Defaults to `False`.
+
+    Returns:
+        List[Dict]: Each item in the list will contain a dictionary with
+            the info for an individual experiment.
+            See Examples below.
+    """
+    with Repo.open(repo) as _repo:
+        experiments = _repo.experiments.show(
+            revs=revs,
+            num=num,
+            param_deps=param_deps,
+            force=force,
+        )
+        td, _ = tabulate(experiments, fill_value=None)
+
+        return _postprocess(td.as_dict())

dvc/api/scm.py

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+from dvc.repo import Repo
+
+
+def all_branches(repo: Optional[str] = None) -> List[str]:
+    """Get all Git branches in a DVC repository.
+
+    Args:
+        repo (str, optional): location of the DVC repository.
+            Defaults to the current project (found by walking up from the
+            current working directory tree).
+            It can be a URL or a file system path.
+            Both HTTP and SSH protocols are supported for online Git repos
+            (e.g. [user@]server:project.git).
+    Returns:
+        List[str]: Names of the Git branches.
+    """
+    with Repo.open(repo) as _repo:
+        return _repo.scm.list_branches()
+
+
+def all_commits(repo: Optional[str] = None) -> List[str]:
+    """Get all Git commits in a DVC repository.
+
+    Args:
+        repo (str, optional): location of the DVC repository.
+            Defaults to the current project (found by walking up from the
+            current working directory tree).
+            It can be a URL or a file system path.
+            Both HTTP and SSH protocols are supported for online Git repos
+            (e.g. [user@]server:project.git).
+    Returns:
+        List[str]: SHAs of the Git commits.
+    """
+    with Repo.open(repo) as _repo:
+        return _repo.scm.list_all_commits()
+
+
+def all_tags(repo: Optional[str] = None) -> List[str]:
+    """Get all Git tags in a DVC repository.
+
+    Args:
+        repo (str, optional): location of the DVC repository.
+            Defaults to the current project (found by walking up from the
+            current working directory tree).
+            It can be a URL or a file system path.
+            Both HTTP and SSH protocols are supported for online Git repos
+            (e.g. [user@]server:project.git).
+    Returns:
+        List[str]: Names of the Git tags.
+    """
+    with Repo.open(repo) as _repo:
+        return _repo.scm.list_tags()

dvc/api/show.py

@@ -4,10 +4,153 @@ from typing import Dict, Iterable, Optional, Union
 
 from funcy import first
 
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 from dvc.repo import Repo
 
 
+def _onerror_raise(exception: Exception, *args, **kwargs):
+    raise exception
+
+
+def _postprocess(results):
+    processed: Dict[str, Dict] = {}
+    for rev, rev_data in results.items():
+        if not rev_data:
+            continue
+
+        processed[rev] = {}
+
+        counts: typing.Counter[str] = Counter()
+        for file_data in rev_data["data"].values():
+            for k in file_data["data"]:
+                counts[k] += 1
+
+        for file_name, file_data in rev_data["data"].items():
+            to_merge = {
+                (k if counts[k] == 1 else f"{file_name}:{k}"): v
+                for k, v in file_data["data"].items()
+            }
+            processed[rev] = {**processed[rev], **to_merge}
+
+    if "workspace" in processed:
+        del processed["workspace"]
+
+    return processed
+
+
+def metrics_show(
+    *targets: str,
+    repo: Optional[str] = None,
+    rev: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Dict:
+    """Get metrics tracked in `repo`.
+
+    Without arguments, this function will retrieve all metrics from all tracked
+    metric files, for the current working tree.
+
+    See the options below to restrict the metrics retrieved.
+
+    Args:
+        *targets (str, optional): Names of the metric files to retrieve
+        metrics from. For example, "classifier_eval.json,
+        clustering_eval.json".
+        If no `targets` are provided, all metric files tracked in `dvc.yaml`
+        will be used.
+        Note that targets don't necessarily have to be defined in `dvc.yaml`.
+        repo (str, optional): Location of the DVC repository.
+            Defaults to the current project (found by walking up from the
+            current working directory tree).
+            It can be a URL or a file system path.
+            Both HTTP and SSH protocols are supported for online Git repos
+            (e.g. [user@]server:project.git).
+        rev (str, optional): Name of the `Git revision`_ to retrieve metrics
+            from.
+            Defaults to `None`.
+            An example of git revision can be a branch or tag name, a commit
+            hash or a dvc experiment name.
+            If `repo` is not a Git repo, this option is ignored.
+            If `None`, the current working tree will be used.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dict: See Examples below.
+
+    Examples:
+
+        - No arguments.
+
+        Working on https://github.com/iterative/example-get-started
+
+        >>> import dvc.api
+        >>> metrics = dvc.api.metrics_show()
+        >>> print(json.dumps(metrics, indent=4))
+        {
+            "avg_prec": 0.9249974999612706,
+            "roc_auc": 0.9460213440787918
+        }
+
+        ---
+
+        - Using `rev`.
+
+        Working on https://github.com/iterative/example-get-started
+
+        >>> import json
+        >>> import dvc.api
+        >>> metrics = dvc.api.metrics_show(rev="tune-hyperparams")
+        >>> print(json.dumps(metrics, indent=4))
+        {
+            "avg_prec": 0.9268792615819422,
+            "roc_auc": 0.945093365854111
+        }
+
+        ---
+
+        - Using `targets`.
+
+        Working on https://github.com/iterative/example-get-started
+
+        >>> import json
+        >>> import dvc.api
+        >>> metrics = dvc.api.metrics_show("evaluation.json")
+        >>> print(json.dumps(metrics, indent=4))
+        {
+            "avg_prec": 0.9249974999612706,
+            "roc_auc": 0.9460213440787918
+        }
+
+        ---
+
+        - Git URL as `repo`.
+
+        >>> import json
+        >>> import dvc.api
+        >>> metrics = dvc.api.metrics_show(
+        ...     repo="https://github.com/iterative/demo-fashion-mnist")
+        >>> print(json.dumps(metrics, indent=4))
+        {
+            "loss": 0.25284987688064575,
+            "accuracy": 0.9071000218391418
+        }
+
+
+    .. _Git revision:
+        https://git-scm.com/docs/revisions
+    """
+
+    with Repo.open(repo) as _repo:
+        metrics = _repo.metrics.show(
+            targets=targets,
+            revs=rev if rev is None else [rev],
+            onerror=_onerror_raise,
+        )
+
+    metrics = _postprocess(metrics)
+
+    if not metrics:
+        return {}
+
+    return metrics[first(metrics)]
+
+
 def params_show(
     *targets: str,
     repo: Optional[str] = None,
@@ -56,9 +199,6 @@ def params_show(
     Returns:
         Dict: See Examples below.
 
-    Raises:
-        DvcException: If no params are found in `repo`.
-
     Examples:
 
         - No arguments.
@@ -239,34 +379,6 @@ def params_show(
     if isinstance(stages, str):
         stages = [stages]
 
-    def _onerror_raise(_result: Dict, exception: Exception, *args, **kwargs):
-        raise exception
-
-    def _postprocess(params):
-        processed: Dict[str, Dict] = {}
-        for rev, rev_data in params.items():
-            processed[rev] = {}
-
-            counts: typing.Counter[str] = Counter()
-            for file_data in rev_data["data"].values():
-                for k in file_data["data"]:
-                    counts[k] += 1
-
-            for file_name, file_data in rev_data["data"].items():
-                to_merge = {
-                    (k if counts[k] == 1 else f"{file_name}:{k}"): v
-                    for k, v in file_data["data"].items()
-                }
-                processed[rev] = {**processed[rev], **to_merge}
-
-        if "workspace" in processed:
-            del processed["workspace"]
-
-        if not processed:
-            raise DvcException("No params found")
-
-        return processed[first(processed)]
-
     with Repo.open(repo) as _repo:
         params = _repo.params.show(
             revs=rev if rev is None else [rev],
@@ -276,4 +388,9 @@ def params_show(
             stages=stages,
         )
 
-    return _postprocess(params)
+    params = _postprocess(params)
+
+    if not params:
+        return {}
+
+    return params[first(params)]

dvc/cachemgr.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import os
+
 from dvc.fs import GitFileSystem, Schemes
 from dvc_data.hashfile.db import get_odb
 
@@ -9,7 +11,6 @@ def _get_odb(repo, settings, fs=None):
         return None
 
     cls, config, fs_path = get_cloud_fs(repo, **settings)
-    config["tmp_dir"] = repo.tmp_dir
     fs = fs or cls(**config)
     return get_odb(fs, fs_path, state=repo.state, **config)
 
@@ -29,16 +30,21 @@ class CacheManager:
         self.config = config = repo.config["cache"]
         self._odb = {}
 
+        default = None
+        if repo and repo.local_dvc_dir:
+            default = os.path.join(repo.local_dvc_dir, self.CACHE_DIR)
+
         local = config.get("local")
 
         if local:
             settings = {"name": local}
-        elif "dir" not in config:
+        elif "dir" not in config and not default:
             settings = None
         else:
             from dvc.config_schema import LOCAL_COMMON
 
-            settings = {"url": config["dir"]}
+            url = config.get("dir") or default
+            settings = {"url": url}
             for opt in LOCAL_COMMON:
                 if opt in config:
                     settings[str(opt)] = config.get(opt)

dvc/cli/__init__.py

@@ -39,12 +39,17 @@ def parse_args(argv=None):
 
 def _log_unknown_exceptions() -> None:
     from dvc.info import get_dvc_info
-    from dvc.logger import FOOTER
+    from dvc.ui import ui
+    from dvc.utils import colorize
 
     logger.exception("unexpected error")
     if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
         logger.debug("Version info for developers:\n%s", get_dvc_info())
-    logger.info(FOOTER)
+
+    q = colorize("Having any troubles?", "yellow")
+    link = colorize("https://dvc.org/support", "blue")
+    footer = f"\n{q} Hit us up at {link}, we are always happy to help!"
+    ui.error_write(footer)
 
 
 def _log_exceptions(exc: Exception) -> Optional[int]:
@@ -141,7 +146,7 @@ def _log_exceptions(exc: Exception) -> Optional[int]:
     return None
 
 
-def main(argv=None):  # noqa: C901
+def main(argv=None):  # noqa: C901, PLR0912, PLR0915
     """Main entry point for dvc CLI.
 
     Args:
@@ -167,7 +172,7 @@ def main(argv=None):  # noqa: C901
 
     args = None
 
-    outerLogLevel = logger.level
+    outer_log_level = logger.level
     try:
         args = parse_args(argv)
 
@@ -238,9 +243,9 @@ def main(argv=None):  # noqa: C901
 
         return ret
     finally:
-        logger.setLevel(outerLogLevel)
+        logger.setLevel(outer_log_level)
 
-        from dvc.external_repo import clean_repos
+        from dvc.repo.open_repo import clean_repos
 
         # Remove cached repos in the end of the call, these are anonymous
         # so won't be reused by any other subsequent run anyway.

dvc/cli/parser.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 import argparse
 import logging
 import os
+from functools import lru_cache
 
 from dvc import __version__
 from dvc.commands import (
@@ -150,6 +151,7 @@ def get_parent_parser():
     return parent_parser
 
 
+@lru_cache(maxsize=1)
 def get_main_parser():
     parent_parser = get_parent_parser()
 

dvc/commands/add.py

@@ -62,8 +62,11 @@ class CmdAdd(CmdBase):
                 remote=self.args.remote,
                 to_remote=self.args.to_remote,
                 jobs=self.args.jobs,
+                force=self.args.force,
             )
-
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            logger.exception("")
+            return 1
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception("")
             return 1
@@ -140,6 +143,13 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         ),
         metavar="<number>",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-f",
+        "--force",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Override local file or folder if exists.",
+    )
 
     _add_annotating_args(parser)
     parser.add_argument(

dvc/commands/cache.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import argparse
+import os
 
 from dvc.cli import completion
 from dvc.cli.utils import append_doc_link, fix_subparsers
@@ -9,13 +10,21 @@ from dvc.ui import ui
 class CmdCacheDir(CmdConfig):
     def run(self):
         if self.args.value is None and not self.args.unset:
+            from dvc.config import ConfigError
+
             if self.args.level:
                 conf = self.config.read(level=self.args.level)
             else:
                 # Use merged config with default values
                 conf = self.config
-            self._check(conf, False, "cache", "dir")
-            ui.write(conf["cache"]["dir"])
+            try:
+                self._check(conf, False, "cache", "dir")
+                path = conf["cache"]["dir"]
+            except ConfigError:
+                if not self.config.dvc_dir or self.args.level:
+                    raise
+                path = os.path.join(self.config.dvc_dir, "cache")
+            ui.write(path)
             return 0
         with self.config.edit(level=self.args.level) as conf:
             if self.args.unset:

dvc/commands/check_ignore.py

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class CmdCheckIgnore(CmdBase):
                 target = input()
             except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
                 break
-            if target == "":
+            if not target:
                 break
             if not self._check_one_file(target):
                 ret = 0

dvc/commands/completion.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class CmdCompletion(CmdBaseNoRepo):
 
         shell = self.args.shell
         parser = self.args.parser
-        script = shtab.complete(parser, shell=shell, preamble=PREAMBLE)
+        script = shtab.complete(parser, shell=shell, preamble=PREAMBLE)  # nosec B604
         ui.write(script, force=True)
         return 0
 

dvc/commands/config.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class CmdConfig(CmdBaseNoRepo):
 
         super().__init__(args)
 
-        self.config = Config(validate=False)
+        self.config = Config.from_cwd(validate=False)
 
     def run(self):
         if self.args.show_origin and (self.args.value or self.args.unset):

dvc/commands/dag.py

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from networkx import DiGraph
 
 
-def _show_ascii(G: "DiGraph"):
+def _show_ascii(graph: "DiGraph"):
     from dvc.dagascii import draw
     from dvc.repo.graph import get_pipelines
 
-    pipelines = get_pipelines(G)
+    pipelines = get_pipelines(graph)
 
     ret = []
     for pipeline in pipelines:
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def _quote_label(node):
     return label
 
 
-def _show_dot(G: "DiGraph"):
+def _show_dot(graph: "DiGraph"):
     import io
 
     import networkx as nx
@@ -39,15 +39,15 @@ def _show_dot(G: "DiGraph"):
 
     dot_file = io.StringIO()
 
-    nx.relabel_nodes(G, _quote_label, copy=False)
-    write_dot(G.reverse(), dot_file)
+    nx.relabel_nodes(graph, _quote_label, copy=False)
+    write_dot(graph.reverse(), dot_file)
     return dot_file.getvalue()
 
 
-def _show_mermaid(G, markdown: bool = False):
+def _show_mermaid(graph, markdown: bool = False):
     from dvc.repo.graph import get_pipelines
 
-    pipelines = get_pipelines(G)
+    pipelines = get_pipelines(graph)
 
     graph = "flowchart TD"
 
@@ -100,43 +100,42 @@ def _transform(index, outs):
     def _relabel(node) -> str:
         return node.addressing if isinstance(node, Stage) else str(node)
 
-    G = index.outs_graph if outs else index.graph
-    return nx.relabel_nodes(G, _relabel, copy=True)
+    graph = index.outs_graph if outs else index.graph
+    return nx.relabel_nodes(graph, _relabel, copy=True)
 
 
-def _filter(G, targets, full):
+def _filter(graph, targets, full):
     import networkx as nx
 
     if not targets:
-        return G
+        return graph
 
-    H = G.copy()
+    new_graph = graph.copy()
     if not full:
         descendants = set()
         for target in targets:
-            descendants.update(nx.descendants(G, target))
+            descendants.update(nx.descendants(graph, target))
             descendants.add(target)
-        H.remove_nodes_from(set(G.nodes()) - descendants)
+        new_graph.remove_nodes_from(set(graph.nodes()) - descendants)
 
-    undirected = H.to_undirected()
+    undirected = new_graph.to_undirected()
     connected = set()
     for target in targets:
         connected.update(nx.node_connected_component(undirected, target))
 
-    H.remove_nodes_from(set(H.nodes()) - connected)
-
-    return H
+    new_graph.remove_nodes_from(set(new_graph.nodes()) - connected)
+    return new_graph
 
 
 def _build(repo, target=None, full=False, outs=False):
     targets = _collect_targets(repo, target, outs)
-    G = _transform(repo.index, outs)
-    return _filter(G, targets, full)
+    graph = _transform(repo.index, outs)
+    return _filter(graph, targets, full)
 
 
 class CmdDAG(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
-        G = _build(
+        graph = _build(
             self.repo,
             target=self.args.target,
             full=self.args.full,
@@ -144,12 +143,12 @@ class CmdDAG(CmdBase):
         )
 
         if self.args.dot:
-            ui.write(_show_dot(G))
+            ui.write(_show_dot(graph))
         elif self.args.mermaid or self.args.markdown:
-            ui.write(_show_mermaid(G, self.args.markdown))
+            ui.write(_show_mermaid(graph, self.args.markdown))
         else:
             with ui.pager():
-                ui.write(_show_ascii(G))
+                ui.write(_show_ascii(graph))
 
         return 0
 

dvc/commands/data.py

@@ -21,12 +21,14 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 class CmdDataStatus(CmdBase):
     COLORS = {
+        "not_in_remote": "red",
         "not_in_cache": "red",
         "committed": "green",
         "uncommitted": "yellow",
         "untracked": "cyan",
     }
     LABELS = {
+        "not_in_remote": "Not in remote",
         "not_in_cache": "Not in cache",
         "committed": "DVC committed changes",
         "uncommitted": "DVC uncommitted changes",
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ class CmdDataStatus(CmdBase):
         "unchanged": "DVC unchanged files",
     }
     HINTS = {
+        "not_in_remote": ('use "dvc push <file>..." to upload files',),
         "not_in_cache": ('use "dvc fetch <file>..." to download files',),
         "committed": ("git commit the corresponding dvc files to update the repo",),
         "uncommitted": (
@@ -114,6 +117,8 @@ class CmdDataStatus(CmdBase):
             status = self.repo.data_status(
                 granular=self.args.granular,
                 untracked_files=self.args.untracked_files,
+                not_in_remote=self.args.not_in_remote,
+                remote_refresh=self.args.remote_refresh,
             )
 
         if not self.args.unchanged:
@@ -239,6 +244,18 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         nargs="?",
         help="Show untracked files.",
     )
+    data_status_parser.add_argument(
+        "--not-in-remote",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Show files not in remote.",
+    )
+    data_status_parser.add_argument(
+        "--no-remote-refresh",
+        dest="remote_refresh",
+        action="store_false",
+        help="Use cached remote index (don't check remote).",
+    )
     data_status_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdDataStatus)
 
     DATA_LS_HELP = "List data tracked by DVC with its metadata."

dvc/commands/data_sync.py

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ class CmdDataPull(CmdDataBase):
                 recursive=self.args.recursive,
                 run_cache=self.args.run_cache,
                 glob=self.args.glob,
+                allow_missing=self.args.allow_missing,
             )
             self.log_summary(stats)
         except (CheckoutError, DvcException) as exc:
@@ -197,6 +198,12 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, _parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
     )
+    pull_parser.add_argument(
+        "--allow-missing",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Ignore errors if some of the files or directories are missing.",
+    )
     pull_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdDataPull)
 
     # Push

dvc/commands/experiments/__init__.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from dvc.cli.utils import append_doc_link, fix_subparsers, hide_subparsers_from_
 from dvc.commands.experiments import (
     apply,
     branch,
+    clean,
     diff,
     exec_run,
     gc,
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ from dvc.commands.experiments import (
 SUB_COMMANDS = [
     apply,
     branch,
+    clean,
     diff,
     exec_run,
     gc,
@@ -80,6 +82,7 @@ def add_rev_selection_flags(
     experiments_subcmd_parser.add_argument(
         "--rev",
         type=str,
+        action="append",
         default=None,
         help=msg,
         metavar="<commit>",

dvc/commands/experiments/apply.py

@@ -4,13 +4,21 @@ import logging
 from dvc.cli import completion
 from dvc.cli.command import CmdBase
 from dvc.cli.utils import append_doc_link
+from dvc.ui import ui
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class CmdExperimentsApply(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
-        self.repo.experiments.apply(self.args.experiment, force=self.args.force)
+        if not self.args.force:
+            ui.write(
+                "The --no-force option is deprecated and will be removed in a future"
+                " DVC release. To revert the result of 'exp apply', run:\n"
+                "\n\tgit reset --hard\n"
+                "\tgit stash apply refs/exps/apply/stash\n"
+            )
+        self.repo.experiments.apply(self.args.experiment)
 
         return 0
 

dvc/commands/experiments/branch.py

@@ -26,5 +26,13 @@ def add_parser(experiments_subparsers, parent_parser):
     experiments_branch_parser.add_argument(
         "experiment", help="Experiment to be promoted."
     )
-    experiments_branch_parser.add_argument("branch", help="Name for the new Git branch")
+    experiments_branch_parser.add_argument(
+        "branch",
+        nargs="?",
+        default=None,
+        help=(
+            "Optional name for the new Git branch. "
+            "Defaults to '{experiment-name}-branch'."
+        ),
+    )
     experiments_branch_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdExperimentsBranch)

dvc/commands/experiments/clean.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import argparse
+import logging
+
+from dvc.cli.command import CmdBase
+from dvc.cli.utils import append_doc_link
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class CmdExperimentsClean(CmdBase):
+    def run(self):
+        self.repo.experiments.clean()
+        return 0
+
+
+def add_parser(experiments_subparsers, parent_parser):
+    EXPERIMENTS_CLEAN_HELP = "Cleanup experiments temporary internal files."
+    experiments_clean_parser = experiments_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "clean",
+        parents=[parent_parser],
+        description=append_doc_link(EXPERIMENTS_CLEAN_HELP, "exp/clean"),
+        help=EXPERIMENTS_CLEAN_HELP,
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    experiments_clean_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdExperimentsClean)

dvc/commands/experiments/diff.py

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class CmdExperimentsDiff(CmdBase):
 
 
 def add_parser(experiments_subparsers, parent_parser):
-    EXPERIMENTS_DIFF_HELP = "Show changes between experiments in the DVC repository."
+    EXPERIMENTS_DIFF_HELP = "Show changes between experiments."
 
     experiments_diff_parser = experiments_subparsers.add_parser(
         "diff",

dvc/commands/experiments/exec_run.py

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ class CmdExecutorRun(CmdBaseNoRepo):
             queue=None,
             log_level=logger.getEffectiveLevel(),
             infofile=self.args.infofile,
+            copy_paths=self.args.copy_paths,
+            message=self.args.message,
         )
         return 0
 
@@ -36,4 +38,21 @@ def add_parser(experiments_subparsers, parent_parser):
         help="Path to executor info file",
         default=None,
     )
+    exec_run_parser.add_argument(
+        "-C",
+        "--copy-paths",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help=(
+            "List of ignored or untracked paths to copy into the temp directory."
+            " Only used if `--temp` or `--queue` is specified."
+        ),
+    )
+    exec_run_parser.add_argument(
+        "-M",
+        "--message",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="Custom commit message to use when committing the experiment.",
+    )
     exec_run_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdExecutorRun)

dvc/commands/experiments/gc.py

@@ -78,7 +78,8 @@ class CmdExperimentsGC(CmdBase):
 def add_parser(experiments_subparsers, parent_parser):
     EXPERIMENTS_GC_HELP = "Garbage collect unneeded experiments."
     EXPERIMENTS_GC_DESCRIPTION = (
-        "Removes all experiments which are not derived from the specifiedGit revisions."
+        "Removes all experiments which are not derived"
+        " from the specified Git revisions."
     )
     experiments_gc_parser = experiments_subparsers.add_parser(
         "gc",

dvc/commands/experiments/push.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import argparse
 import logging
+from typing import Any, Dict
 
 from dvc.cli import completion
 from dvc.cli.command import CmdBase
@@ -18,29 +19,66 @@ class CmdExperimentsPush(CmdBase):
                 "`--rev` or `--all-commits` flag."
             )
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def log_result(result: Dict[str, Any], remote: str):
+        from dvc.utils import humanize
+
+        def join_exps(exps):
+            return humanize.join([f"[bold]{e}[/]" for e in exps])
+
+        if diverged_exps := result.get("diverged"):
+            exps = join_exps(diverged_exps)
+            ui.error_write(
+                f"[yellow]Local experiment {exps} has diverged "
+                "from remote experiment with the same name.\n"
+                "To override the remote experiment re-run with '--force'.",
+                styled=True,
+            )
+        if uptodate_exps := result.get("up_to_date"):
+            exps = join_exps(uptodate_exps)
+            verb = "are" if len(uptodate_exps) > 1 else "is"
+            ui.write(
+                f"Experiment {exps} {verb} up to date on Git remote {remote!r}.",
+                styled=True,
+            )
+        if pushed_exps := result.get("success"):
+            exps = join_exps(pushed_exps)
+            ui.write(f"Pushed experiment {exps} to Git remote {remote!r}.", styled=True)
+        if not uptodate_exps and not pushed_exps:
+            ui.write("No experiments to push.")
+
+        if uploaded := result.get("uploaded"):
+            stats = {"uploaded": uploaded}
+            ui.write(humanize.get_summary(stats.items()))
+
+        if project_url := result.get("url"):
+            ui.rich_print(
+                "View your experiments at", project_url, style="yellow", soft_wrap=True
+            )
+
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.repo.experiments.push import UploadError
+
         self.raise_error_if_all_disabled()
 
-        pushed_exps = self.repo.experiments.push(
-            self.args.git_remote,
-            self.args.experiment,
-            all_commits=self.args.all_commits,
-            rev=self.args.rev,
-            num=self.args.num,
-            force=self.args.force,
-            push_cache=self.args.push_cache,
-            dvc_remote=self.args.dvc_remote,
-            jobs=self.args.jobs,
-            run_cache=self.args.run_cache,
-        )
-
-        if pushed_exps:
-            ui.write(
-                f"Pushed experiment '{pushed_exps}'"
-                f"to Git remote '{self.args.git_remote}'."
+        try:
+            result = self.repo.experiments.push(
+                self.args.git_remote,
+                self.args.experiment,
+                all_commits=self.args.all_commits,
+                rev=self.args.rev,
+                num=self.args.num,
+                force=self.args.force,
+                push_cache=self.args.push_cache,
+                dvc_remote=self.args.dvc_remote,
+                jobs=self.args.jobs,
+                run_cache=self.args.run_cache,
             )
-        else:
-            ui.write("No experiments to push.")
+        except UploadError as e:
+            self.log_result(e.result, self.args.git_remote)
+            raise
+
+        self.log_result(result, self.args.git_remote)
         if not self.args.push_cache:
             ui.write(
                 "To push cached outputs",

dvc/commands/experiments/queue_worker.py

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ class CmdQueueWorker(CmdBase):
     """Run the exp queue worker."""
 
     def run(self):
-        self.repo.experiments.celery_queue.worker.start(self.args.name)
+        self.repo.experiments.celery_queue.worker.start(
+            self.args.name, fsapp_clean=self.args.clean
+        )
         return 0
 
 
@@ -22,4 +24,9 @@ def add_parser(experiments_subparsers, parent_parser):
         add_help=False,
     )
     parser.add_argument("name", help="Celery worker name.")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--clean",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Automatically cleanup celery broker on shutdown.",
+    )
     parser.set_defaults(func=CmdQueueWorker)

dvc/commands/experiments/remove.py

@@ -24,9 +24,11 @@ class CmdExperimentsRemove(CmdBase):
             )
 
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.utils import humanize
+
         self.check_arguments()
 
-        removed_list = self.repo.experiments.remove(
+        removed = self.repo.experiments.remove(
             exp_names=self.args.experiment,
             all_commits=self.args.all_commits,
             rev=self.args.rev,
@@ -34,8 +36,10 @@ class CmdExperimentsRemove(CmdBase):
             queue=self.args.queue,
             git_remote=self.args.git_remote,
         )
-        removed = ",".join(removed_list)
-        ui.write(f"Removed experiments: {removed}")
+        if removed:
+            ui.write(f"Removed experiments: {humanize.join(map(repr, removed))}")
+        else:
+            ui.write("No experiments to remove.")
 
         return 0
 

dvc/commands/experiments/run.py

@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ class CmdExperimentsRun(CmdRepro):
             reset=self.args.reset,
             tmp_dir=self.args.tmp_dir,
             machine=self.args.machine,
+            copy_paths=self.args.copy_paths,
+            message=self.args.message,
             **self._common_kwargs,
         )
 
@@ -136,3 +138,20 @@ def _add_run_common(parser):
         # )
         # metavar="<name>",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-C",
+        "--copy-paths",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help=(
+            "List of ignored or untracked paths to copy into the temp directory."
+            " Only used if `--temp` or `--queue` is specified."
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-M",
+        "--message",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="Custom commit message to use when committing the experiment.",
+    )

dvc/commands/experiments/save.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ class CmdExperimentsSave(CmdBase):
                 name=self.args.name,
                 force=self.args.force,
                 include_untracked=self.args.include_untracked,
+                message=self.args.message,
             )
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception("failed to save experiment")
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ class CmdExperimentsSave(CmdBase):
 
 
 def add_parser(experiments_subparsers, parent_parser):
-    EXPERIMENTS_SAVE_HELP = "Save current workspace as a dvc experiment."
+    EXPERIMENTS_SAVE_HELP = "Save current workspace as an experiment."
     save_parser = experiments_subparsers.add_parser(
         "save",
         parents=[parent_parser],
@@ -75,4 +76,11 @@ def add_parser(experiments_subparsers, parent_parser):
         help="List of untracked paths to include in the experiment.",
         metavar="<path>",
     )
+    save_parser.add_argument(
+        "-M",
+        "--message",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="Custom commit message to use when committing the experiment.",
+    )
     save_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdExperimentsSave)

dvc/commands/experiments/show.py

@@ -2,9 +2,8 @@ import argparse
 import logging
 import os
 import re
-from collections import Counter, OrderedDict, defaultdict
 from datetime import date, datetime
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Set
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Iterable
 
 from funcy import lmap
 
@@ -12,9 +11,8 @@ from dvc.cli import completion
 from dvc.cli.command import CmdBase
 from dvc.cli.utils import append_doc_link
 from dvc.commands.metrics import DEFAULT_PRECISION
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException, InvalidArgumentError
+from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 from dvc.ui import ui
-from dvc.utils.flatten import flatten
 from dvc.utils.serialize import encode_exception
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -28,30 +26,6 @@ FILL_VALUE_ERRORED = "!"
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-def _update_names(names, items):
-    for name, item in items:
-        item = item.get("data", {})
-        if isinstance(item, dict):
-            item = flatten(item)
-            names[name].update({key: None for key in item})
-
-
-def _collect_names(all_experiments, **kwargs):
-    metric_names: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = defaultdict(dict)
-    param_names: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = defaultdict(dict)
-    deps_names: Set[str] = set()
-
-    for _, experiments in all_experiments.items():
-        for exp_data in experiments.values():
-            exp = exp_data.get("data", {})
-            _update_names(metric_names, exp.get("metrics", {}).items())
-            _update_names(param_names, exp.get("params", {}).items())
-            for dep_name in exp.get("deps", {}):
-                deps_names.add(dep_name)
-
-    return metric_names, param_names, sorted(deps_names)
-
-
 experiment_types = {
     "checkpoint_tip": "│ ╓",
     "checkpoint_commit": "│ ╟",
@@ -62,229 +36,6 @@ experiment_types = {
 }
 
 
-def _collect_rows(  # noqa: C901
-    base_rev,
-    experiments,
-    all_headers,
-    metric_headers,
-    param_headers,
-    metric_names,
-    param_names,
-    deps_names,
-    precision=DEFAULT_PRECISION,
-    sort_by=None,
-    sort_order=None,
-    fill_value=FILL_VALUE,
-    iso=False,
-):
-    from dvc.scm import Git
-
-    if sort_by:
-        sort_path, sort_name, sort_type = _sort_column(
-            sort_by, metric_names, param_names
-        )
-        reverse = sort_order == "desc"
-        experiments = _sort_exp(experiments, sort_path, sort_name, sort_type, reverse)
-
-    new_checkpoint = True
-    for i, (rev, results) in enumerate(experiments.items()):
-        fill_value = FILL_VALUE_ERRORED if results.get("error") else fill_value
-        row_dict = {k: fill_value for k in all_headers}
-
-        exp = results.get("data", {})
-
-        state = exp.get("status")
-        if state == "Success":
-            state = fill_value
-
-        is_baseline = rev == "baseline"
-
-        if is_baseline:
-            name_rev = base_rev[:7] if Git.is_sha(base_rev) else base_rev
-        else:
-            name_rev = rev[:7]
-
-        tip = exp.get("checkpoint_tip")
-        parent_rev = exp.get("checkpoint_parent", "")
-        parent_exp = experiments.get(parent_rev, {}).get("data", {})
-        parent_tip = parent_exp.get("checkpoint_tip")
-
-        parent = ""
-        if is_baseline:
-            typ = "baseline"
-        elif tip:
-            if tip == parent_tip:
-                typ = "checkpoint_tip" if new_checkpoint else "checkpoint_commit"
-            elif parent_rev == base_rev:
-                typ = "checkpoint_base"
-            else:
-                typ = "checkpoint_commit"
-                parent = parent_rev[:7]
-        elif i < len(experiments) - 1:
-            typ = "branch_commit"
-        else:
-            typ = "branch_base"
-
-        if not is_baseline:
-            new_checkpoint = not (tip and tip == parent_tip)
-
-        row_dict["Experiment"] = exp.get("name", "")
-        row_dict["rev"] = name_rev
-        row_dict["typ"] = typ
-        row_dict["Created"] = format_time(exp.get("timestamp"), fill_value, iso)
-        row_dict["parent"] = parent
-        row_dict["State"] = state
-        row_dict["Executor"] = exp.get("executor", fill_value)
-
-        _extend_row(
-            row_dict,
-            metric_names,
-            metric_headers,
-            exp.get("metrics", {}).items(),
-            precision,
-            fill_value=fill_value,
-        )
-        _extend_row(
-            row_dict,
-            param_names,
-            param_headers,
-            exp.get("params", {}).items(),
-            precision,
-            fill_value=fill_value,
-        )
-        for dep in deps_names:
-            hash_info = exp.get("deps", {}).get(dep, {}).get("hash")
-            if hash_info is not None:
-                hash_info = hash_info[:7]
-            row_dict[dep] = hash_info
-        yield list(row_dict.values())
-
-
-def _sort_column(sort_by, metric_names, param_names):
-    path, _, sort_name = sort_by.rpartition(":")
-    matches = set()
-
-    if path:
-        if path in metric_names and sort_name in metric_names[path]:
-            matches.add((path, sort_name, "metrics"))
-        if path in param_names and sort_name in param_names[path]:
-            matches.add((path, sort_name, "params"))
-    else:
-        for path in metric_names:
-            if sort_name in metric_names[path]:
-                matches.add((path, sort_name, "metrics"))
-        for path in param_names:
-            if sort_name in param_names[path]:
-                matches.add((path, sort_name, "params"))
-
-    if len(matches) == 1:
-        return matches.pop()
-    if len(matches) > 1:
-        raise InvalidArgumentError(
-            "Ambiguous sort column '{}' matched '{}'".format(
-                sort_by,
-                ", ".join([f"{path}:{name}" for path, name, _ in matches]),
-            )
-        )
-    raise InvalidArgumentError(f"Unknown sort column '{sort_by}'")
-
-
-def _sort_exp(experiments, sort_path, sort_name, typ, reverse):
-    def _sort(item):
-        rev, exp = item
-        exp_data = exp.get("data", {})
-        tip = exp_data.get("checkpoint_tip")
-        if tip and tip != rev:
-            # Sort checkpoint experiments by tip commit
-            return _sort((tip, experiments[tip]))
-        data = exp_data.get(typ, {}).get(sort_path, {}).get("data", {})
-        val = flatten(data).get(sort_name)
-        return val is None, val
-
-    ret = OrderedDict()
-    if "baseline" in experiments:
-        ret["baseline"] = experiments.pop("baseline")
-
-    ret.update(sorted(experiments.items(), key=_sort, reverse=reverse))
-    return ret
-
-
-def format_time(datetime_obj, fill_value=FILL_VALUE, iso=False):
-    if datetime_obj is None:
-        return fill_value
-
-    if iso:
-        return datetime_obj.isoformat()
-
-    if datetime_obj.date() == date.today():
-        fmt = "%I:%M %p"
-    else:
-        fmt = "%b %d, %Y"
-    return datetime_obj.strftime(fmt)
-
-
-def _extend_row(row, names, headers, items, precision, fill_value=FILL_VALUE):
-    from dvc.compare import _format_field, with_value
-
-    for fname, data in items:
-        item = data.get("data", {})
-        item = flatten(item) if isinstance(item, dict) else {fname: item}
-        for name in names[fname]:
-            value = with_value(
-                item.get(name),
-                FILL_VALUE_ERRORED if data.get("error", None) else fill_value,
-            )
-            # wrap field data in ui.rich_text, otherwise rich may
-            # interpret unescaped braces from list/dict types as rich
-            # markup tags
-            value = ui.rich_text(str(_format_field(value, precision)))
-            if name in headers:
-                row[name] = value
-            else:
-                row[f"{fname}:{name}"] = value
-
-
-def experiments_table(
-    all_experiments,
-    headers,
-    metric_headers,
-    metric_names,
-    param_headers,
-    param_names,
-    deps_names,
-    sort_by=None,
-    sort_order=None,
-    precision=DEFAULT_PRECISION,
-    fill_value=FILL_VALUE,
-    iso=False,
-) -> "TabularData":
-    from funcy import lconcat
-
-    from dvc.compare import TabularData
-
-    all_headers = lconcat(headers, metric_headers, param_headers, deps_names)
-    td = TabularData(all_headers, fill_value=fill_value)
-    for base_rev, experiments in all_experiments.items():
-        rows = _collect_rows(
-            base_rev,
-            experiments,
-            all_headers,
-            metric_headers,
-            param_headers,
-            metric_names,
-            param_names,
-            deps_names,
-            sort_by=sort_by,
-            sort_order=sort_order,
-            precision=precision,
-            fill_value=fill_value,
-            iso=iso,
-        )
-        td.extend(rows)
-
-    return td
-
-
 def prepare_exp_id(kwargs) -> "RichText":
     exp_name = kwargs["Experiment"]
     rev = kwargs["rev"]
@@ -308,8 +59,9 @@ def baseline_styler(typ):
     return {"style": "bold"} if typ == "baseline" else {}
 
 
-def show_experiments(  # noqa: C901
-    all_experiments,
+def show_experiments(  # noqa: C901, PLR0912
+    td: "TabularData",
+    headers: Dict[str, Iterable[str]],
     keep=None,
     drop=None,
     pager=True,
@@ -318,40 +70,6 @@ def show_experiments(  # noqa: C901
     pcp=False,
     **kwargs,
 ):
-    from funcy.seqs import flatten as flatten_list
-
-    metric_names, param_names, deps_names = _collect_names(all_experiments)
-
-    headers_list = [
-        "Experiment",
-        "rev",
-        "typ",
-        "Created",
-        "parent",
-        "State",
-        "Executor",
-    ]
-
-    names = {**metric_names, **param_names}
-    counter = Counter(flatten_list([list(a.keys()) for a in names.values()]))
-    counter.update(headers_list)
-    metric_headers = _normalize_headers(metric_names, counter)
-    param_headers = _normalize_headers(param_names, counter)
-
-    td = experiments_table(
-        all_experiments,
-        headers_list,
-        metric_headers,
-        metric_names,
-        param_headers,
-        param_names,
-        deps_names,
-        kwargs.get("sort_by"),
-        kwargs.get("sort_order"),
-        kwargs.get("precision"),
-        kwargs.get("fill_value"),
-        kwargs.get("iso"),
-    )
     if keep:
         for col in td.keys():  # noqa: SIM118
             if re.match(keep, col):
@@ -368,11 +86,6 @@ def show_experiments(  # noqa: C901
         td.column("Experiment")[:] = map(prepare_exp_id, td.as_dict(merge_headers))
         td.drop(*merge_headers[1:])
 
-    headers = {
-        "metrics": metric_headers,
-        "params": param_headers,
-        "deps": deps_names,
-    }
     styles = {
         "Experiment": {"no_wrap": True, "header_style": "black on grey93"},
         "Created": {"header_style": "black on grey93"},
@@ -460,8 +173,10 @@ def _format_json(item):
 
 class CmdExperimentsShow(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.repo.experiments.show import tabulate
+
         try:
-            all_experiments = self.repo.experiments.show(
+            exps = self.repo.experiments.show(
                 all_branches=self.args.all_branches,
                 all_tags=self.args.all_tags,
                 all_commits=self.args.all_commits,
@@ -472,29 +187,36 @@ class CmdExperimentsShow(CmdBase):
                 sha_only=self.args.sha,
                 param_deps=self.args.param_deps,
                 fetch_running=self.args.fetch_running,
+                force=self.args.force,
             )
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception("failed to show experiments")
             return 1
 
         if self.args.json:
-            ui.write_json(all_experiments, default=_format_json)
+            ui.write_json([exp.dumpd() for exp in exps], default=_format_json)
         else:
             precision = (
                 self.args.precision or None if self.args.csv else DEFAULT_PRECISION
             )
             fill_value = "" if self.args.csv else FILL_VALUE
             iso = self.args.csv
+            td, headers = tabulate(
+                exps,
+                precision=precision,
+                fill_value=fill_value,
+                iso=iso,
+                sort_by=self.args.sort_by,
+                sort_order=self.args.sort_order,
+            )
 
             show_experiments(
-                all_experiments,
+                td,
+                headers,
                 keep=self.args.keep,
                 drop=self.args.drop,
                 sort_by=self.args.sort_by,
                 sort_order=self.args.sort_order,
-                precision=precision,
-                fill_value=fill_value,
-                iso=iso,
                 pager=not self.args.no_pager,
                 csv=self.args.csv,
                 markdown=self.args.markdown,
@@ -650,4 +372,10 @@ def add_parser(experiments_subparsers, parent_parser):
         action="store_false",
         help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
     )
+    experiments_show_parser.add_argument(
+        "-f",
+        "--force",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Force re-collection of experiments instead of loading from exp cache.",
+    )
     experiments_show_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdExperimentsShow)

dvc/commands/gc.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class CmdGC(CmdBase):
-    def run(self):  # noqa: C901
+    def run(self):  # noqa: C901, PLR0912
         from dvc.repo.gc import _validate_args
 
         _validate_args(
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ class CmdGC(CmdBase):
             workspace=self.args.workspace,
             rev=self.args.rev,
             num=self.args.num,
+            cloud=self.args.cloud,
+            not_in_remote=self.args.not_in_remote,
         )
 
         if self.args.rev:
@@ -46,6 +48,10 @@ class CmdGC(CmdBase):
 
         if self.args.all_experiments:
             msg += " and all experiments"
+
+        if self.args.not_in_remote:
+            msg += " that are present in the DVC remote"
+
         if self.args.repos:
             msg += " of the current and the following repos:"
 
@@ -74,6 +80,7 @@ class CmdGC(CmdBase):
             workspace=self.args.workspace,
             rev=self.args.rev,
             num=self.args.num,
+            not_in_remote=self.args.not_in_remote,
         )
         return 0
 
@@ -157,12 +164,18 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help="Keep data files for all experiments.",
     )
+    gc_parser.add_argument(
+        "--not-in-remote",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Keep data files that are not present in the remote.",
+    )
     gc_parser.add_argument(
         "-c",
         "--cloud",
         action="store_true",
         default=False,
-        help="Collect garbage in remote repository.",
+        help="Collect garbage in remote storage in addition to local cache.",
     )
     gc_parser.add_argument(
         "-r",

dvc/commands/get.py

@@ -14,12 +14,8 @@ class CmdGet(CmdBaseNoRepo):
         from dvc.api import get_url
         from dvc.ui import ui
 
-        try:
-            url = get_url(self.args.path, repo=self.args.url, rev=self.args.rev)
-            ui.write(url, force=True)
-        except DvcException:
-            logger.exception("failed to show URL")
-            return 1
+        url = get_url(self.args.path, repo=self.args.url, rev=self.args.rev)
+        ui.write(url, force=True)
 
         return 0
 
@@ -40,6 +36,7 @@ class CmdGet(CmdBaseNoRepo):
                 out=self.args.out,
                 rev=self.args.rev,
                 jobs=self.args.jobs,
+                force=self.args.force,
             )
             return 0
         except CloneError:
@@ -98,4 +95,11 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         ),
         metavar="<number>",
     )
+    get_parser.add_argument(
+        "-f",
+        "--force",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Override local file or folder if exists.",
+    )
     get_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdGet)

dvc/commands/get_url.py

@@ -14,7 +14,12 @@ class CmdGetUrl(CmdBaseNoRepo):
         from dvc.repo import Repo
 
         try:
-            Repo.get_url(self.args.url, out=self.args.out, jobs=self.args.jobs)
+            Repo.get_url(
+                self.args.url,
+                out=self.args.out,
+                jobs=self.args.jobs,
+                force=self.args.force,
+            )
             return 0
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception("failed to get '%s'", self.args.url)
@@ -46,4 +51,11 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         ),
         metavar="<number>",
     )
+    get_parser.add_argument(
+        "-f",
+        "--force",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Override local file or folder if exists.",
+    )
     get_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdGetUrl)

dvc/commands/imp_url.py

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ class CmdImportUrl(CmdBase):
                 labels=self.args.labels,
                 meta=self.args.meta,
                 jobs=self.args.jobs,
+                force=self.args.force,
                 version_aware=self.args.version_aware,
             )
         except DvcException:
@@ -112,6 +113,13 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         ),
         metavar="<number>",
     )
+    import_parser.add_argument(
+        "-f",
+        "--force",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Override local file or folder if exists.",
+    )
     import_parser.add_argument(
         "--version-aware",
         action="store_true",

dvc/commands/machine.py

@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ class CmdMachineSsh(CmdBase):
         return 0
 
 
-def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
+def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):  # noqa: PLR0915
     from dvc.commands.config import parent_config_parser
 
     machine_HELP = "Set up and manage cloud machines."

dvc/commands/plots.py

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import argparse
-import json
 import logging
 import os
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, Optional
 
-from funcy import first
+from funcy import compact, first, get_in
 
 from dvc.cli import completion
 from dvc.cli.command import CmdBase
@@ -12,14 +12,51 @@ from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 from dvc.ui import ui
 from dvc.utils import format_link
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.render.match import RendererWithErrors
+
+
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-def _show_json(renderers, split=False):
+def _show_json(
+    renderers_with_errors: List["RendererWithErrors"],
+    split=False,
+    errors: Optional[Dict[str, Exception]] = None,
+):
     from dvc.render.convert import to_json
+    from dvc.utils.serialize import encode_exception
 
-    result = {renderer.name: to_json(renderer, split) for renderer in renderers}
-    ui.write_json(result)
+    all_errors: List[Dict] = []
+    data = {}
+
+    for renderer, src_errors, def_errors in renderers_with_errors:
+        name = renderer.name
+        data[name] = to_json(renderer, split)
+        all_errors.extend(
+            {
+                "name": name,
+                "rev": rev,
+                "source": source,
+                **encode_exception(e),
+            }
+            for rev, per_rev_src_errors in src_errors.items()
+            for source, e in per_rev_src_errors.items()
+        )
+        all_errors.extend(
+            {
+                "name": name,
+                "rev": rev,
+                **encode_exception(e),
+            }
+            for rev, e in def_errors.items()
+        )
+
+    # these errors are not tied to any renderers
+    errors = errors or {}
+    all_errors.extend({"rev": rev, **encode_exception(e)} for rev, e in errors.items())
+
+    ui.write_json(compact({"errors": all_errors, "data": data}), highlight=False)
 
 
 def _adjust_vega_renderers(renderers):
@@ -76,10 +113,6 @@ class CmdPlots(CmdBase):
         props = {p: getattr(self.args, p) for p in PLOT_PROPS}
         return {k: v for k, v in props.items() if v is not None}
 
-    def _config_files(self):
-        if self.args.from_config:
-            return {self.args.from_config}
-
     def _html_template_path(self):
         html_template_path = self.args.html_template
         if not html_template_path:
@@ -89,9 +122,9 @@ class CmdPlots(CmdBase):
             if html_template_path and not os.path.isabs(html_template_path):
                 assert self.repo.dvc_dir
                 html_template_path = os.path.join(self.repo.dvc_dir, html_template_path)
-        return html_template_path  # noqa: RET504
+        return html_template_path
 
-    def run(self) -> int:  # noqa: C901
+    def run(self) -> int:  # noqa: C901, PLR0911, PLR0912
         from pathlib import Path
 
         from dvc.render.match import match_defs_renderers
@@ -114,10 +147,9 @@ class CmdPlots(CmdBase):
             plots_data = self._func(
                 targets=self.args.targets,
                 props=self._props(),
-                config_files=self._config_files(),
             )
 
-            if not plots_data:
+            if not plots_data and not self.args.json:
                 ui.error_write(
                     "No plots were loaded, visualization file will not be created."
                 )
@@ -127,21 +159,27 @@ class CmdPlots(CmdBase):
             )
 
             renderers_out = out if self.args.json else os.path.join(out, "static")
-
-            renderers = match_defs_renderers(
+            renderers_with_errors = match_defs_renderers(
                 data=plots_data,
                 out=renderers_out,
                 templates_dir=self.repo.plots.templates_dir,
             )
             if self.args.json:
-                _show_json(renderers, self.args.split)
+                errors = compact(
+                    {
+                        rev: get_in(data, ["definitions", "error"])
+                        for rev, data in plots_data.items()
+                    }
+                )
+                _show_json(renderers_with_errors, self.args.split, errors=errors)
                 return 0
 
+            renderers = [r.renderer for r in renderers_with_errors]
             _adjust_vega_renderers(renderers)
             if self.args.show_vega:
                 renderer = first(filter(lambda r: r.TYPE == "vega", renderers))
                 if renderer:
-                    ui.write_json(json.loads(renderer.get_filled_template()))
+                    ui.write_json(renderer.get_filled_template(as_string=False))
                 return 0
 
             output_file: Path = (Path.cwd() / out).resolve() / "index.html"
@@ -150,7 +188,7 @@ class CmdPlots(CmdBase):
                 render_html(
                     renderers=renderers,
                     output_file=output_file,
-                    template_path=self._html_template_path(),
+                    html_template=self._html_template_path(),
                 )
 
                 ui.write(output_file.as_uri())
@@ -412,9 +450,3 @@ def _add_ui_arguments(parser):
         help="Custom HTML template for VEGA visualization.",
         metavar="<path>",
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--from-config",
-        default=None,
-        metavar="<path>",
-        help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
-    )

dvc/commands/queue/status.py

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 import argparse
 import logging
-from typing import Dict, List, Optional
 
 from dvc.cli.command import CmdBase
 from dvc.cli.utils import append_doc_link
-from dvc.commands.experiments.show import format_time
 from dvc.compare import TabularData
 from dvc.ui import ui
 
@@ -15,9 +13,9 @@ class CmdQueueStatus(CmdBase):
     """Show queue task and worker status."""
 
     def run(self) -> int:
-        result: List[
-            Dict[str, Optional[str]]
-        ] = self.repo.experiments.celery_queue.status()
+        from dvc.repo.experiments.show import format_time
+
+        result = self.repo.experiments.celery_queue.status()
         if result:
             all_headers = ["Task", "Name", "Created", "Status"]
             td = TabularData(all_headers)

dvc/commands/repro.py

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ class CmdRepro(CmdBase):
             "recursive": self.args.recursive,
             "force_downstream": self.args.force_downstream,
             "pull": self.args.pull,
+            "allow_missing": self.args.allow_missing,
         }
 
     @property
@@ -135,6 +136,12 @@ and then the stage name name.
             "from the run-cache."
         ),
     )
+    repro_parser.add_argument(
+        "--allow-missing",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help=("Skip stages with missing data but no other changes."),
+    )
     repro_parser.add_argument(
         "--dry",
         action="store_true",

dvc/commands/stage.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import argparse
 import logging
+from contextlib import contextmanager
 from itertools import chain, filterfalse
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Iterable, List
 
@@ -119,8 +120,22 @@ def parse_cmd(commands: List[str]) -> str:
     return " ".join(map(quote_argument, commands))
 
 
+@contextmanager
+def _disable_logging(highest_level=logging.CRITICAL):
+    previous_level = logging.root.manager.disable
+
+    logging.disable(highest_level)
+
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        logging.disable(previous_level)
+
+
 class CmdStageAdd(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.repo import lock_repo
+
         kwargs = vars(self.args)
         kwargs.update(
             {
@@ -128,7 +143,15 @@ class CmdStageAdd(CmdBase):
                 "params": parse_params(self.args.params),
             }
         )
-        self.repo.stage.add(**kwargs)
+
+        with self.repo.scm_context, lock_repo(self.repo):
+            with _disable_logging(logging.INFO):
+                stage = self.repo.stage.add(**kwargs)
+            logger.info("Added stage %r in %r", stage.addressing, stage.relpath)
+            if self.args.run:
+                stage.run()
+                stage.dump(update_pipeline=False)
+
         return 0
 
 
@@ -257,6 +280,12 @@ def _add_common_args(parser):
             "This doesn't affect any DVC operations."
         ),
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--run",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Execute the stage after generating it.",
+    )
     parser.add_argument(
         "command",
         nargs=argparse.REMAINDER,

dvc/commands/update.py

@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@ class CmdUpdate(CmdBase):
 def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
     UPDATE_HELP = (
         "Update data artifact imported (via dvc import or dvc import-url) "
-        "from an external DVC repository or URL, or update data from a "
-        "DVC worktree remote."
+        "from an external DVC repository or URL."
     )
     update_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
         "update",

dvc/compare.py

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def with_value(value, default):
 
 
 class TabularData(MutableSequence[Sequence["CellT"]]):
-    def __init__(self, columns: Sequence[str], fill_value: str = ""):
+    def __init__(self, columns: Sequence[str], fill_value: Optional[str] = ""):
         self._columns: Dict[str, Column] = {name: Column() for name in columns}
         self._keys: List[str] = list(columns)
         self._fill_value = fill_value
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ class TabularData(MutableSequence[Sequence["CellT"]]):
         keys = self.keys() if cols is None else set(cols)
         return [{k: self._columns[k][i] for k in keys} for i in range(len(self))]
 
-    def dropna(  # noqa: C901
+    def dropna(  # noqa: C901, PLR0912
         self,
         axis: str = "rows",
         how="any",
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ def diff_table(
     return td
 
 
-def show_diff(
+def show_diff(  # noqa: PLR0913
     diff,
     title: str,
     old: bool = True,

dvc/config.py

@@ -79,9 +79,6 @@ class Config(dict):
         ConfigError: thrown if config has an invalid format.
     """
 
-    APPNAME = "dvc"
-    APPAUTHOR = "iterative"
-
     SYSTEM_LEVELS = ("system", "global")
     REPO_LEVELS = ("repo", "local")
     # In the order they shadow each other
@@ -103,28 +100,32 @@ class Config(dict):
         self.wfs = LocalFileSystem()
         self.fs = fs or self.wfs
 
-        if not dvc_dir:
-            try:
-                from dvc.repo import Repo
-
-                self.dvc_dir = Repo.find_dvc_dir()
-            except NotDvcRepoError:
-                self.dvc_dir = None
-        else:
+        if dvc_dir:
             self.dvc_dir = self.fs.path.abspath(self.fs.path.realpath(dvc_dir))
 
         self.load(validate=validate, config=config)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def from_cwd(cls, fs: Optional["FileSystem"] = None, **kwargs):
+        from dvc.repo import Repo
+
+        try:
+            dvc_dir = Repo.find_dvc_dir(fs=fs)
+        except NotDvcRepoError:
+            dvc_dir = None
+
+        return cls(dvc_dir=dvc_dir, fs=fs, **kwargs)
+
     @classmethod
     def get_dir(cls, level):
-        from appdirs import site_config_dir, user_config_dir
+        from dvc.dirs import global_config_dir, system_config_dir
 
         assert level in ("global", "system")
 
         if level == "global":
-            return user_config_dir(cls.APPNAME, cls.APPAUTHOR)
+            return global_config_dir()
         if level == "system":
-            return site_config_dir(cls.APPNAME, cls.APPAUTHOR)
+            return system_config_dir()
 
     @cached_property
     def files(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
@@ -170,10 +171,6 @@ class Config(dict):
         self.clear()
         self.update(conf)
 
-        # Add resolved default cache.dir
-        if not self["cache"].get("dir") and self.dvc_dir:
-            self["cache"]["dir"] = os.path.join(self.dvc_dir, "cache")
-
     def _get_fs(self, level):
         # NOTE: this might be a Gitfs, which doesn't see things outside of
         # the repo.

dvc/config_schema.py

@@ -1,8 +1,21 @@
+import logging
 import os
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
-from funcy import walk_values
-from voluptuous import All, Any, Coerce, Invalid, Lower, Optional, Range, Schema
+from funcy import once, walk_values
+from voluptuous import (
+    REMOVE_EXTRA,
+    All,
+    Any,
+    Coerce,
+    Invalid,
+    Lower,
+    Optional,
+    Range,
+    Schema,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 Bool = All(
     Lower,
@@ -30,7 +43,7 @@ def supported_cache_type(types):
     return types
 
 
-def Choices(*choices):
+def Choices(*choices):  # noqa: N802
     """Checks that value belongs to the specified set of values
 
     Args:
@@ -40,7 +53,7 @@ def Choices(*choices):
     return Any(*choices, msg="expected one of {}".format(", ".join(choices)))
 
 
-def ByUrl(mapping):
+def ByUrl(mapping):  # noqa: N802
     schemas = walk_values(Schema, mapping)
 
     def validate(data):
@@ -49,7 +62,9 @@ def ByUrl(mapping):
 
         parsed = urlparse(data["url"])
         # Windows absolute paths should really have scheme == "" (local)
-        if os.name == "nt" and len(parsed.scheme) == 1 and parsed.netloc == "":
+        if os.name == "nt" and len(parsed.scheme) == 1 and not parsed.netloc:
+            return schemas[""](data)
+        if not parsed.netloc:
             return schemas[""](data)
         if parsed.scheme not in schemas:
             raise Invalid(f"Unsupported URL type {parsed.scheme}://")
@@ -63,6 +78,27 @@ class RelPath(str):
     pass
 
 
+class FeatureSchema(Schema):
+    def __init__(self, schema, required=False):
+        super().__init__(schema, required=required, extra=REMOVE_EXTRA)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @once
+    def _log_deprecated(keys):
+        # only run this once per session
+        message = "%s config option%s unsupported"
+        paths = ", ".join(f"'feature.{key}'" for key in keys)
+        pluralize = " is" if len(keys) == 1 else "s are"
+        logger.warning(message, paths, pluralize)
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        ret = super().__call__(data)
+        extra_keys = data.keys() - ret.keys()
+        if extra_keys:
+            self._log_deprecated(sorted(extra_keys))
+        return ret
+
+
 REMOTE_COMMON = {
     "url": str,
     "checksum_jobs": All(Coerce(int), Range(1)),
@@ -114,6 +150,7 @@ SCHEMA = {
         Optional("autostage", default=False): Bool,
         Optional("experiments"): Bool,  # obsoleted
         Optional("check_update", default=True): Bool,
+        "site_cache_dir": str,
         "machine": Lower,
     },
     "cache": {
@@ -178,6 +215,7 @@ SCHEMA = {
                     "timeout": Coerce(int),
                     "gss_auth": Bool,
                     "allow_agent": Bool,
+                    "max_sessions": Coerce(int),
                     Optional("verify", default=False): Bool,
                     **REMOTE_COMMON,
                 },
@@ -237,12 +275,12 @@ SCHEMA = {
         )
     },
     "state": {
-        "dir": str,
+        "dir": str,  # obsoleted
         "row_limit": All(Coerce(int), Range(1)),  # obsoleted
         "row_cleanup_quota": All(Coerce(int), Range(0, 100)),  # obsoleted
     },
     "index": {
-        "dir": str,
+        "dir": str,  # obsoleted
     },
     "machine": {
         str: {
@@ -260,11 +298,12 @@ SCHEMA = {
         },
     },
     # section for experimental features
-    "feature": {
-        Optional("machine", default=False): Bool,
-        # enabled by default. It's of no use, kept for backward compatibility.
-        Optional("parametrization", default=True): Bool,
-    },
+    # only specified keys are validated, others get logged and then ignored/removed
+    "feature": FeatureSchema(
+        {
+            Optional("machine", default=False): Bool,
+        },
+    ),
     "plots": {
         "html_template": str,
         Optional("auto_open", default=False): Bool,
@@ -288,4 +327,10 @@ SCHEMA = {
         "config_dir": str,
         "config_name": str,
     },
+    "studio": {
+        "token": str,
+        "url": str,
+        "repo_url": str,
+        Optional("offline", default=False): Bool,
+    },
 }

dvc/daemon.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import logging
 import os
 import platform
 import sys
-from subprocess import Popen
+from subprocess import Popen  # nosec B404
 from typing import List
 
 from dvc.env import DVC_DAEMON
@@ -14,19 +14,26 @@ from dvc.utils import fix_env, is_binary
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-def _popen(cmd, **kwargs):
+def _suppress_resource_warning(popen: Popen):
+    """Sets the returncode to avoid ResourceWarning when popen is garbage collected."""
+    # only use for daemon processes.
+    # See https://bugs.python.org/issue38890.
+    popen.returncode = 0
+
+
+def _popen(cmd, **kwargs) -> Popen:
     prefix = [sys.executable]
     if not is_binary():
         main_entrypoint = os.path.join(
             os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)), "__main__.py"
         )
         prefix += [main_entrypoint]
-    return Popen(prefix + cmd, close_fds=True, shell=False, **kwargs)
+    return Popen(prefix + cmd, close_fds=True, shell=False, **kwargs)  # nosec B603
 
 
 def _spawn_windows(cmd, env):
     if sys.platform == "win32":
-        from subprocess import (
+        from subprocess import (  # nosec B404
             CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP,
             CREATE_NO_WINDOW,
             STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW,
@@ -40,12 +47,22 @@ def _spawn_windows(cmd, env):
         startupinfo = STARTUPINFO()
         startupinfo.dwFlags |= STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
 
-        _popen(cmd, env=env, creationflags=creationflags, startupinfo=startupinfo)
+        popen = _popen(
+            cmd, env=env, creationflags=creationflags, startupinfo=startupinfo
+        )
+        _suppress_resource_warning(popen)
 
 
 def _spawn_posix(cmd, env):
     from dvc.cli import main
 
+    # `fork` will copy buffers, so we need to flush them before forking.
+    # Otherwise, we will get duplicated outputs.
+    if sys.stdout and not sys.stdout.closed:
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+    if sys.stderr and not sys.stderr.closed:
+        sys.stderr.flush()
+
     # NOTE: using os._exit instead of sys.exit, because dvc built
     # with PyInstaller has trouble with SystemExit exception and throws
     # errors such as "[26338] Failed to execute script __main__"
@@ -72,6 +89,7 @@ def _spawn_posix(cmd, env):
     sys.stdin.close()
     sys.stdout.close()
     sys.stderr.close()
+    os.closerange(0, 3)
 
     if platform.system() == "Darwin":
         # workaround for MacOS bug

dvc/dagascii.py

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ class AsciiCanvas:
 
         self.canvas[y][x] = char
 
-    def line(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, char):  # noqa: C901
+    def line(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, char):  # noqa: C901, PLR0912
         """Create a line on ASCII canvas.
 
         Args:
@@ -213,8 +213,8 @@ def draw(vertices, edges):
     # pylint: disable=too-many-locals
     # NOTE: coordinates might me negative, so we need to shift
     # everything to the positive plane before we actually draw it.
-    Xs = []  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
-    Ys = []  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    Xs = []  # noqa: N806, pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    Ys = []  # noqa: N806, pylint: disable=invalid-name
 
     sug = _build_sugiyama_layout(vertices, edges)
 

dvc/data_cloud.py

@@ -18,10 +18,11 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class Remote:
-    def __init__(self, name: str, path: str, fs: "FileSystem", **config):
+    def __init__(self, name: str, path: str, fs: "FileSystem", *, index=None, **config):
         self.path = path
         self.fs = fs
         self.name = name
+        self.index = index
 
         self.worktree: bool = config.pop("worktree", False)
         self.config = config
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ class Remote:
         if self.worktree:
             path = self.fs.path.join(path, ".dvc", "cache")
 
-        return get_odb(self.fs, path, **self.config)
+        return get_odb(self.fs, path, hash_name="md5", **self.config)
 
 
 class DataCloud:
@@ -74,19 +75,23 @@ class DataCloud:
                     config["version_aware"] = True
 
             fs = cls(**config)
-            config["tmp_dir"] = self.repo.index_db_dir
-            return Remote(name, fs_path, fs, **config)
+            config["tmp_dir"] = self.repo.site_cache_dir
+            if self.repo.data_index is not None:
+                index = self.repo.data_index.view(("remote", name))
+            else:
+                index = None
+            return Remote(name, fs_path, fs, index=index, **config)
 
         if bool(self.repo.config["remote"]):
             error_msg = (
-                "no remote specified. Setup default remote with\n"
+                f"no remote specified in {self.repo}. Setup default remote with\n"
                 "    dvc remote default <remote name>\n"
                 "or use:\n"
-                "    dvc {} -r <remote name>".format(command)
+                f"    dvc {command} -r <remote name>"
             )
         else:
             error_msg = (
-                "no remote specified. Create a default remote with\n"
+                f"no remote specified in {self.repo}. Create a default remote with\n"
                 "    dvc remote add -d <remote name> <remote url>"
             )
 

dvc/dependency/param.py

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ import logging
 import os
 import typing
 from collections import defaultdict
-from typing import Dict, cast
+from typing import Dict
 
-import dpath.util
+import dpath
 from voluptuous import Any
 
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
@@ -87,17 +87,17 @@ class ParamsDependency(Dependency):
         if flatten:
             for param in self.params:
                 try:
-                    ret[param] = dpath.util.get(config, param, separator=".")
+                    ret[param] = dpath.get(config, param, separator=".")
                 except KeyError:
                     continue
             return ret
 
-        from dpath.util import merge
+        from dpath import merge
 
         for param in self.params:
             merge(
                 ret,
-                dpath.util.search(config, param, separator="."),
+                dpath.search(config, param, separator="."),
                 separator=".",
             )
         return ret
@@ -111,7 +111,8 @@ class ParamsDependency(Dependency):
         from funcy import ldistinct
 
         status: Dict[str, Any] = defaultdict(dict)
-        info = cast(dict, self.hash_info.value) if self.hash_info else {}
+        assert isinstance(self.hash_info.value, dict)
+        info = self.hash_info.value if self.hash_info else {}
         actual = self.read_params()
 
         # NOTE: we want to preserve the order of params as specified in the

dvc/dependency/repo.py

@@ -1,24 +1,14 @@
-import os
-from collections import defaultdict
-from copy import copy
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Optional, Union
 
 from voluptuous import Required
 
-from dvc.prompt import confirm
+from dvc.utils import as_posix
 
 from .base import Dependency
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from typing import ContextManager
-
-    from dvc.output import Output
-    from dvc.repo import Repo
+    from dvc.fs import DVCFileSystem
     from dvc.stage import Stage
-    from dvc_data.hashfile.hash_info import HashInfo
-    from dvc_data.hashfile.meta import Meta
-    from dvc_data.hashfile.obj import HashFile
-    from dvc_objects.db import ObjectDB
 
 
 class RepoDependency(Dependency):
@@ -37,10 +27,11 @@ class RepoDependency(Dependency):
 
     def __init__(self, def_repo: Dict[str, str], stage: "Stage", *args, **kwargs):
         self.def_repo = def_repo
-        self._objs: Dict[str, "HashFile"] = {}
-        self._meta: Dict[str, "Meta"] = {}
         super().__init__(stage, *args, **kwargs)
 
+        self.fs = self._make_fs()
+        self.fs_path = as_posix(self.def_path)
+
     def _parse_path(self, fs, fs_path):  # noqa: ARG002
         return None
 
@@ -52,8 +43,8 @@ class RepoDependency(Dependency):
         return f"{self.def_path} ({self.def_repo[self.PARAM_URL]})"
 
     def workspace_status(self):
-        current = self.get_obj(locked=True).hash_info
-        updated = self.get_obj(locked=False).hash_info
+        current = self._make_fs(locked=True).repo.get_rev()
+        updated = self._make_fs(locked=False).repo.get_rev()
 
         if current != updated:
             return {str(self): "update available"}
@@ -64,33 +55,18 @@ class RepoDependency(Dependency):
         return self.workspace_status()
 
     def save(self):
-        pass
+        rev = self.fs.repo.get_rev()
+        if self.def_repo.get(self.PARAM_REV_LOCK) is None:
+            self.def_repo[self.PARAM_REV_LOCK] = rev
 
     def dumpd(self, **kwargs) -> Dict[str, Union[str, Dict[str, str]]]:
         return {self.PARAM_PATH: self.def_path, self.PARAM_REPO: self.def_repo}
 
-    def download(self, to: "Output", jobs: Optional[int] = None):
-        from dvc_data.hashfile.checkout import checkout
-
-        for odb, objs in self.get_used_objs().items():
-            self.repo.cloud.pull(objs, jobs=jobs, odb=odb)
-
-        obj = self.get_obj()
-        checkout(
-            to.fs_path,
-            to.fs,
-            obj,
-            self.repo.cache.local,
-            ignore=None,
-            state=self.repo.state,
-            prompt=confirm,
-        )
-
     def update(self, rev: Optional[str] = None):
         if rev:
             self.def_repo[self.PARAM_REV] = rev
-        with self._make_repo(locked=False) as repo:
-            self.def_repo[self.PARAM_REV_LOCK] = repo.get_rev()
+        self.fs = self._make_fs(rev=rev, locked=False)
+        self.def_repo[self.PARAM_REV_LOCK] = self.fs.repo.get_rev()
 
     def changed_checksum(self) -> bool:
         # From current repo point of view what describes RepoDependency is its
@@ -98,124 +74,20 @@ class RepoDependency(Dependency):
         # immutable, hence its impossible for checksum to change.
         return False
 
-    def get_used_objs(self, **kwargs) -> Dict[Optional["ObjectDB"], Set["HashInfo"]]:
-        used, _, _ = self._get_used_and_obj(**kwargs)
-        return used
+    def _make_fs(
+        self, rev: Optional[str] = None, locked: bool = True
+    ) -> "DVCFileSystem":
+        from dvc.fs import DVCFileSystem
 
-    def _get_used_and_obj(
-        self, obj_only: bool = False, **kwargs
-    ) -> Tuple[Dict[Optional["ObjectDB"], Set["HashInfo"]], "Meta", "HashFile"]:
-        from dvc.config import NoRemoteError
-        from dvc.exceptions import NoOutputOrStageError, PathMissingError
-        from dvc.utils import as_posix
-        from dvc_data.hashfile.build import build
-        from dvc_data.hashfile.tree import Tree, TreeError
+        config = {"cache": self.repo.config["cache"]}
+        config["cache"]["dir"] = self.repo.cache.local.path
 
-        local_odb = self.repo.cache.local
-        locked = kwargs.pop("locked", True)
-        with self._make_repo(locked=locked, cache_dir=local_odb.path) as repo:
-            used_obj_ids = defaultdict(set)
-            rev = repo.get_rev()
-            if locked and self.def_repo.get(self.PARAM_REV_LOCK) is None:
-                self.def_repo[self.PARAM_REV_LOCK] = rev
-
-            if not obj_only:
-                try:
-                    for odb, obj_ids in repo.used_objs(
-                        [os.path.join(repo.root_dir, self.def_path)],
-                        force=True,
-                        jobs=kwargs.get("jobs"),
-                        recursive=True,
-                    ).items():
-                        if odb is None:
-                            odb = repo.cloud.get_remote_odb()
-                            odb.read_only = True
-                        self._check_circular_import(odb, obj_ids)
-                        used_obj_ids[odb].update(obj_ids)
-                except (NoRemoteError, NoOutputOrStageError):
-                    pass  # noqa: S110
-
-            try:
-                object_store, meta, obj = build(
-                    local_odb,
-                    as_posix(self.def_path),
-                    repo.dvcfs,
-                    local_odb.fs.PARAM_CHECKSUM,
-                )
-            except (FileNotFoundError, TreeError) as exc:
-                raise PathMissingError(
-                    self.def_path, self.def_repo[self.PARAM_URL]
-                ) from exc
-            object_store = copy(object_store)
-            object_store.read_only = True
-
-            self._objs[rev] = obj
-            self._meta[rev] = meta
-
-            used_obj_ids[object_store].add(obj.hash_info)
-            if isinstance(obj, Tree):
-                used_obj_ids[object_store].update(oid for _, _, oid in obj)
-            return used_obj_ids, meta, obj
-
-    def _check_circular_import(self, odb: "ObjectDB", obj_ids: Set["HashInfo"]) -> None:
-        from dvc.exceptions import CircularImportError
-        from dvc.fs.dvc import DVCFileSystem
-        from dvc_data.hashfile.db.reference import ReferenceHashFileDB
-        from dvc_data.hashfile.tree import Tree
-
-        if not isinstance(odb, ReferenceHashFileDB):
-            return
-
-        def iter_objs():
-            for hash_info in obj_ids:
-                if hash_info.isdir:
-                    tree = Tree.load(odb, hash_info)
-                    yield from (odb.get(hi.value) for _, _, hi in tree)
-                else:
-                    assert hash_info.value
-                    yield odb.get(hash_info.value)
-
-        checked_urls = set()
-        for obj in iter_objs():
-            if not isinstance(obj.fs, DVCFileSystem):
-                continue
-            if obj.fs.repo_url in checked_urls or obj.fs.repo.root_dir in checked_urls:
-                continue
-            self_url = self.repo.url or self.repo.root_dir
-            if (
-                obj.fs.repo_url is not None
-                and obj.fs.repo_url == self_url
-                or obj.fs.repo.root_dir == self.repo.root_dir
-            ):
-                raise CircularImportError(self, obj.fs.repo_url, self_url)
-            checked_urls.update([obj.fs.repo_url, obj.fs.repo.root_dir])
-
-    def get_obj(self, filter_info=None, **kwargs):
-        locked = kwargs.get("locked", True)
-        rev = self._get_rev(locked=locked)
-        if rev in self._objs:
-            return self._objs[rev]
-        _, _, obj = self._get_used_and_obj(
-            obj_only=True, filter_info=filter_info, **kwargs
+        return DVCFileSystem(
+            url=self.def_repo[self.PARAM_URL],
+            rev=rev or self._get_rev(locked=locked),
+            subrepos=True,
+            config=config,
         )
-        return obj
-
-    def get_meta(self, filter_info=None, **kwargs):
-        locked = kwargs.get("locked", True)
-        rev = self._get_rev(locked=locked)
-        if rev in self._meta:
-            return self._meta[rev]
-        _, meta, _ = self._get_used_and_obj(
-            obj_only=True, filter_info=filter_info, **kwargs
-        )
-        return meta
-
-    def _make_repo(self, locked: bool = True, **kwargs) -> "ContextManager[Repo]":
-        from dvc.external_repo import external_repo
-
-        d = self.def_repo
-        rev = self._get_rev(locked=locked)
-        return external_repo(d[self.PARAM_URL], rev=rev, **kwargs)
 
     def _get_rev(self, locked: bool = True):
         d = self.def_repo

dvc/dirs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import os
+
+import platformdirs
+
+from . import env
+
+APPNAME = "dvc"
+APPAUTHOR = "iterative"
+
+
+def system_config_dir():
+    return os.getenv(env.DVC_SYSTEM_CONFIG_DIR) or platformdirs.site_config_dir(
+        APPNAME, APPAUTHOR
+    )
+
+
+def global_config_dir():
+    return os.getenv(env.DVC_SYSTEM_CONFIG_DIR) or platformdirs.user_config_dir(
+        APPNAME, APPAUTHOR
+    )
+
+
+def site_cache_dir():
+    return os.getenv(env.DVC_SITE_CACHE_DIR) or platformdirs.site_cache_dir(
+        APPNAME, APPAUTHOR, opinion=True
+    )

dvc/dvcfile.py

@@ -187,11 +187,12 @@ class FileMixin:
 
 class SingleStageFile(FileMixin):
     from dvc.schema import COMPILED_SINGLE_STAGE_SCHEMA as SCHEMA
-    from dvc.stage.loader import SingleStageLoader as LOADER
+    from dvc.stage.loader import SingleStageLoader as LOADER  # noqa: N814
 
     metrics: List[str] = []
     plots: Any = {}
     params: List[str] = []
+    artifacts: Dict[str, Optional[Dict[str, Any]]] = {}
 
     @property
     def stage(self) -> "Stage":
@@ -231,7 +232,7 @@ class ProjectFile(FileMixin):
     """Abstraction for pipelines file, .yaml + .lock combined."""
 
     from dvc.schema import COMPILED_MULTI_STAGE_SCHEMA as SCHEMA
-    from dvc.stage.loader import StageLoader as LOADER
+    from dvc.stage.loader import StageLoader as LOADER  # noqa: N814
 
     @property
     def _lockfile(self):
@@ -323,6 +324,10 @@ class ProjectFile(FileMixin):
     def params(self) -> List[str]:
         return self.contents.get("params", [])
 
+    @property
+    def artifacts(self) -> Dict[str, Optional[Dict[str, Any]]]:
+        return self.contents.get("artifacts", {})
+
     def remove(self, force=False):
         if not force:
             logger.warning("Cannot remove pipeline file.")
@@ -366,7 +371,7 @@ def get_lockfile_schema(d):
 
 
 def migrate_lock_v1_to_v2(d, version_info):
-    stages = {k: v for k, v in d.items()}
+    stages = dict(d)
 
     for key in stages:
         d.pop(key)
@@ -409,11 +414,10 @@ class Lockfile(FileMixin):
             if version == LOCKFILE_VERSION.V1:
                 logger.info("Migrating lock file '%s' from v1 to v2", self.relpath)
                 migrate_lock_v1_to_v2(data, self.latest_version_info)
-            else:
-                if not data:
-                    data.update(self.latest_version_info)
-                    # order is important, meta should always be at the top
-                    logger.info("Generating lock file '%s'", self.relpath)
+            elif not data:
+                data.update(self.latest_version_info)
+                # order is important, meta should always be at the top
+                logger.info("Generating lock file '%s'", self.relpath)
 
             data["stages"] = data.get("stages", {})
             modified = data["stages"].get(stage.name, {}) != stage_data.get(

dvc/env.py

@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
+DVCLIVE_RESUME = "DVCLIVE_RESUME"
 DVC_CHECKPOINT = "DVC_CHECKPOINT"
 DVC_DAEMON = "DVC_DAEMON"
+DVC_EXP_AUTO_PUSH = "DVC_EXP_AUTO_PUSH"
+DVC_EXP_BASELINE_REV = "DVC_EXP_BASELINE_REV"
+DVC_EXP_GIT_REMOTE = "DVC_EXP_GIT_REMOTE"
+DVC_EXP_NAME = "DVC_EXP_NAME"
+DVC_GLOBAL_CONFIG_DIR = "DVC_GLOBAL_CONFIG_DIR"
+DVC_IGNORE_ISATTY = "DVC_IGNORE_ISATTY"
+DVC_NO_ANALYTICS = "DVC_NO_ANALYTICS"
 DVC_PAGER = "DVC_PAGER"
 DVC_ROOT = "DVC_ROOT"
-DVCLIVE_RESUME = "DVCLIVE_RESUME"
-DVC_IGNORE_ISATTY = "DVC_IGNORE_ISATTY"
-DVC_EXP_BASELINE_REV = "DVC_EXP_BASELINE_REV"
-DVC_EXP_NAME = "DVC_EXP_NAME"
-DVC_EXP_GIT_REMOTE = "DVC_EXP_GIT_REMOTE"
-DVC_EXP_AUTO_PUSH = "DVC_EXP_AUTO_PUSH"
-DVC_NO_ANALYTICS = "DVC_NO_ANALYTICS"
+DVC_SHOW_TRACEBACK = "DVC_SHOW_TRACEBACK"
+DVC_SITE_CACHE_DIR = "DVC_SITE_CACHE_DIR"
+DVC_STUDIO_OFFLINE = "DVC_STUDIO_OFFLINE"
+DVC_STUDIO_REPO_URL = "DVC_STUDIO_REPO_URL"
+DVC_STUDIO_TOKEN = "DVC_STUDIO_TOKEN"  # noqa: S105 # nosec B105
+DVC_STUDIO_URL = "DVC_STUDIO_URL"
+DVC_SYSTEM_CONFIG_DIR = "DVC_SYSTEM_CONFIG_DIR"

dvc/exceptions.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Exceptions raised by the dvc."""
+import errno
 from typing import Dict, List
 
 from dvc.utils import format_link
@@ -31,14 +32,19 @@ class OutputDuplicationError(DvcException):
 
         assert isinstance(output, str)
         assert all(hasattr(stage, "relpath") for stage in stages)
+        msg = ""
+        stage_names = [s.addressing for s in stages]
+        stages_str = " ".join(stage_names)
         if len(stages) == 1:
-            msg = "output '{}' is already specified in {}.".format(
-                output, first(stages)
-            )
+            stage_name = first(stages)
+            msg = f"output '{output}' is already specified in {stage_name}."
         else:
             msg = "output '{}' is already specified in stages:\n{}".format(
-                output, "\n".join(f"\t- {s.addressing}" for s in stages)
+                output, "\n".join(f"\t- {s}" for s in stage_names)
             )
+        msg += (
+            f"\nUse `dvc remove {stages_str}` to stop tracking the overlapping output."
+        )
         super().__init__(msg)
         self.stages = stages
         self.output = output
@@ -201,6 +207,18 @@ class ETagMismatchError(DvcException):
         )
 
 
+class FileExistsLocallyError(FileExistsError, DvcException):
+    def __init__(self, path, hint=None):
+        import os.path
+
+        self.path = path
+        hint = "" if hint is None else f". {hint}"
+        path_typ = "directory" if os.path.isdir(path) else "file"
+        msg = f"The {path_typ} '{path}' already exists locally{hint}"
+        super().__init__(msg)
+        self.errno = errno.EEXIST
+
+
 class FileMissingError(DvcException):
     def __init__(self, path, hint=None):
         self.path = path
@@ -333,14 +351,6 @@ class CacheLinkError(DvcException):
         self.fs_paths = fs_paths
 
 
-class CircularImportError(DvcException):
-    def __init__(self, dep, a, b):
-        super().__init__(
-            f"'{dep}' contains invalid circular import. "
-            f"DVC repo '{a}' already imports from '{b}'."
-        )
-
-
 class PrettyDvcException(DvcException):
     def __pretty_exc__(self, **kwargs):
         """Print prettier exception message."""

dvc/fs/__init__.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ from dvc.config import ConfigError as RepoConfigError
 from dvc.config_schema import SCHEMA, Invalid
 
 # pylint: disable=unused-import
-from dvc_objects.fs import utils  # noqa: F401
 from dvc_objects.fs import (  # noqa: F401
     LocalFileSystem,
     MemoryFileSystem,
@@ -17,6 +16,7 @@ from dvc_objects.fs import (  # noqa: F401
     localfs,
     registry,
     system,
+    utils,
 )
 from dvc_objects.fs.base import AnyFSPath, FileSystem  # noqa: F401
 from dvc_objects.fs.errors import (  # noqa: F401
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ def _get_cloud_fs(repo_config, **kwargs):
 
     remote_conf = get_fs_config(repo_config, **kwargs)
     try:
-        remote_conf = SCHEMA["remote"][str](remote_conf)
+        remote_conf = SCHEMA["remote"][str](remote_conf)  # type: ignore[index]
     except Invalid as exc:
         raise RepoConfigError(str(exc)) from None
 

dvc/fs/callbacks.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # pylint: disable=unused-import
 from contextlib import ExitStack
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, BinaryIO, Dict, Optional, Union, cast
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, BinaryIO, Dict, Optional, Union
 
 from dvc.utils.objects import cached_property
 from dvc_objects.fs.callbacks import (  # noqa: F401
@@ -54,7 +54,8 @@ class RichCallback(Callback):
             disable=self.disable,
             console=ui.error_console,
         )
-        return cast(RichTransferProgress, self._stack.enter_context(progress))
+        self._stack.enter_context(progress)
+        return progress
 
     @cached_property
     def task(self) -> "TaskID":

dvc/fs/dvc.py

@@ -251,12 +251,15 @@ class _DVCFileSystem(AbstractFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         try:
             return self.repo.fs.open(fs_path, mode=mode)
         except FileNotFoundError:
-            _, dvc_fs, subkey = self._get_subrepo_info(key)
+            repo, dvc_fs, subkey = self._get_subrepo_info(key)
             if not dvc_fs:
                 raise
 
         dvc_path = _get_dvc_path(dvc_fs, subkey)
-        return dvc_fs.open(dvc_path, mode=mode)
+        kw = {}
+        if kwargs.get("cache_remote_stream", False):
+            kw["cache_odb"] = repo.cache.local
+        return dvc_fs.open(dvc_path, mode=mode, **kw)
 
     def isdvc(self, path, **kwargs) -> bool:
         """Is this entry dvc-tracked?"""
@@ -265,19 +268,22 @@ class _DVCFileSystem(AbstractFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         dvc_path = _get_dvc_path(dvc_fs, subkey)
         return dvc_fs is not None and dvc_fs.isdvc(dvc_path, **kwargs)
 
-    def ls(  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+    def ls(  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ # noqa: C901
         self, path, detail=True, dvc_only=False, **kwargs
     ):
         key = self._get_key_from_relative(path)
         repo, dvc_fs, subkey = self._get_subrepo_info(key)
 
+        dvc_exists = False
         dvc_infos = {}
         if dvc_fs:
+            dvc_path = _get_dvc_path(dvc_fs, subkey)
             with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-                dvc_path = _get_dvc_path(dvc_fs, subkey)
                 for info in dvc_fs.ls(dvc_path, detail=True):
                     dvc_infos[dvc_fs.path.name(info["name"])] = info
+            dvc_exists = bool(dvc_infos) or dvc_fs.exists(dvc_path)
 
+        fs_exists = False
         fs_infos = {}
         ignore_subrepos = kwargs.get("ignore_subrepos", True)
         if not dvc_only:
@@ -289,13 +295,20 @@ class _DVCFileSystem(AbstractFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
                 ):
                     fs_infos[fs.path.name(info["name"])] = info
             except (FileNotFoundError, NotADirectoryError):
-                pass  # noqa: S110
+                pass
+
+            fs_exists = bool(fs_infos) or fs.exists(fs_path)
 
         dvcfiles = kwargs.get("dvcfiles", False)
 
         infos = []
         paths = []
         names = set(dvc_infos.keys()) | set(fs_infos.keys())
+
+        if not names and (dvc_exists or fs_exists):
+            # broken symlink or TreeError
+            raise FileNotFoundError(errno.ENOENT, os.strerror(errno.ENOENT), path)
+
         for name in names:
             if not dvcfiles and _is_dvc_file(name):
                 continue
@@ -316,7 +329,9 @@ class _DVCFileSystem(AbstractFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         ignore_subrepos = kwargs.get("ignore_subrepos", True)
         return self._info(key, path, ignore_subrepos=ignore_subrepos)
 
-    def _info(self, key, path, ignore_subrepos=True, check_ignored=True):  # noqa: C901
+    def _info(  # noqa: C901, PLR0912
+        self, key, path, ignore_subrepos=True, check_ignored=True
+    ):
         repo, dvc_fs, subkey = self._get_subrepo_info(key)
 
         dvc_info = None
@@ -359,6 +374,19 @@ class _DVCFileSystem(AbstractFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         info["name"] = path
         return info
 
+    def get_file(self, rpath, lpath, **kwargs):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        key = self._get_key_from_relative(rpath)
+        fs_path = self._from_key(key)
+        try:
+            return self.repo.fs.get_file(fs_path, lpath, **kwargs)
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            _, dvc_fs, subkey = self._get_subrepo_info(key)
+            if not dvc_fs:
+                raise
+
+        dvc_path = _get_dvc_path(dvc_fs, subkey)
+        return dvc_fs.get_file(dvc_path, lpath, **kwargs)
+
 
 class DVCFileSystem(FileSystem):
     protocol = "local"

dvc/info.py

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ SUBPROJECTS = (
     "dvc_objects",
     "dvc_render",
     "dvc_task",
-    "dvclive",
     "scmrepo",
 )
 package = "" if PKG is None else f" ({PKG})"
@@ -33,6 +32,7 @@ def get_dvc_info():
         f"Platform: Python {platform.python_version()} on {platform.platform()}",
         f"Subprojects:{_get_subprojects()}",
         f"Supports:{_get_supported_remotes()}",
+        f"Config:{_get_config_dirs()}",
     ]
 
     try:
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def get_dvc_info():
             # `dvc config cache.shared group`.
             if os.path.exists(repo.cache.local.path):
                 info.append(f"Cache types: {_get_linktype_support_info(repo)}")
-                fs_type = get_fs_type(repo.cache.local.path)
+                fs_type = _get_fs_type(repo.cache.local.path)
                 info.append(f"Cache directory: {fs_type}")
             else:
                 info.append("Cache types: " + error_link("no-dvc-cache"))
@@ -52,9 +52,10 @@ def get_dvc_info():
             info.append(f"Remotes: {_get_remotes(repo.config)}")
 
             root_directory = repo.root_dir
-            fs_root = get_fs_type(os.path.abspath(root_directory))
+            fs_root = _get_fs_type(os.path.abspath(root_directory))
             info.append(f"Workspace directory: {fs_root}")
             info.append(f"Repo: {_get_dvc_repo_info(repo)}")
+            info.append(f"Repo.site_cache_dir: {repo.site_cache_dir}")
     except NotDvcRepoError:
         pass
     except SCMError:
@@ -136,10 +137,21 @@ def _get_supported_remotes():
     return "\n\t" + ",\n\t".join(supported_remotes)
 
 
-def get_fs_type(path):
+def _get_config_dirs():
+    from dvc.config import Config
+
+    dirs = [
+        f"Global: {Config.get_dir('global')}",
+        f"System: {Config.get_dir('system')}",
+    ]
+
+    return "\n\t" + "\n\t".join(dirs)
+
+
+def _get_fs_type(path):
     partition = {}
     for part in psutil.disk_partitions(all=True):
-        if part.fstype != "":
+        if part.fstype:
             try:
                 mountpoint = pathlib.Path(part.mountpoint).resolve()
                 partition[mountpoint] = part.fstype + " on " + part.device
@@ -155,11 +167,11 @@ def get_fs_type(path):
     return ("unknown", "none")
 
 
-def _get_dvc_repo_info(self):
-    if self.config.get("core", {}).get("no_scm", False):
+def _get_dvc_repo_info(repo):
+    if repo.config.get("core", {}).get("no_scm", False):
         return "dvc (no_scm)"
 
-    if self.root_dir != self.scm.root_dir:
+    if repo.root_dir != repo.scm.root_dir:
         return "dvc (subdir), git"
 
     return "dvc, git"

dvc/lock.py

@@ -187,7 +187,9 @@ class HardlinkLock(flufl.lock.Lock, LockBase):
 
         if self._tmp_dir is not None:
             # Under Windows file path length is limited so we hash it
-            hasher = hashlib.md5(self._claimfile.encode())  # noqa: S324
+            hasher = hashlib.md5(  # nosec B324, B303  # noqa: S324
+                self._claimfile.encode()
+            )
             filename = hasher.hexdigest()
             self._claimfile = os.path.join(self._tmp_dir, filename + ".lock")
 

dvc/logger.py

@@ -3,63 +3,55 @@
 import logging
 import logging.config
 import logging.handlers
+import os
 import sys
 
 import colorama
 
+from dvc.env import DVC_SHOW_TRACEBACK
 from dvc.progress import Tqdm
 
-FOOTER = (
-    "\n{yellow}Having any troubles?{nc}"
-    " Hit us up at {blue}https://dvc.org/support{nc},"
-    " we are always happy to help!"
-).format(
-    blue=colorama.Fore.BLUE,
-    nc=colorama.Fore.RESET,
-    yellow=colorama.Fore.YELLOW,
-)
 
-
-def addLoggingLevel(levelName, levelNum, methodName=None):
+def add_logging_level(level_name, level_num, method_name=None):
     """
     Adds a new logging level to the `logging` module and the
     currently configured logging class.
 
-    Uses the existing numeric levelNum if already defined.
+    Uses the existing numeric level_num if already defined.
 
     Based on https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2183233
     """
-    if methodName is None:
-        methodName = levelName.lower()
+    if method_name is None:
+        method_name = level_name.lower()
 
     # If the level name is already defined as a top-level `logging`
     # constant, then adopt the existing numeric level.
-    if hasattr(logging, levelName):
-        existingLevelNum = getattr(logging, levelName)
-        assert isinstance(existingLevelNum, int)
-        levelNum = existingLevelNum
+    if hasattr(logging, level_name):
+        existing_level_num = getattr(logging, level_name)
+        assert isinstance(existing_level_num, int)
+        level_num = existing_level_num
 
-    def logForLevel(self, message, *args, **kwargs):
-        if self.isEnabledFor(levelNum):
+    def log_for_level(self, message, *args, **kwargs):
+        if self.isEnabledFor(level_num):
             # pylint: disable=protected-access
-            self._log(levelNum, message, args, **kwargs)
+            self._log(level_num, message, args, **kwargs)
 
-    def logToRoot(message, *args, **kwargs):
-        logging.log(levelNum, message, *args, **kwargs)
+    def log_to_root(message, *args, **kwargs):
+        logging.log(level_num, message, *args, **kwargs)
 
     # getLevelName resolves the numeric log level if already defined,
     # otherwise returns a string
-    if not isinstance(logging.getLevelName(levelName), int):
-        logging.addLevelName(levelNum, levelName)
+    if not isinstance(logging.getLevelName(level_name), int):
+        logging.addLevelName(level_num, level_name)
 
-    if not hasattr(logging, levelName):
-        setattr(logging, levelName, levelNum)
+    if not hasattr(logging, level_name):
+        setattr(logging, level_name, level_num)
 
-    if not hasattr(logging.getLoggerClass(), methodName):
-        setattr(logging.getLoggerClass(), methodName, logForLevel)
+    if not hasattr(logging.getLoggerClass(), method_name):
+        setattr(logging.getLoggerClass(), method_name, log_for_level)
 
-    if not hasattr(logging, methodName):
-        setattr(logging, methodName, logToRoot)
+    if not hasattr(logging, method_name):
+        setattr(logging, method_name, log_to_root)
 
 
 class LoggingException(Exception):
@@ -96,9 +88,10 @@ class ColorFormatter(logging.Formatter):
         "CRITICAL": colorama.Fore.RED,
     }
 
-    def __init__(self, log_colors: bool = True) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, log_colors: bool = True, show_traceback: bool = False) -> None:
         super().__init__()
         self.log_colors = log_colors
+        self.show_traceback = show_traceback
 
     def format(self, record) -> str:  # noqa: A003, C901
         record.message = record.getMessage()
@@ -116,8 +109,10 @@ class ColorFormatter(logging.Formatter):
             msg = msg + sep + cause
 
         asctime = ""
-        if _is_verbose():
+        verbose = _is_verbose()
+        if verbose:
             asctime = self.formatTime(record, self.datefmt)
+        if verbose or self.show_traceback:
             if ei and not record.exc_text:
                 record.exc_text = self.formatException(ei)
             if record.exc_text:
@@ -139,7 +134,7 @@ class ColorFormatter(logging.Formatter):
 
 
 class LoggerHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
-    def handleError(self, record):
+    def handleError(self, record):  # noqa: N802
         super().handleError(record)
         raise LoggingException(record)
 
@@ -156,8 +151,9 @@ class LoggerHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
                         self.emit_pretty_exception(exc, verbose=_is_verbose())
                         if not _is_verbose():
                             return
-                    except Exception:  # noqa, pylint: disable=broad-except
-                        pass  # noqa: S110
+                    # pylint: disable-next=broad-except
+                    except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001, S110  # nosec B110
+                        pass
 
             msg = self.format(record)
             Tqdm.write(msg, file=self.stream, end=getattr(self, "terminator", "\n"))
@@ -200,14 +196,17 @@ def setup(level: int = logging.INFO, log_colors: bool = True) -> None:
     console_debug.setFormatter(formatter)
     console_debug.addFilter(exclude_filter(logging.INFO))
 
-    addLoggingLevel("TRACE", logging.DEBUG - 5)
+    add_logging_level("TRACE", logging.DEBUG - 5)
 
     console_trace = LoggerHandler(sys.stdout)
     console_trace.setLevel(logging.TRACE)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
     console_trace.setFormatter(formatter)
     console_trace.addFilter(exclude_filter(logging.DEBUG))
 
-    err_formatter = ColorFormatter(log_colors=log_colors and sys.stderr.isatty())
+    show_traceback = bool(os.environ.get(DVC_SHOW_TRACEBACK))
+    err_formatter = ColorFormatter(
+        log_colors=log_colors and sys.stderr.isatty(), show_traceback=show_traceback
+    )
     console_errors = LoggerHandler(sys.stderr)
     console_errors.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
     console_errors.setFormatter(err_formatter)

dvc/output.py

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+import errno
 import logging
 import os
 import posixpath
 from collections import defaultdict
+from contextlib import suppress
 from operator import itemgetter
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Type, cast
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Type, Union
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
 from funcy import collecting, first, project
@@ -20,30 +22,29 @@ from dvc.exceptions import (
     RemoteCacheRequiredError,
 )
 from dvc.utils.objects import cached_property
-from dvc_data.hashfile import Tree
 from dvc_data.hashfile import check as ocheck
 from dvc_data.hashfile import load as oload
 from dvc_data.hashfile.build import build
 from dvc_data.hashfile.checkout import checkout
+from dvc_data.hashfile.db import HashFileDB, add_update_tree
 from dvc_data.hashfile.hash_info import HashInfo
 from dvc_data.hashfile.istextfile import istextfile
 from dvc_data.hashfile.meta import Meta
 from dvc_data.hashfile.transfer import transfer as otransfer
+from dvc_data.hashfile.tree import Tree, du
 from dvc_objects.errors import ObjectFormatError
 
 from .annotations import ANNOTATION_FIELDS, ANNOTATION_SCHEMA, Annotation
 from .fs import LocalFileSystem, RemoteMissingDepsError, Schemes, get_cloud_fs
-from .fs.callbacks import DEFAULT_CALLBACK
+from .fs.callbacks import DEFAULT_CALLBACK, Callback, TqdmCallback
 from .utils import relpath
 from .utils.fs import path_isin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from dvc_data.hashfile.db import HashFileDB
     from dvc_data.hashfile.obj import HashFile
     from dvc_data.index import DataIndexKey
     from dvc_objects.db import ObjectDB
 
-    from .fs.callbacks import Callback
     from .ignore import DvcIgnoreFilter
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -275,6 +276,11 @@ class OutputIsIgnoredError(DvcException):
         super().__init__(f"Path '{match.file}' is ignored by\n{lines}")
 
 
+class CheckoutCallback(TqdmCallback):
+    # disable branching for checkouts
+    branch = Callback.branch  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+
 class Output:
     IS_DEPENDENCY = False
 
@@ -312,7 +318,7 @@ class Output:
     IsStageFileError: Type[DvcException] = OutputIsStageFileError
     IsIgnoredError: Type[DvcException] = OutputIsIgnoredError
 
-    def __init__(
+    def __init__(  # noqa: PLR0913
         self,
         stage,
         path,
@@ -416,8 +422,6 @@ class Output:
 
     def _compute_meta_hash_info_from_files(self) -> None:
         if self.files:
-            from dvc_data.hashfile.db import HashFileDB
-
             tree = Tree.from_list(self.files, hash_name=self.hash_name)
             tree.digest(with_meta=True)
             self.odb = HashFileDB(tree.fs, tree.path + ".odb")
@@ -426,7 +430,7 @@ class Output:
             self.hash_info = tree.hash_info
             self.meta.isdir = True
             self.meta.nfiles = len(self.files)
-            self.meta.size = sum(f.get("size") for f in self.files)
+            self.meta.size = sum(filter(None, (f.get("size") for f in self.files)))
             self.meta.remote = first(f.get("remote") for f in self.files)
         elif self.meta.nfiles or self.hash_info and self.hash_info.isdir:
             self.meta.isdir = True
@@ -709,7 +713,7 @@ class Output:
         except _CheckoutError as exc:
             raise CheckoutError(exc.paths, {})  # noqa: B904
 
-    def commit(self, filter_info=None) -> None:
+    def commit(self, filter_info=None, relink=True) -> None:
         if not self.exists:
             raise self.DoesNotExistError(self)
 
@@ -719,8 +723,11 @@ class Output:
             granular = (
                 self.is_dir_checksum and filter_info and filter_info != self.fs_path
             )
+            # NOTE: trying to use hardlink during transfer only if we will be
+            # relinking later
+            hardlink = relink
             if granular:
-                obj = self._commit_granular_dir(filter_info)
+                obj = self._commit_granular_dir(filter_info, hardlink)
             else:
                 staging, _, obj = build(
                     self.cache,
@@ -734,41 +741,46 @@ class Output:
                     self.cache,
                     {obj.hash_info},
                     shallow=False,
-                    hardlink=True,
+                    hardlink=hardlink,
                 )
-            self._checkout(
-                filter_info or self.fs_path,
-                self.fs,
-                obj,
-                self.cache,
-                relink=True,
-                state=self.repo.state,
-                prompt=prompt.confirm,
-            )
-            self.set_exec()
+            if relink:
+                rel = self.fs.path.relpath(filter_info or self.fs_path)
+                with CheckoutCallback(desc=f"Checking out {rel}", unit="files") as cb:
+                    self._checkout(
+                        filter_info or self.fs_path,
+                        self.fs,
+                        obj,
+                        self.cache,
+                        relink=True,
+                        state=self.repo.state,
+                        prompt=prompt.confirm,
+                        progress_callback=cb,
+                    )
+                self.set_exec()
 
-    def _commit_granular_dir(self, filter_info) -> Optional["HashFile"]:
+    def _commit_granular_dir(self, filter_info, hardlink) -> Optional["HashFile"]:
         prefix = self.fs.path.parts(self.fs.path.relpath(filter_info, self.fs_path))
-        staging, _, save_obj = build(
+        staging, _, obj = build(
             self.cache,
             self.fs_path,
             self.fs,
             self.hash_name,
             ignore=self.dvcignore,
         )
-        save_obj = cast(Tree, save_obj)
-        save_obj = cast(Tree, save_obj.filter(prefix))
+        assert isinstance(obj, Tree)
+        save_obj = obj.filter(prefix)
+        assert isinstance(save_obj, Tree)
         checkout_obj = save_obj.get_obj(self.cache, prefix)
         otransfer(
             staging,
             self.cache,
             {save_obj.hash_info} | {oid for _, _, oid in save_obj},
             shallow=True,
-            hardlink=True,
+            hardlink=hardlink,
         )
         return checkout_obj
 
-    def dumpd(self, **kwargs):  # noqa: C901
+    def dumpd(self, **kwargs):  # noqa: C901, PLR0912
         ret: Dict[str, Any] = {}
         with_files = (
             (not self.IS_DEPENDENCY or self.stage.is_import)
@@ -822,7 +834,7 @@ class Output:
         if with_files:
             obj = self.obj or self.get_obj()
             if obj:
-                obj = cast("Tree", obj)
+                assert isinstance(obj, Tree)
                 ret[self.PARAM_FILES] = [
                     split_file_meta_from_cloud(f)
                     for f in _serialize_tree_obj_to_files(obj)
@@ -870,7 +882,7 @@ class Output:
         fs_path = self.fs.path
         if filter_info and filter_info != self.fs_path:
             prefix = fs_path.relparts(filter_info, self.fs_path)
-            obj = cast(Tree, obj)
+            assert isinstance(obj, Tree)
             obj = obj.get_obj(self.cache, prefix)
 
         return obj
@@ -885,9 +897,16 @@ class Output:
         checkpoint_reset: bool = False,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> Optional[Tuple[bool, Optional[bool]]]:
+        # callback passed act as a aggregate callback.
+        # do not let checkout to call set_size and change progressbar.
+        class CallbackProxy(Callback):
+            def relative_update(self, inc: int = 1) -> None:
+                progress_callback.relative_update(inc)
+                return super().relative_update(inc)
+
+        callback = CallbackProxy()
         if not self.use_cache:
-            if progress_callback != DEFAULT_CALLBACK:
-                progress_callback.relative_update(self.get_files_number(filter_info))
+            callback.relative_update(self.get_files_number(filter_info))
             return None
 
         obj = self.get_obj(filter_info=filter_info)
@@ -909,7 +928,7 @@ class Output:
                 obj,
                 self.cache,
                 force=force,
-                progress_callback=progress_callback,
+                progress_callback=callback,
                 relink=relink,
                 state=self.repo.state,
                 prompt=prompt.confirm,
@@ -1002,7 +1021,7 @@ class Output:
         if self.exists:
             self.cache.unprotect(self.fs_path)
 
-    def get_dir_cache(self, **kwargs):
+    def get_dir_cache(self, **kwargs) -> Optional["Tree"]:
         if not self.is_dir_checksum:
             raise DvcException("cannot get dir cache for file checksum")
 
@@ -1012,17 +1031,21 @@ class Output:
         except FileNotFoundError:
             if self.remote:
                 kwargs["remote"] = self.remote
-            self.repo.cloud.pull([obj.hash_info], **kwargs)
+            with suppress(Exception):
+                self.repo.cloud.pull([obj.hash_info], **kwargs)
 
         if self.obj:
+            assert isinstance(self.obj, Tree)
             return self.obj
 
         try:
-            self.obj = oload(self.cache, self.hash_info)
+            obj = oload(self.cache, self.hash_info)
+            assert isinstance(obj, Tree)
         except (FileNotFoundError, ObjectFormatError):
-            self.obj = None
+            obj = None
 
-        return self.obj
+        self.obj = obj
+        return obj
 
     def _collect_used_dir_cache(
         self, remote=None, force=False, jobs=None, filter_info=None
@@ -1052,12 +1075,12 @@ class Output:
             return None
 
         obj = self.get_obj()
+        assert obj is None or isinstance(obj, Tree)
         if filter_info and filter_info != self.fs_path:
             assert obj
             prefix = self.fs.path.parts(self.fs.path.relpath(filter_info, self.fs_path))
-            obj = cast(Tree, obj)
             return obj.filter(prefix)
-        return cast(Tree, obj)
+        return obj
 
     def get_used_objs(  # noqa: C901
         self, **kwargs
@@ -1069,9 +1092,7 @@ class Output:
 
         push: bool = kwargs.pop("push", False)
         if self.stage.is_repo_import:
-            if push:
-                return {}
-            return self.get_used_external(**kwargs)
+            return {}
 
         if push and not self.can_push:
             return {}
@@ -1123,15 +1144,6 @@ class Output:
                 oids.add(oid)
         return oids
 
-    def get_used_external(
-        self, **kwargs
-    ) -> Dict[Optional["ObjectDB"], Set["HashInfo"]]:
-        if not self.use_cache or not self.stage.is_repo_import:
-            return {}
-
-        (dep,) = self.stage.deps
-        return dep.get_used_objs(**kwargs)
-
     def _validate_output_path(self, path, stage=None):
         from dvc.dvcfile import is_valid_filename
 
@@ -1169,7 +1181,7 @@ class Output:
 
     def merge(self, ancestor, other, allowed=None):
         from dvc_data.hashfile.tree import MergeError as TreeMergeError
-        from dvc_data.hashfile.tree import du, merge
+        from dvc_data.hashfile.tree import merge
 
         assert other
 
@@ -1202,6 +1214,167 @@ class Output:
             nfiles=len(merged),
         )
 
+    def unstage(self, path: str) -> Tuple["Meta", "Tree"]:
+        from pygtrie import Trie
+
+        from dvc_objects.fs.path import Path
+
+        assert isinstance(self.fs.path, Path)
+        rel_key = tuple(self.fs.path.parts(self.fs.path.relpath(path, self.fs_path)))
+
+        if self.hash_info:
+            tree = self.get_dir_cache()
+            if tree is None:
+                raise DvcException(f"could not read {self.hash_info.value!r}")
+        else:
+            tree = Tree()
+
+        trie = tree.as_trie()
+        assert isinstance(trie, Trie)
+
+        try:
+            del trie[rel_key:]  # type: ignore[misc]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(  # noqa: B904
+                errno.ENOENT,
+                os.strerror(errno.ENOENT),
+                self.fs.path.relpath(path),
+            )
+
+        new = tree.from_trie(trie)
+        new.digest()
+        return Meta(nfiles=len(new), isdir=True), new
+
+    def apply(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        obj: Union["Tree", "HashFile"],
+        meta: "Meta",
+    ) -> Tuple["Meta", "Tree"]:
+        from pygtrie import Trie
+
+        from dvc_objects.fs.path import Path
+
+        assert isinstance(self.fs.path, Path)
+        append_only = True
+        rel_key = tuple(self.fs.path.parts(self.fs.path.relpath(path, self.fs_path)))
+
+        if self.hash_info:
+            tree = self.get_dir_cache()
+            if tree is None:
+                raise DvcException(f"could not read {self.hash_info.value!r}")
+        else:
+            tree = Tree()
+
+        trie = tree.as_trie()
+        assert isinstance(trie, Trie)
+
+        try:
+            del trie[rel_key:]  # type: ignore[misc]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            append_only = False
+
+        items = {}
+        if isinstance(obj, Tree):
+            items = {(*rel_key, *key): (m, o) for key, m, o in obj}
+        else:
+            items = {rel_key: (meta, obj.hash_info)}
+        trie.update(items)
+
+        new = Tree.from_trie(trie)
+        new.digest()
+
+        size = self.meta.size if self.meta and self.meta.size else None
+        if append_only and size and meta.size is not None:
+            # if files were only appended, we can sum to the existing size
+            size += meta.size
+        elif self.hash_info and self.hash_info == new.hash_info:
+            # if hashes are same, sizes must have been the same
+            size = self.meta.size
+        else:
+            size = None
+
+        meta = Meta(nfiles=len(new), size=size, isdir=True)
+        return meta, new
+
+    def add(  # noqa: C901
+        self, path: Optional[str] = None, no_commit: bool = False, relink: bool = True
+    ) -> Optional["HashFile"]:
+        path = path or self.fs_path
+        if self.hash_info and not self.is_dir_checksum and self.fs_path != path:
+            raise DvcException(
+                f"Cannot modify '{self}' which is being tracked as a file"
+            )
+
+        assert self.repo
+        cache = self.cache if self.use_cache else self.repo.cache.local
+        assert isinstance(cache, HashFileDB)
+
+        new: "HashFile"
+        try:
+            assert self.hash_name
+            staging, meta, obj = build(
+                cache,
+                path,
+                self.fs,
+                self.hash_name,
+                ignore=self.dvcignore,
+                dry_run=not self.use_cache,
+            )
+        except FileNotFoundError as exc:
+            if self.fs_path == path:
+                raise self.DoesNotExistError(self) from exc
+            if not self.is_dir_checksum:
+                raise
+
+            meta, new = self.unstage(path)
+            staging, obj = None, None
+        else:
+            assert obj
+            assert staging
+            if self.fs_path != path:
+                meta, new = self.apply(path, obj, meta)
+                add_update_tree(staging, new)
+            else:
+                new = obj
+
+        self.obj = new
+        self.hash_info = self.obj.hash_info
+        self.meta = meta
+        self.files = None
+        self.ignore()
+
+        if no_commit or not self.use_cache:
+            return obj
+
+        if isinstance(new, Tree):
+            add_update_tree(cache, new)
+
+        if not obj:
+            return obj
+
+        assert staging
+        assert obj.hash_info
+        otransfer(staging, self.cache, {obj.hash_info}, hardlink=relink, shallow=False)
+
+        if relink:
+            rel = self.fs.path.relpath(path)
+            with CheckoutCallback(desc=f"Checking out {rel}", unit="files") as callback:
+                self._checkout(
+                    path,
+                    self.fs,
+                    obj,
+                    self.cache,
+                    relink=True,
+                    state=self.repo.state,
+                    prompt=prompt.confirm,
+                    progress_callback=callback,
+                )
+            self.set_exec()
+        return obj
+
     @property
     def fspath(self):
         return self.fs_path

dvc/parsing/__init__.py

@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ class ForeachDefinition:
         """Convert sequence to Mapping with keys normalized."""
         iterable = self.resolved_iterable
         if isinstance(iterable, Mapping):
-            return iterable
+            return {to_str(k): v for k, v in iterable.items()}
 
         assert isinstance(iterable, Sequence)
         if any(map(is_map_or_seq, iterable)):

dvc/parsing/context.py

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class Value(Node):
 PRIMITIVES = (int, float, str, bytes, bool)
 
 
-class Container(Node, ABC):  # noqa: B024
+class Container(Node, ABC):
     meta: Meta
     data: Union[list, dict]
     _key_transform = staticmethod(identity)

dvc/parsing/interpolate.py

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def embrace(s: str):
 
 def escape_str(value):
     if os.name == "nt":
-        from subprocess import list2cmdline
+        from subprocess import list2cmdline  # nosec B404
 
         return list2cmdline([value])
     from shlex import quote
@@ -95,16 +95,15 @@ def _(obj: bool):
 def _(obj: dict):  # noqa: C901
     from dvc.config import Config
 
-    config = Config().get("parsing", {})
+    config = Config.from_cwd().get("parsing", {})
 
     result = ""
     for k, v in flatten(obj).items():
         if isinstance(v, bool):
             if v:
                 result += f"--{k} "
-            else:
-                if config.get("bool", "store_true") == "boolean_optional":
-                    result += f"--no-{k} "
+            elif config.get("bool", "store_true") == "boolean_optional":
+                result += f"--no-{k} "
 
         elif isinstance(v, str):
             result += f"--{k} {escape_str(v)} "

dvc/parsing/versions.py

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class VersionEnum(str, enum.Enum):
         return [v.value for v in cls]
 
 
-class LOCKFILE_VERSION(VersionEnum):
+class LOCKFILE_VERSION(VersionEnum):  # noqa: N801
     V1 = "1.0"
     V2 = "2.0"
 

dvc/proc/exceptions.py

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
-
-
-class ProcessNotTerminatedError(DvcException):
-    def __init__(self, name):
-        super().__init__(f"Managed process '{name}' has not been terminated.")
-
-
-class ProcessNotFoundError(DvcException):
-    def __init__(self, name):
-        super().__init__(f"Managed process '{name}' does not exist.")
-
-
-class TimeoutExpired(DvcException):
-    def __init__(self, cmd, timeout):
-        super().__init__(f"'{cmd}' did not complete before timeout '{timeout}'")
-        self.cmd = cmd
-        self.timeout = timeout
-
-
-class UnsupportedSignalError(DvcException):
-    def __init__(self, sig):
-        super().__init__(f"Unsupported signal: {sig}")

dvc/proc/manager.py

@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-"""Serverless process manager."""
-
-import json
-import logging
-import os
-import signal
-import sys
-from typing import Generator, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
-
-from funcy.flow import reraise
-from shortuuid import uuid
-
-from .exceptions import ProcessNotTerminatedError, UnsupportedSignalError
-from .process import ManagedProcess, ProcessInfo
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-class ProcessManager:
-    """Manager for controlling background ManagedProcess(es).
-
-    Spawned process entries are kept in the manager directory until they
-    are explicitly removed (with remove() or cleanup()) so that return
-    value and log information can be accessed after a process has completed.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, wdir: Optional[str] = None):
-        self.wdir = wdir or "."
-
-    def __iter__(self) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
-        if not os.path.exists(self.wdir):
-            return
-        yield from os.listdir(self.wdir)
-
-    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> "ProcessInfo":
-        info_path = os.path.join(self.wdir, key, f"{key}.json")
-        try:
-            with open(info_path, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
-                return ProcessInfo.from_dict(json.load(fobj))
-        except FileNotFoundError:
-            raise KeyError  # noqa: B904
-
-    @reraise(FileNotFoundError, KeyError)
-    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: "ProcessInfo"):
-        info_path = os.path.join(self.wdir, key, f"{key}.json")
-        with open(info_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
-            return json.dump(value.asdict(), fobj)
-
-    def __delitem__(self, key: str) -> None:
-        from dvc.utils.fs import remove
-
-        path = os.path.join(self.wdir, key)
-        if os.path.exists(path):
-            remove(path)
-
-    def get(self, key: str, default=None):
-        try:
-            return self[key]
-        except KeyError:
-            return default
-
-    def processes(self) -> Generator[Tuple[str, "ProcessInfo"], None, None]:
-        for name in self:
-            try:
-                yield name, self[name]
-            except KeyError:
-                continue
-
-    def spawn(self, args: Union[str, List[str]], name: Optional[str] = None):
-        """Run the given command in the background."""
-        name = name or uuid()
-        pid = ManagedProcess.spawn(
-            args,
-            wdir=os.path.join(self.wdir, name),
-            name=name,
-        )
-        logger.debug(
-            "Spawned managed process '%s' (PID: '%d')",
-            name,
-            pid,
-        )
-
-    def send_signal(self, name: str, sig: int):
-        """Send `signal` to the specified named process."""
-        process_info = self[name]
-        if sys.platform == "win32" and sig not in (
-            signal.SIGTERM,
-            signal.CTRL_C_EVENT,  # pylint: disable=no-member
-            signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT,  # pylint: disable=no-member
-        ):
-            raise UnsupportedSignalError(sig)
-
-        def handle_closed_process():
-            logging.warning("Process %s had already aborted unexpectedly.", name)
-            process_info.returncode = -1
-            self[name] = process_info
-
-        if process_info.returncode is None:
-            try:
-                os.kill(process_info.pid, sig)
-            except ProcessLookupError:
-                handle_closed_process()
-                raise
-            except OSError as exc:
-                if getattr(exc, "winerror", None) == 87:
-                    handle_closed_process()
-                    raise ProcessLookupError from exc
-                raise
-
-    def terminate(self, name: str):
-        """Terminate the specified named process."""
-        self.send_signal(name, signal.SIGTERM)
-
-    def kill(self, name: str):
-        """Kill the specified named process."""
-        if sys.platform == "win32":
-            self.send_signal(name, signal.SIGTERM)
-        else:
-            self.send_signal(name, signal.SIGKILL)  # pylint: disable=no-member
-
-    def remove(self, name: str, force: bool = False):
-        """Remove the specified named process from this manager.
-
-        If the specified process is still running, it will be forcefully killed
-        if `force` is True`, otherwise an exception will be raised.
-
-        Raises:
-            ProcessNotTerminatedError if the specified process is still
-            running and was not forcefully killed.
-        """
-        try:
-            process_info = self[name]
-        except KeyError:
-            return
-        if process_info.returncode is None and not force:
-            raise ProcessNotTerminatedError(name)
-        try:
-            self.kill(name)
-        except ProcessLookupError:
-            pass
-        del self[name]
-
-    def cleanup(self, force: bool = False):
-        """Remove stale (terminated) processes from this manager."""
-        for name in self:
-            try:
-                self.remove(name, force)
-            except ProcessNotTerminatedError:
-                continue

dvc/proc/process.py

@@ -1,179 +0,0 @@
-import json
-import logging
-import os
-import shlex
-import subprocess
-from contextlib import AbstractContextManager
-from dataclasses import asdict, dataclass
-from typing import BinaryIO, List, Optional, Union
-
-from shortuuid import uuid
-
-from dvc.utils.objects import cached_property
-
-from .exceptions import TimeoutExpired
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-@dataclass
-class ProcessInfo:
-    pid: int
-    stdin: Optional[str]
-    stdout: Optional[str]
-    stderr: Optional[str]
-    returncode: Optional[int]
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, d):
-        return cls(**d)
-
-    def asdict(self):
-        return asdict(self)
-
-
-class ManagedProcess(AbstractContextManager):
-    """Run the specified command with redirected output.
-
-    stdout and stderr will both be redirected to <name>.out.
-    Interactive processes (requiring stdin input) are currently unsupported.
-
-    Parameters:
-        args: Command to be run.
-        wdir: If specified, redirected output files will be placed in `wdir`.
-        name: Name to use for this process, if not specified a UUID will be
-            generated instead.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        args: Union[str, List[str]],
-        wdir: Optional[str] = None,
-        name: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        self.args: List[str] = (
-            shlex.split(args, posix=os.name == "posix")
-            if isinstance(args, str)
-            else list(args)
-        )
-        self.wdir = wdir
-        self.name = name or uuid()
-        self.returncode: Optional[int] = None
-        self._stdout: Optional[BinaryIO] = None
-        self._stderr: Optional[BinaryIO] = None
-
-        self._run()
-
-    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
-        self.wait()
-
-    def _close_fds(self):
-        if self._stdout:
-            self._stdout.close()
-            self._stdout = None
-        if self._stderr:
-            self._stderr.close()
-            self._stderr = None
-
-    def _make_path(self, path: str) -> str:
-        return os.path.join(self.wdir, path) if self.wdir else path
-
-    @cached_property
-    def stdout_path(self) -> str:
-        return self._make_path(f"{self.name}.out")
-
-    @cached_property
-    def info_path(self) -> str:
-        return self._make_path(f"{self.name}.json")
-
-    @cached_property
-    def pidfile_path(self) -> str:
-        return self._make_path(f"{self.name}.pid")
-
-    @property
-    def info(self) -> "ProcessInfo":
-        return ProcessInfo(
-            pid=self.pid,
-            stdin=None,
-            stdout=self.stdout_path,
-            stderr=None,
-            returncode=self.returncode,
-        )
-
-    def _make_wdir(self):
-        if self.wdir:
-            os.makedirs(self.wdir, exist_ok=True)
-
-    def _dump(self):
-        self._make_wdir()
-        with open(self.info_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
-            json.dump(self.info.asdict(), fobj)
-        with open(self.pidfile_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
-            fobj.write(str(self.pid))
-
-    def _run(self) -> None:
-        self._make_wdir()
-        logger.debug(
-            "Appending output to '%s'",
-            self.stdout_path,
-        )
-        self._stdout = open(self.stdout_path, "ab")  # noqa: SIM115
-        try:
-            self._proc = subprocess.Popen(
-                self.args,
-                stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-                stdout=self._stdout,
-                stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
-                close_fds=True,
-                shell=False,
-            )
-            self.pid: int = self._proc.pid
-            self._dump()
-        except Exception:
-            if self._proc is not None:
-                self._proc.kill()
-            self._close_fds()
-            raise
-
-    def wait(self, timeout: Optional[int] = None) -> Optional[int]:
-        """Block until a process started with `run` has completed.
-
-        Raises:
-            TimeoutExpired if `timeout` was set and the process
-            did not terminate after `timeout` seconds.
-        """
-        if self.returncode is not None:
-            return self.returncode
-        try:
-            self._proc.wait(timeout=timeout)
-        except subprocess.TimeoutExpired as exc:
-            raise TimeoutExpired(exc.cmd, exc.timeout) from exc
-        self.returncode = self._proc.returncode
-        self._close_fds()
-        self._dump()
-        return self.returncode
-
-    @classmethod
-    def spawn(cls, *args, **kwargs) -> Optional[int]:
-        """Spawn a ManagedProcess command in the background.
-
-        Returns: The spawned process PID.
-        """
-        import multiprocessing as mp
-
-        proc = mp.Process(
-            target=cls._spawn,
-            args=args,
-            kwargs=kwargs,
-            daemon=True,
-        )
-        proc.start()
-        # Do not terminate the child daemon when the main process exits
-        # pylint: disable=protected-access
-        mp.process._children.discard(proc)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-        return proc.pid
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _spawn(cls, *args, **kwargs):
-        with cls(*args, **kwargs):
-            pass

dvc/progress.py

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class Tqdm(tqdm):
         "miniters": 1,
     }
 
-    def __init__(
+    def __init__(  # noqa: PLR0913
         self,
         iterable=None,
         disable=None,

dvc/render/convert.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import json
 from collections import defaultdict
 from typing import Dict, List, Union
 
@@ -29,20 +28,20 @@ def _group_by_rev(datapoints):
 
 
 def to_json(renderer, split: bool = False) -> List[Dict]:
-    from copy import deepcopy
-
     if renderer.TYPE == "vega":
-        grouped = _group_by_rev(deepcopy(renderer.datapoints))
+        grouped = _group_by_rev(renderer.datapoints)
         if split:
-            content = renderer.get_filled_template(skip_anchors=["data"])
+            content = renderer.get_filled_template(
+                skip_anchors=["data"], as_string=False
+            )
         else:
-            content = renderer.get_filled_template()
+            content = renderer.get_filled_template(as_string=False)
         if grouped:
             return [
                 {
                     TYPE_KEY: renderer.TYPE,
                     REVISIONS_KEY: sorted(grouped.keys()),
-                    "content": json.loads(content),
+                    "content": content,
                     "datapoints": grouped,
                 }
             ]

dvc/render/converter/vega.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from copy import deepcopy
+import os
 from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
 
 from funcy import first, last
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ def _verify_field(file2datapoints: Dict[str, List], filename: str, field: str):
         datapoint = first(file2datapoints[filename])
         if field not in datapoint:
             raise FieldNotFoundError(field, datapoint.keys())
-    return
 
 
 def _get_xs(properties: Dict, file2datapoints: Dict[str, List[Dict]]):
@@ -194,7 +193,7 @@ class VegaConverter(Converter):
             return first(fields)
         return "x"
 
-    def flat_datapoints(self, revision):  # noqa: C901
+    def flat_datapoints(self, revision):  # noqa: C901, PLR0912
         file2datapoints, properties = self.convert()
 
         props_update = {}
@@ -222,7 +221,13 @@ class VegaConverter(Converter):
             )
 
         all_datapoints = []
-        all_y_fields = {y_field for _, y_field in ys}
+        if ys:
+            all_y_files, all_y_fields = list(zip(*ys))
+            all_y_fields = set(all_y_fields)
+            all_y_files = set(all_y_files)
+        else:
+            all_y_files = set()
+            all_y_fields = set()
 
         # override to unified y field name if there are different y fields
         if len(all_y_fields) > 1:
@@ -230,10 +235,16 @@ class VegaConverter(Converter):
         else:
             props_update["y"] = first(all_y_fields)
 
+        # get common prefix to drop from file names
+        if len(all_y_files) > 1:
+            common_prefix_len = len(os.path.commonpath(all_y_files))
+        else:
+            common_prefix_len = 0
+
         for i, (y_file, y_field) in enumerate(ys):
             if num_xs > 1:
                 x_file, x_field = xs[i]
-            datapoints = deepcopy(file2datapoints.get(y_file, []))
+            datapoints = [{**d} for d in file2datapoints.get(y_file, [])]
 
             if props_update.get("y", None) == "dvc_inferred_y_value":
                 _update_from_field(
@@ -259,12 +270,13 @@ class VegaConverter(Converter):
                         "They have to have same length."
                     )
 
+            y_file_short = y_file[common_prefix_len:].strip("/\\")
             _update_all(
                 datapoints,
                 update_dict={
                     VERSION_FIELD: {
                         "revision": revision,
-                        FILENAME_FIELD: y_file,
+                        FILENAME_FIELD: y_file_short,
                         "field": y_field,
                     }
                 },

dvc/render/match.py

@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
+import os
 from collections import defaultdict
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, DefaultDict, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional
 
+import dpath
 import dpath.options
-import dpath.util
-from funcy import last
+from funcy import get_in, last
 
-from dvc.repo.plots import infer_data_sources
+from dvc.repo.plots import _normpath, infer_data_sources
 from dvc.utils.plots import get_plot_id
 
 from .convert import _get_converter
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from dvc.types import StrPath
+    from dvc_render.base import Renderer
+
 
 dpath.options.ALLOW_EMPTY_STRING_KEYS = True
 
@@ -43,35 +46,48 @@ class PlotsData:
 
     def get_definition_data(self, target_files, rev):
         result = {}
-        for file in target_files:
+        for definition_file in target_files:
+            if os.name == "nt":
+                source_file = _normpath(definition_file).replace("\\", "/")
+            else:
+                source_file = definition_file
             file_content = (
                 self.data.get(rev, {})
                 .get("sources", {})
                 .get("data", {})
-                .get(file, {})
+                .get(source_file, {})
                 .get("data", {})
             )
             if file_content:
-                result[file] = file_content
-
+                result[definition_file] = file_content
         return result
 
 
-def match_defs_renderers(
+class RendererWithErrors(NamedTuple):
+    renderer: "Renderer"
+    source_errors: Dict[str, Dict[str, Exception]]
+    definition_errors: Dict[str, Exception]
+
+
+def match_defs_renderers(  # noqa: C901, PLR0912
     data,
     out=None,
     templates_dir: Optional["StrPath"] = None,
-):
+) -> List[RendererWithErrors]:
     from dvc_render import ImageRenderer, VegaRenderer
 
     plots_data = PlotsData(data)
     renderers = []
     renderer_cls = None
+
     for plot_id, group in plots_data.group_definitions().items():
         plot_datapoints: List[Dict] = []
         props = _squash_plots_properties(group)
         final_props: Dict = {}
 
+        def_errors: Dict[str, Exception] = {}
+        src_errors: DefaultDict[str, Dict[str, Exception]] = defaultdict(dict)
+
         if out is not None:
             props["out"] = out
         if templates_dir is not None:
@@ -90,13 +106,24 @@ def match_defs_renderers(
 
             converter = _get_converter(renderer_cls, inner_id, props, definitions_data)
 
-            dps, rev_props = converter.flat_datapoints(rev)
+            for src in plot_sources:
+                if error := get_in(data, [rev, "sources", "data", src, "error"]):
+                    src_errors[rev][src] = error
+
+            try:
+                dps, rev_props = converter.flat_datapoints(rev)
+            except Exception as e:  # noqa: BLE001, pylint: disable=broad-except
+                def_errors[rev] = e
+                continue
+
             if not final_props and rev_props:
                 final_props = rev_props
             plot_datapoints.extend(dps)
 
         if "title" not in final_props:
             final_props["title"] = renderer_id
+
         if renderer_cls is not None:
-            renderers.append(renderer_cls(plot_datapoints, renderer_id, **final_props))
+            renderer = renderer_cls(plot_datapoints, renderer_id, **final_props)
+            renderers.append(RendererWithErrors(renderer, dict(src_errors), def_errors))
     return renderers

dvc/repo/__init__.py

@@ -3,10 +3,17 @@ import os
 from collections import defaultdict
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from functools import wraps
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Callable,
+    ContextManager,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
 
-from dvc.exceptions import FileMissingError
-from dvc.exceptions import IsADirectoryError as DvcIsADirectoryError
 from dvc.exceptions import NotDvcRepoError, OutputNotFoundError
 from dvc.ignore import DvcIgnoreFilter
 from dvc.utils import env2bool
@@ -14,7 +21,7 @@ from dvc.utils.fs import path_isin
 from dvc.utils.objects import cached_property
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from dvc.fs import FileSystem, GitFileSystem
+    from dvc.fs import FileSystem
     from dvc.fs.data import DataFileSystem
     from dvc.fs.dvc import DVCFileSystem
     from dvc.lock import LockBase
@@ -23,6 +30,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from dvc.stage import Stage
     from dvc.types import DictStrAny
     from dvc_data.hashfile.state import StateBase
+    from dvc_data.index import DataIndex
 
     from .experiments import Experiments
     from .index import Index
@@ -99,17 +107,15 @@ class Repo:
         fs: Optional["FileSystem"] = None,
         uninitialized: bool = False,
         scm: Optional[Union["Git", "NoSCM"]] = None,
-    ) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]]:
+    ) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str]]:
         from dvc.fs import localfs
         from dvc.scm import SCM, SCMError
 
         dvc_dir: Optional[str] = None
-        tmp_dir: Optional[str] = None
         try:
             root_dir = self.find_root(root_dir, fs)
             fs = fs or localfs
             dvc_dir = fs.path.join(root_dir, self.DVC_DIR)
-            tmp_dir = fs.path.join(dvc_dir, "tmp")
         except NotDvcRepoError:
             if not uninitialized:
                 raise
@@ -117,6 +123,8 @@ class Repo:
             if not scm:
                 try:
                     scm = SCM(root_dir or os.curdir)
+                    if scm.dulwich.repo.bare:
+                        raise NotDvcRepoError(f"{scm.root_dir} is a bare git repo")
                 except SCMError:
                     scm = SCM(os.curdir, no_scm=True)
 
@@ -124,33 +132,9 @@ class Repo:
                 root_dir = scm.root_dir
 
         assert root_dir
-        return root_dir, dvc_dir, tmp_dir
+        return root_dir, dvc_dir
 
-    def _get_database_dir(self, db_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
-        # NOTE: by default, store SQLite-based remote indexes and state's
-        # `links` and `md5s` caches in the repository itself to avoid any
-        # possible state corruption in 'shared cache dir' scenario, but allow
-        # user to override this through config when, say, the repository is
-        # located on a mounted volume — see
-        # https://github.com/iterative/dvc/issues/4420
-        base_db_dir = self.config.get(db_name, {}).get("dir", None)
-        if not base_db_dir:
-            return self.tmp_dir
-
-        import hashlib
-
-        root_dir_hash = hashlib.sha224(self.root_dir.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
-
-        db_dir = self.fs.path.join(
-            base_db_dir,
-            self.DVC_DIR,
-            f"{self.fs.path.name(self.root_dir)}-{root_dir_hash[0:7]}",
-        )
-
-        self.fs.makedirs(db_dir, exist_ok=True)
-        return db_dir
-
-    def __init__(
+    def __init__(  # noqa: PLR0915
         self,
         root_dir: Optional[str] = None,
         fs: Optional["FileSystem"] = None,
@@ -167,6 +151,7 @@ class Repo:
         from dvc.data_cloud import DataCloud
         from dvc.fs import GitFileSystem, LocalFileSystem, localfs
         from dvc.lock import LockNoop, make_lock
+        from dvc.repo.artifacts import Artifacts
         from dvc.repo.metrics import Metrics
         from dvc.repo.params import Params
         from dvc.repo.plots import Plots
@@ -179,6 +164,7 @@ class Repo:
         self._fs_conf = {"repo_factory": repo_factory}
         self._fs = fs or localfs
         self._scm = scm
+        self._data_index = None
 
         if rev and not fs:
             self._scm = scm = SCM(root_dir or os.curdir)
@@ -187,8 +173,10 @@ class Repo:
 
         self.root_dir: str
         self.dvc_dir: Optional[str]
-        self.tmp_dir: Optional[str]
-        self.root_dir, self.dvc_dir, self.tmp_dir = self._get_repo_dirs(
+        (
+            self.root_dir,
+            self.dvc_dir,
+        ) = self._get_repo_dirs(
             root_dir=root_dir,
             fs=self.fs,
             uninitialized=uninitialized,
@@ -211,19 +199,19 @@ class Repo:
             self.lock = LockNoop()
             self.state = StateNoop()
             self.cache = CacheManager(self)
-            self.tmp_dir = None
         else:
-            self.fs.makedirs(cast(str, self.tmp_dir), exist_ok=True)
-
             if isinstance(self.fs, LocalFileSystem):
+                assert self.tmp_dir
+                self.fs.makedirs(self.tmp_dir, exist_ok=True)
+
                 self.lock = make_lock(
                     self.fs.path.join(self.tmp_dir, "lock"),
                     tmp_dir=self.tmp_dir,
                     hardlink_lock=self.config["core"].get("hardlink_lock", False),
                     friendly=True,
                 )
-                state_db_dir = self._get_database_dir("state")
-                self.state = State(self.root_dir, state_db_dir, self.dvcignore)
+                os.makedirs(self.site_cache_dir, exist_ok=True)
+                self.state = State(self.root_dir, self.site_cache_dir, self.dvcignore)
             else:
                 self.lock = LockNoop()
                 self.state = StateNoop()
@@ -237,6 +225,7 @@ class Repo:
         self.metrics: Metrics = Metrics(self)
         self.plots: Plots = Plots(self)
         self.params: Params = Params(self)
+        self.artifacts: Artifacts = Artifacts(self)
 
         self.stage_collection_error_handler: Optional[
             Callable[[str, Exception], None]
@@ -246,6 +235,41 @@ class Repo:
     def __str__(self):
         return self.url or self.root_dir
 
+    @cached_property
+    def local_dvc_dir(self):
+        from dvc.fs import GitFileSystem, LocalFileSystem
+
+        if not self.dvc_dir:
+            return None
+
+        if isinstance(self.fs, LocalFileSystem):
+            return self.dvc_dir
+
+        if not isinstance(self.fs, GitFileSystem):
+            return None
+
+        relparts = ()
+        if self.root_dir != "/":
+            # subrepo
+            relparts = self.fs.path.relparts(self.root_dir, "/")
+
+        dvc_dir = os.path.join(
+            self.scm.root_dir,
+            *relparts,
+            self.DVC_DIR,
+        )
+        if os.path.exists(dvc_dir):
+            return dvc_dir
+
+        return None
+
+    @cached_property
+    def tmp_dir(self):
+        if self.local_dvc_dir is None:
+            return None
+
+        return os.path.join(self.local_dvc_dir, "tmp")
+
     @cached_property
     def index(self) -> "Index":
         from dvc.repo.index import Index
@@ -263,18 +287,9 @@ class Repo:
 
     @staticmethod
     def open(url, *args, **kwargs):  # noqa: A003
-        if url is None:
-            url = os.getcwd()
+        from .open_repo import open_repo
 
-        if os.path.exists(url):
-            try:
-                return Repo(url, *args, **kwargs)
-            except NotDvcRepoError:
-                pass  # fallthrough to external_repo
-
-        from dvc.external_repo import external_repo
-
-        return external_repo(url, *args, **kwargs)
+        return open_repo(url, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @cached_property
     def scm(self) -> Union["Git", "NoSCM"]:
@@ -304,7 +319,7 @@ class Repo:
         return DvcIgnoreFilter(self.fs, self.root_dir)
 
     def get_rev(self):
-        from dvc.fs import LocalFileSystem
+        from dvc.fs import GitFileSystem, LocalFileSystem
 
         assert self.scm
         if isinstance(self.fs, LocalFileSystem):
@@ -312,7 +327,8 @@ class Repo:
 
             with map_scm_exception():
                 return self.scm.get_rev()
-        return cast("GitFileSystem", self.fs).rev
+        assert isinstance(self.fs, GitFileSystem)
+        return self.fs.rev
 
     @cached_property
     def experiments(self) -> "Experiments":
@@ -341,6 +357,17 @@ class Repo:
         # fs.
         self._reset()
 
+    @property
+    def data_index(self) -> "DataIndex":
+        from dvc_data.index import DataIndex
+
+        if self._data_index is None:
+            index_dir = os.path.join(self.site_cache_dir, "index", "data")
+            os.makedirs(index_dir, exist_ok=True)
+            self._data_index = DataIndex.open(os.path.join(index_dir, "db.db"))
+
+        return self._data_index
+
     def __repr__(self):
         return f"{self.__class__.__name__}: '{self.root_dir}'"
 
@@ -374,9 +401,12 @@ class Repo:
         raise NotDvcRepoError(msg)
 
     @classmethod
-    def find_dvc_dir(cls, root=None) -> str:
-        root_dir = cls.find_root(root)
-        return os.path.join(root_dir, cls.DVC_DIR)
+    def find_dvc_dir(cls, root=None, fs=None) -> str:
+        from dvc.fs import localfs
+
+        fs = fs or localfs
+        root_dir = cls.find_root(root, fs=fs)
+        return fs.path.join(root_dir, cls.DVC_DIR)
 
     @staticmethod
     def init(root_dir=os.curdir, no_scm=False, force=False, subdir=False) -> "Repo":
@@ -402,7 +432,12 @@ class Repo:
 
         return brancher(self, *args, **kwargs)
 
-    def used_objs(
+    def switch(self, rev: str) -> ContextManager[str]:
+        from dvc.repo.brancher import switch
+
+        return switch(self, rev)
+
+    def used_objs(  # noqa: PLR0913
         self,
         targets=None,
         all_branches=False,
@@ -515,59 +550,54 @@ class Repo:
         return DVCFileSystem(repo=self, subrepos=self.subrepos, **self._fs_conf)
 
     @cached_property
-    def index_db_dir(self):
-        return self._get_database_dir("index")
+    def site_cache_dir(self) -> str:
+        import getpass
+        import hashlib
 
-    @contextmanager
-    def open_by_relpath(self, path, remote=None, mode="r", encoding=None):
-        """Opens a specified resource as a file descriptor"""
-        from dvc.fs.data import DataFileSystem
-        from dvc.fs.dvc import DVCFileSystem
+        from dvc.dirs import site_cache_dir
+        from dvc.fs import GitFileSystem
 
-        fs: Union["FileSystem", DataFileSystem, DVCFileSystem]
-        if os.path.isabs(path):
-            fs = DataFileSystem(index=self.index.data["local"])
-            fs_path = path
+        cache_dir = self.config["core"].get("site_cache_dir") or site_cache_dir()
+
+        if isinstance(self.fs, GitFileSystem):
+            relparts = ()
+            if self.root_dir != "/":
+                # subrepo
+                relparts = self.fs.path.relparts(self.root_dir, "/")
+            root_dir = os.path.join(self.scm.root_dir, *relparts)
         else:
-            fs = DVCFileSystem(repo=self, subrepos=True)
-            fs_path = fs.from_os_path(path)
+            root_dir = self.root_dir
 
+        repos_dir = os.path.join(cache_dir, "repo")
+
+        umask = os.umask(0)
         try:
-            if remote:
-                remote_odb = self.cloud.get_remote_odb(name=remote)
-                oid = fs.info(fs_path)["dvc_info"]["md5"]
-                fs = remote_odb.fs
-                fs_path = remote_odb.oid_to_path(oid)
+            os.makedirs(repos_dir, mode=0o777, exist_ok=True)
+        finally:
+            os.umask(umask)
 
-            with fs.open(
-                fs_path,
-                mode=mode,
-                encoding=encoding,
-            ) as fobj:
-                yield fobj
-        except FileNotFoundError as exc:
-            raise FileMissingError(path) from exc
-        except IsADirectoryError as exc:
-            raise DvcIsADirectoryError(f"'{path}' is a directory") from exc
+        md5 = hashlib.md5(  # noqa: S324  # nosec B324, B303
+            str((root_dir, getpass.getuser())).encode()
+        )
+        repo_token = md5.hexdigest()
+        return os.path.join(repos_dir, repo_token)
 
     def close(self):
         self.scm.close()
         self.state.close()
+        if self._data_index is not None:
+            self._data_index.close()
 
-    def _reset_cached_indecies(self):
+    def _reset(self):
+        self.scm._reset()  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+        self.state.close()
         self.__dict__.pop("index", None)
         self.__dict__.pop("dvcignore", None)
         self.__dict__.pop("dvcfs", None)
         self.__dict__.pop("datafs", None)
 
-    def _reset(self):
-        self.state.close()
-        self.scm._reset()  # pylint: disable=protected-access
-        self._reset_cached_indecies()
-
     def __enter__(self):
         return self
 
     def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
-        self._reset()
-        self.scm.close()
+        self.close()

dvc/repo/add.py

@@ -2,14 +2,16 @@ import logging
 import os
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from itertools import tee
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Iterator, List, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Iterator, List, NamedTuple, Optional
 
 import colorama
 
 from dvc.exceptions import (
     CacheLinkError,
+    DvcException,
     InvalidArgumentError,
     OutputDuplicationError,
+    OutputNotFoundError,
     OverlappingOutputPathsError,
     RecursiveAddingWhileUsingFilename,
 )
@@ -29,13 +31,25 @@ Stages = List["Stage"]
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-OVERLAPPING_OUTPUT_FMT = (
+class StageInfo(NamedTuple):
+    stage: "Stage"
+    output_exists: bool
+
+
+OVERLAPPING_CHILD_FMT = (
     "Cannot add '{out}', because it is overlapping with other "
     "DVC tracked output: '{parent}'.\n"
     "To include '{out}' in '{parent}', run "
     "'dvc commit {parent_stage}'"
 )
 
+OVERLAPPING_PARENT_FMT = (
+    "Cannot add '{parent}', because it is overlapping with other "
+    "DVC tracked output: '{out}'.\n"
+    "To include '{out}' in '{parent}', run "
+    "'dvc remove {out_stage}' and then 'dvc add {parent}'"
+)
+
 
 def check_recursive_and_fname(args):
     if args.recursive and args.fname:
@@ -86,11 +100,18 @@ def translate_graph_error(stages: Stages) -> Iterator[None]:
     try:
         yield
     except OverlappingOutputPathsError as exc:
-        msg = OVERLAPPING_OUTPUT_FMT.format(
-            out=exc.overlapping_out.fs_path,
-            parent=exc.parent.fs_path,
-            parent_stage=exc.parent.stage.addressing,
-        )
+        if exc.parent in [o for s in stages for o in s.outs]:
+            msg = OVERLAPPING_PARENT_FMT.format(
+                out=exc.overlapping_out,
+                parent=exc.parent,
+                out_stage=exc.overlapping_out.stage.addressing,
+            )
+        else:
+            msg = OVERLAPPING_CHILD_FMT.format(
+                out=exc.overlapping_out,
+                parent=exc.parent,
+                parent_stage=exc.parent.stage.addressing,
+            )
         raise OverlappingOutputPathsError(  # noqa: B904
             exc.parent, exc.overlapping_out, msg
         )
@@ -100,7 +121,7 @@ def translate_graph_error(stages: Stages) -> Iterator[None]:
         )
 
 
-def progress_iter(stages: Stages) -> Iterator["Stage"]:
+def progress_iter(stages: List[StageInfo]) -> Iterator["StageInfo"]:
     total = len(stages)
     desc = "Adding..."
     with ui.progress(stages, total=total, desc=desc, unit="file", leave=True) as pbar:
@@ -108,10 +129,10 @@ def progress_iter(stages: Stages) -> Iterator["Stage"]:
             pbar.bar_format = desc
             pbar.refresh()
 
-        for stage in pbar:
+        for item in pbar:
             if total > 1:
-                pbar.set_msg(f"{stage.outs[0]}")
-            yield stage
+                pbar.set_msg(f"{item.stage.outs[0]}")
+            yield item
             if total == 1:  # restore bar format for stats
                 # pylint: disable=no-member
                 pbar.bar_format = pbar.BAR_FMT_DEFAULT
@@ -148,7 +169,7 @@ VALIDATORS = (
 @validate(*VALIDATORS)
 @locked
 @scm_context
-def add(  # noqa: C901
+def add(
     repo: "Repo",
     targets: "TargetType",
     recursive: bool = False,
@@ -169,12 +190,14 @@ def add(  # noqa: C901
     desc = "Collecting targets"
     stages_it = create_stages(repo, add_targets, fname, transfer, **kwargs)
     stages = list(ui.progress(stages_it, desc=desc, unit="file"))
+
+    stages_list = [stage for stage, _ in stages]
     msg = "Collecting stages from the workspace"
-    with translate_graph_error(stages), ui.status(msg) as status:
+    with translate_graph_error(stages_list), ui.status(msg) as status:
         # remove existing stages that are to-be replaced with these
         # new stages for the graph checks.
         repo.check_graph(
-            stages=stages, callback=lambda: status.update("Checking graph")
+            stages=stages_list, callback=lambda: status.update("Checking graph")
         )
 
     odb = None
@@ -182,18 +205,18 @@ def add(  # noqa: C901
         odb = repo.cloud.get_remote_odb(kwargs.get("remote"), "add")
 
     with warn_link_failures() as link_failures:
-        for stage, source in zip(progress_iter(stages), sources):
+        for (stage, output_exists), source in zip(progress_iter(stages), sources):
+            out = stage.outs[0]
             if to_remote or to_cache:
                 stage.transfer(source, to_remote=to_remote, odb=odb, **kwargs)
             else:
                 try:
-                    stage.save()
-                    if not no_commit:
-                        stage.commit()
+                    path = out.fs.path.abspath(source) if output_exists else None
+                    stage.add_outs(path, no_commit=no_commit)
                 except CacheLinkError:
                     link_failures.append(str(stage.relpath))
             stage.dump()
-    return stages
+    return stages_list
 
 
 LARGE_DIR_RECURSIVE_ADD_WARNING = (
@@ -247,24 +270,34 @@ def create_stages(
     fname: Optional[str] = None,
     transfer: bool = False,
     external: bool = False,
+    force: bool = False,
     **kwargs: Any,
-) -> Iterator["Stage"]:
+) -> Iterator[StageInfo]:
     for target in targets:
         if kwargs.get("out"):
-            target = resolve_output(target, kwargs["out"])
+            target = resolve_output(target, kwargs["out"], force=force)
         path, wdir, out = resolve_paths(
             repo, target, always_local=transfer and not kwargs.get("out")
         )
 
-        stage = repo.stage.create(
-            single_stage=True,
-            validate=False,
-            fname=fname or path,
-            wdir=wdir,
-            outs=[out],
-            external=external,
-        )
+        try:
+            (out_obj,) = repo.find_outs_by_path(target, strict=False)
+            stage = out_obj.stage
+            if not stage.is_data_source:
+                raise DvcException(f"cannot update {out!r}: not a data source")
+            output_exists = True
+        except OutputNotFoundError:
+            stage = repo.stage.create(
+                single_stage=True,
+                validate=False,
+                fname=fname or path,
+                wdir=wdir,
+                outs=[out],
+                external=external,
+                force=force,
+            )
+            output_exists = False
 
         out_obj = stage.outs[0]
         out_obj.annot.update(**kwargs)
-        yield stage
+        yield StageInfo(stage, output_exists)

dvc/repo/artifacts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import logging
+import re
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Dict, Optional
+
+from dvc.annotations import Artifact
+from dvc.dvcfile import PROJECT_FILE
+from dvc.exceptions import InvalidArgumentError
+from dvc.repo import Repo
+from dvc.utils import relpath
+from dvc.utils.serialize import modify_yaml
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# Constants are taken from GTO.
+# When we make it a dependency, we can import them instead
+SEPARATOR_IN_NAME = ":"
+DIRNAME = r"[a-z0-9-_./]+"
+NAME = r"[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-/]*[a-z0-9])?"
+NAME_RE = re.compile(f"^{NAME}$")
+FULLNAME = f"((?P<dirname>{DIRNAME}){SEPARATOR_IN_NAME})?(?P<name>{NAME})"
+FULLNAME_RE = re.compile(f"^{FULLNAME}$")
+
+
+def name_is_compatible(name: str) -> bool:
+    return bool(NAME_RE.search(name))
+
+
+def check_name_format(name: str) -> None:
+    if not name_is_compatible(name):
+        raise InvalidArgumentError(
+            f"Can't use '{name}' as artifact name (ID)."
+            " You can use letters and numbers, and use '-' as separator"
+            " (but not at the start or end)."
+        )
+
+
+def check_for_nested_dvc_repo(dvcfile: Path):
+    if dvcfile.is_absolute():
+        raise InvalidArgumentError("Use relative path to dvc.yaml.")
+    path = dvcfile.parent
+    while path.name:
+        if (path / Repo.DVC_DIR).is_dir():
+            raise InvalidArgumentError(
+                f"Nested DVC repos like {path} are not supported."
+            )
+        path = path.parent
+
+
+class Artifacts:
+    def __init__(self, repo: "Repo") -> None:
+        self.repo = repo
+
+    def read(self) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Artifact]]:
+        artifacts: Dict[str, Dict[str, Artifact]] = {}
+        for (
+            dvcfile,
+            dvcfile_artifacts,
+        ) in self.repo.index._artifacts.items():  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+            dvcyaml = relpath(dvcfile, self.repo.root_dir)
+            artifacts[dvcyaml] = {}
+            for name, value in dvcfile_artifacts.items():
+                try:
+                    check_name_format(name)
+                except InvalidArgumentError as e:
+                    logger.warning(e.msg)
+                artifacts[dvcyaml][name] = Artifact(**value)
+        return artifacts
+
+    def add(self, name: str, artifact: Artifact, dvcfile: Optional[str] = None):
+        with self.repo.scm_context(quiet=True):
+            check_name_format(name)
+            dvcyaml = Path(dvcfile or PROJECT_FILE)
+            check_for_nested_dvc_repo(
+                dvcyaml.relative_to(self.repo.root_dir)
+                if dvcyaml.is_absolute()
+                else dvcyaml
+            )
+
+            with modify_yaml(dvcyaml) as data:
+                artifacts = data.setdefault("artifacts", {})
+                artifacts.update({name: artifact.to_dict()})
+
+            self.repo.scm_context.track_file(dvcfile)
+
+        return artifacts.get(name)

dvc/repo/brancher.py

@@ -1,7 +1,17 @@
-from typing import Optional
+import logging
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Iterator, Optional, Tuple
 
+from scmrepo.git import Git
+
+from dvc.exceptions import NotDvcRepoError
 from dvc.scm import iter_revs
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.repo import Repo
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
 
 def brancher(  # noqa: E302
     self,
@@ -60,6 +70,7 @@ def brancher(  # noqa: E302
 
     scm = self.scm
 
+    logger.trace("switching fs to workspace")  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
     self.fs = LocalFileSystem(url=self.root_dir)
     yield "workspace"
 
@@ -79,21 +90,68 @@ def brancher(  # noqa: E302
     )
 
     try:
-        from dvc.fs import GitFileSystem
-
         for sha, names in found_revs.items():
-            self._reset_cached_indecies()  # pylint: disable=W0212
-            self.fs = GitFileSystem(scm=scm, rev=sha)
-            self.root_dir = self.fs.path.join("/", *repo_root_parts)
-
-            if cwd_parts:
-                cwd = self.fs.path.join("/", *cwd_parts)  # type: ignore[unreachable]
-                self.fs.path.chdir(cwd)
-
-            # ignore revs that don't contain repo root
-            # (i.e. revs from before a subdir=True repo was init'ed)
-            if self.fs.exists(self.root_dir):
+            try:
+                _switch_fs(self, sha, repo_root_parts, cwd_parts)
                 yield sha if sha_only else ",".join(names)
+            except NotDvcRepoError:
+                # ignore revs that don't contain repo root
+                # (i.e. revs from before a subdir=True repo was init'ed)
+                pass
     finally:
         self.fs = saved_fs
         self.root_dir = saved_root
+
+
+def _switch_fs(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    rev: str,
+    repo_root_parts: Tuple[str, ...],
+    cwd_parts: Tuple[str, ...],
+):
+    from dvc.fs import GitFileSystem, LocalFileSystem
+
+    if rev == "workspace":
+        logger.trace("switching fs to workspace")  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        repo.fs = LocalFileSystem(url=repo.root_dir)
+        return
+
+    logger.trace("switching fs to revision %s", rev[:7])  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    assert isinstance(repo.scm, Git)
+    fs = GitFileSystem(scm=repo.scm, rev=rev)
+    root_dir = repo.fs.path.join("/", *repo_root_parts)
+    if not fs.exists(root_dir):
+        raise NotDvcRepoError(f"Commit '{rev[:7]}' does not contain a DVC repo")
+
+    repo.fs = fs
+    repo.root_dir = root_dir
+
+    if cwd_parts:
+        cwd = repo.fs.path.join("/", *cwd_parts)
+        repo.fs.path.chdir(cwd)
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def switch(repo: "Repo", rev: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Switch to a specific revision."""
+    from dvc.scm import resolve_rev
+
+    if rev != "workspace":
+        rev = resolve_rev(repo.scm, rev)
+
+    repo_root_parts = ()
+    if repo.fs.path.isin(repo.root_dir, repo.scm.root_dir):
+        repo_root_parts = repo.fs.path.relparts(repo.root_dir, repo.scm.root_dir)
+
+    cwd_parts = ()
+    if repo.fs.path.isin(repo.fs.path.getcwd(), repo.scm.root_dir):
+        cwd_parts = repo.fs.path.relparts(repo.fs.path.getcwd(), repo.scm.root_dir)
+
+    saved_fs = repo.fs
+    saved_root = repo.root_dir
+    try:
+        _switch_fs(repo, rev, repo_root_parts, cwd_parts)
+        yield rev
+    finally:
+        repo.fs = saved_fs
+        repo.root_dir = saved_root

dvc/repo/commit.py

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ def commit(
     force=False,
     allow_missing=False,
     data_only=False,
+    relink=True,
 ):
     stages_info = [
         info
@@ -60,6 +61,10 @@ def commit(
             if any(changes):
                 prompt_to_commit(stage, changes, force=force)
                 stage.save(allow_missing=allow_missing)
-        stage.commit(filter_info=stage_info.filter_info, allow_missing=allow_missing)
+        stage.commit(
+            filter_info=stage_info.filter_info,
+            allow_missing=allow_missing,
+            relink=relink,
+        )
         stage.dump(update_pipeline=False)
     return [s.stage for s in stages_info]

dvc/repo/data.py

@@ -13,17 +13,20 @@ from typing import (
     Union,
 )
 
+from dvc.ui import ui
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from dvc.repo import Repo
     from dvc.scm import Git, NoSCM
     from dvc_data.index import DataIndex
+    from dvc_data.index.diff import Change
 
 
 def posixpath_to_os_path(path: str) -> str:
     return path.replace(posixpath.sep, os.path.sep)
 
 
-def _adapt_typ(typ):
+def _adapt_typ(typ: str) -> str:
     from dvc_data.index.diff import ADD, DELETE, MODIFY
 
     if typ == MODIFY:
@@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ def _adapt_typ(typ):
     return typ
 
 
-def _adapt_path(change):
+def _adapt_path(change: "Change") -> str:
     isdir = False
     if change.new and change.new.meta:
         isdir = change.new.meta.isdir
@@ -54,9 +57,12 @@ def _diff(
     old: "DataIndex",
     new: "DataIndex",
     *,
-    granular: Optional[bool] = False,
-    with_missing: Optional[bool] = False,
+    granular: bool = False,
+    not_in_cache: bool = False,
+    not_in_remote: bool = False,
+    remote_refresh: bool = False,
 ) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
+    from dvc_data.index import StorageError
     from dvc_data.index.diff import UNCHANGED, UNKNOWN, diff
 
     ret: Dict[str, List[str]] = {}
@@ -91,14 +97,27 @@ def _diff(
             continue
 
         if (
-            with_missing
+            not_in_cache
             and change.old
             and change.old.hash_info
-            and not old.storage_map[change.key].cache.exists(change.old.hash_info.value)
+            and not old.storage_map.cache_exists(change.old)
         ):
             # NOTE: emulating previous behaviour
             _add_change("not_in_cache", change)
 
+        try:
+            if (
+                not_in_remote
+                and change.old
+                and change.old.hash_info
+                and not old.storage_map.remote_exists(
+                    change.old, refresh=remote_refresh
+                )
+            ):
+                _add_change("not_in_remote", change)
+        except StorageError:
+            pass
+
         _add_change(change.typ, change)
 
     return ret
@@ -143,14 +162,18 @@ def _git_info(scm: Union["Git", "NoSCM"], untracked_files: str = "all") -> GitIn
 def _diff_index_to_wtree(repo: "Repo", **kwargs: Any) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
     from .index import build_data_index
 
-    workspace = build_data_index(repo.index, repo.root_dir, repo.fs, compute_hash=True)
+    with ui.status("Building workspace index"):
+        workspace = build_data_index(
+            repo.index, repo.root_dir, repo.fs, compute_hash=True
+        )
 
-    return _diff(
-        repo.index.data["repo"],
-        workspace,
-        with_missing=True,
-        **kwargs,
-    )
+    with ui.status("Calculating diff between index/workspace"):
+        return _diff(
+            repo.index.data["repo"],
+            workspace,
+            not_in_cache=True,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
 
 
 def _diff_head_to_index(
@@ -158,17 +181,16 @@ def _diff_head_to_index(
 ) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
     index = repo.index.data["repo"]
 
-    for rev in repo.brancher(revs=[head]):
-        if rev == "workspace":
-            continue
-
+    with repo.switch(head):
         head_index = repo.index.data["repo"]
 
-    return _diff(head_index, index, **kwargs)
+    with ui.status("Calculating diff between head/index"):
+        return _diff(head_index, index, **kwargs)
 
 
 class Status(TypedDict):
     not_in_cache: List[str]
+    not_in_remote: List[str]
     committed: Dict[str, List[str]]
     uncommitted: Dict[str, List[str]]
     untracked: List[str]
@@ -195,12 +217,18 @@ def _transform_git_paths_to_dvc(repo: "Repo", files: Iterable[str]) -> List[str]
     return [repo.fs.path.relpath(file, start) for file in files]
 
 
-def status(repo: "Repo", untracked_files: str = "no", **kwargs: Any) -> Status:
+def status(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    untracked_files: str = "no",
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> Status:
     from dvc.scm import NoSCMError, SCMError
 
     head = kwargs.pop("head", "HEAD")
-    uncommitted_diff = _diff_index_to_wtree(repo, **kwargs)
-    not_in_cache = uncommitted_diff.pop("not_in_cache", [])
+    uncommitted_diff = _diff_index_to_wtree(
+        repo,
+        **kwargs,
+    )
     unchanged = set(uncommitted_diff.pop("unchanged", []))
 
     try:
@@ -215,7 +243,8 @@ def status(repo: "Repo", untracked_files: str = "no", **kwargs: Any) -> Status:
     untracked = _transform_git_paths_to_dvc(repo, untracked)
     # order matters here
     return Status(
-        not_in_cache=not_in_cache,
+        not_in_cache=uncommitted_diff.pop("not_in_cache", []),
+        not_in_remote=uncommitted_diff.pop("not_in_remote", []),
         committed=committed_diff,
         uncommitted=uncommitted_diff,
         untracked=untracked,

dvc/repo/diff.py

@@ -1,39 +1,103 @@
+import errno
 import logging
 import os
 from collections import defaultdict
-from typing import (
-    TYPE_CHECKING,
-    Any,
-    Dict,
-    Iterable,
-    Iterator,
-    List,
-    Optional,
-    Set,
-    Tuple,
-    cast,
-)
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional
 
-from dvc.exceptions import PathMissingError
 from dvc.repo import locked
-from dvc.utils.collections import ensure_list
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from dvc.fs import DVCFileSystem, FileSystem
-    from dvc.output import Output
-    from dvc.repo import Repo
-    from dvc_data.hashfile.obj import HashFile
-    from dvc_data.hashfile.tree import Tree
+from dvc.ui import ui
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+def _path(entry):
+    if entry and entry.meta and entry.meta.isdir:
+        return os.path.join(*entry.key, "")
+    return os.path.join(*entry.key)
+
+
+def _hash(entry):
+    if entry and entry.hash_info:
+        return entry.hash_info.value
+    return None
+
+
+def _diff(old, new, with_missing=False):
+    from dvc_data.index.diff import ADD, DELETE, MODIFY, RENAME
+    from dvc_data.index.diff import diff as idiff
+
+    ret: "Dict[str, List[Dict]]" = {
+        "added": [],
+        "deleted": [],
+        "modified": [],
+        "renamed": [],
+        "not in cache": [],
+    }
+
+    for change in idiff(
+        old,
+        new,
+        with_renames=True,
+        hash_only=True,
+    ):
+        if change.typ == ADD:
+            ret["added"].append(
+                {
+                    "path": _path(change.new),
+                    "hash": _hash(change.new),
+                }
+            )
+        elif change.typ == DELETE:
+            ret["deleted"].append(
+                {
+                    "path": _path(change.old),
+                    "hash": _hash(change.old),
+                }
+            )
+        elif change.typ == MODIFY:
+            ret["modified"].append(
+                {
+                    "path": _path(change.old),
+                    "hash": {
+                        "old": _hash(change.old),
+                        "new": _hash(change.new),
+                    },
+                }
+            )
+        elif change.typ == RENAME:
+            ret["renamed"].append(
+                {
+                    "path": {
+                        "old": _path(change.old),
+                        "new": _path(change.new),
+                    },
+                    "hash": _hash(change.old),
+                }
+            )
+
+        if (
+            with_missing
+            and change.old
+            and change.old.hash_info
+            and not old.storage_map.cache_exists(change.old)
+        ):
+            ret["not in cache"].append(
+                {
+                    "path": _path(change.old),
+                    "hash": _hash(change.old),
+                }
+            )
+
+    return ret if any(ret.values()) else {}
+
+
 @locked
 def diff(
     self,
     a_rev: str = "HEAD",
     b_rev: Optional[str] = None,
     targets: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    recursive: bool = False,
 ):
     """
     By default, it compares the workspace with the last commit's fs.
@@ -42,231 +106,58 @@ def diff(
     the concept of `index`, but it keeps the same interface, thus,
     `dvc diff` would be the same as `dvc diff HEAD`.
     """
-
     if self.scm.no_commits:
         return {}
 
-    from dvc.fs.dvc import DVCFileSystem
+    indexes = {}
+    missing_targets = defaultdict(set)
+    with_missing = False
+    if not b_rev:
+        b_rev = "workspace"
+        with_missing = True
 
-    dvcfs = DVCFileSystem(repo=self)
-    targets = [dvcfs.from_os_path(target) for target in ensure_list(targets)]
-
-    b_rev = b_rev if b_rev else "workspace"
-    results = {}
-    missing_targets = {}
     for rev in self.brancher(revs=[a_rev, b_rev]):
-        if rev == "workspace" and rev != b_rev:
+        if rev == "workspace" and b_rev != "workspace":
             # brancher always returns workspace, but we only need to compute
             # workspace paths/checksums if b_rev was None
             continue
 
-        targets_paths = None
-        if targets:
-            # convert targets to paths, and capture any missing targets
-            targets_paths, missing_targets[rev] = _targets_to_paths(dvcfs, targets)
+        def onerror(target, _exc):
+            # pylint: disable-next=cell-var-from-loop
+            missing_targets[rev].add(target)  # noqa: B023
 
-        results[rev] = _paths_checksums(self, targets_paths)
-
-    if targets:
-        # check for overlapping missing targets between a_rev and b_rev
-        for target in set(missing_targets[a_rev]) & set(missing_targets[b_rev]):
-            raise PathMissingError(target, self)
-
-    old = results[a_rev]
-    new = results[b_rev]
-
-    # Compare paths between the old and new fs.
-    # set() efficiently converts dict keys to a set
-    added = sorted(set(new) - set(old))
-    deleted_or_missing = set(old) - set(new)
-    if b_rev == "workspace":
-        # missing status is only applicable when diffing local workspace
-        # against a commit
-        missing = sorted(_filter_missing(dvcfs, deleted_or_missing))
-    else:
-        missing = []
-    deleted = sorted(deleted_or_missing - set(missing))
-    modified = sorted(set(old) & set(new))
-
-    # Cases when file was changed and renamed are resulted
-    # in having deleted and added record
-    # To cover such cases we need to change hashing function
-    # to produce rolling/chunking hash
-
-    renamed = _calculate_renamed(new, old, added, deleted)
-
-    for renamed_item in renamed:
-        added.remove(renamed_item["path"]["new"])
-        deleted.remove(renamed_item["path"]["old"])
-
-    ret = {
-        "added": [{"path": path, "hash": new[path]} for path in added],
-        "deleted": [{"path": path, "hash": old[path]} for path in deleted],
-        "modified": [
-            {"path": path, "hash": {"old": old[path], "new": new[path]}}
-            for path in modified
-            if old[path] != new[path]
-        ],
-        "renamed": renamed,
-        "not in cache": [{"path": path, "hash": old[path]} for path in missing],
-    }
-
-    return ret if any(ret.values()) else {}
-
-
-def _paths_checksums(
-    repo: "Repo", targets: Optional[List[str]]
-) -> Dict[str, Optional[str]]:
-    """
-    A dictionary of checksums addressed by relpaths collected from
-    the current fs outputs.
-
-    To help distinguish between a directory and a file output,
-    the former one will come with a trailing slash in the path:
-
-        directory: "data/"
-        file:      "data"
-    """
-
-    return dict(_output_paths(repo, targets))
-
-
-def _output_paths(  # noqa: C901
-    repo: "Repo", targets: Optional[List[str]]
-) -> Iterable[Tuple[str, Optional[str]]]:
-    from dvc.fs import LocalFileSystem
-    from dvc_data.hashfile.build import build
-
-    on_working_fs = isinstance(repo.fs, LocalFileSystem)
-
-    def _exists(output: "Output") -> bool:
-        if on_working_fs:
-            return output.exists
-        return True
-
-    def _to_path(output: "Output") -> str:
-        relparts = output.fs.path.relparts(output.fs_path)
-        base = os.path.join(*relparts)
-        if output.is_dir_checksum:
-            return os.path.join(base, "")
-        return base
-
-    for output in repo.index.outs:
-        if not _exists(output):
-            continue
-
-        yield_output = targets is None or any(
-            output.fs.path.isin_or_eq(output.fs_path, target) for target in targets
+        view = self.index.targets_view(
+            targets,
+            onerror=onerror,
+            recursive=recursive,
         )
 
-        obj: Optional["HashFile"]
-        if on_working_fs:
-            _, _, obj = build(
-                repo.cache.repo,
-                output.fs_path,
-                repo.cache.repo.fs,
-                "md5",
-                dry_run=True,
-                ignore=output.dvcignore,
-            )
-            hash_info = obj.hash_info
-        else:
-            hash_info = output.hash_info
-            obj = output.get_obj()
+        if rev == "workspace":
+            from .index import build_data_index
 
-        if yield_output:
-            yield _to_path(output), hash_info.value
-
-        if not obj:
-            continue
-
-        if output.is_dir_checksum and (
-            yield_output
-            or (
-                isinstance(targets, list)
-                and any(
-                    output.fs.path.isin(target, output.fs_path) for target in targets
+            with ui.status("Building workspace index"):
+                data = build_data_index(
+                    view,
+                    self.root_dir,
+                    self.fs,
+                    compute_hash=True,
                 )
-            )
-        ):
-            obj = cast("Tree", obj)
-            yield from _dir_output_paths(output.fs, output.fs_path, obj, targets)
-
-
-def _dir_output_paths(
-    fs: "FileSystem",
-    fs_path: str,
-    obj: "Tree",
-    targets: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
-) -> Iterator[Tuple[str, str]]:
-    base = os.path.join(*fs.path.relparts(fs_path))
-    for key, _, oid in obj:
-        fname = fs.path.join(fs_path, *key)
-        if targets is None or any(
-            fs.path.isin_or_eq(fname, target) for target in targets
-        ):
-            # pylint: disable=no-member
-            yield os.path.join(base, *key), oid.value
-
-
-def _filter_missing(dvcfs: "DVCFileSystem", paths: Set[str]) -> Iterator[str]:
-    for path in paths:
-        fs_path = dvcfs.from_os_path(path)
-        try:
-            info = dvcfs.info(fs_path)
-            dvc_info = info.get("dvc_info", {})
-            entry = dvc_info.get("entry")
-            if (
-                entry
-                and info["type"] == "directory"
-                and not dvcfs.repo.cache.local.exists(entry.hash_info.value)
-            ):
-                yield path
-        except FileNotFoundError:
-            pass
-
-
-def _targets_to_paths(
-    dvcfs: "DVCFileSystem", targets: List[str]
-) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str]]:
-    paths: List[str] = []
-    missing: List[str] = []
-
-    if not targets:
-        return paths, missing
-
-    for target in targets:
-        if dvcfs.exists(target):
-            paths.append(dvcfs.repo.fs.path.abspath(target))
         else:
-            missing.append(target)
+            data = view.data["repo"]
 
-    return paths, missing
+        assert rev not in indexes
+        indexes[rev] = data
 
+    if targets:
+        old_missing = missing_targets.get(a_rev, set())
+        new_missing = missing_targets.get(b_rev, set())
 
-def _calculate_renamed(
-    new: Dict[str, Any],
-    old: Dict[str, Any],
-    added: Iterable[str],
-    deleted: Iterable[str],
-) -> List[Dict[str, Dict[str, str]]]:
-    old_inverted: Dict[str, List[str]] = defaultdict(list)
-    # It is needed to be dict of lists to cover cases
-    # when repo has paths with same hash
-    for path, path_hash in old.items():
-        old_inverted[path_hash].append(path)
+        # check for overlapping missing targets between a_rev and b_rev
+        for target in old_missing & new_missing:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(errno.ENOENT, os.strerror(errno.ENOENT), target)
 
-    renamed = []
-    for path in added:
-        path_hash = new[path]
-        old_paths = old_inverted[path_hash]
-        try:
-            iterator = enumerate(old_paths)
-            index = next(idx for idx, path in iterator if path in deleted)
-        except StopIteration:
-            continue
+    old = indexes[a_rev]
+    new = indexes[b_rev]
 
-        old_path = old_paths.pop(index)
-        renamed.append({"path": {"old": old_path, "new": path}, "hash": path_hash})
-
-    return renamed
+    with ui.status("Calculating diff"):
+        return _diff(old, new, with_missing=with_missing)

dvc/repo/experiments/__init__.py

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 import logging
 import os
 import re
-import time
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Iterable, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional
 
 from funcy import chain, first
 
@@ -11,17 +10,15 @@ from dvc.ui import ui
 from dvc.utils import relpath
 from dvc.utils.objects import cached_property
 
+from .cache import ExpCache
 from .exceptions import (
     BaselineMismatchError,
     ExperimentExistsError,
     InvalidExpRefError,
     MultipleBranchError,
 )
-from .executor.base import BaseExecutor
-from .queue.celery import LocalCeleryQueue
-from .queue.tempdir import TempDirQueue
-from .queue.workspace import WorkspaceQueue
 from .refs import (
+    APPLY_STASH,
     CELERY_FAILED_STASH,
     CELERY_STASH,
     EXEC_APPLY,
@@ -31,10 +28,14 @@ from .refs import (
     WORKSPACE_STASH,
     ExpRefInfo,
 )
+from .stash import ApplyStash
 from .utils import check_ref_format, exp_refs_by_rev, unlocked_repo
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .queue.base import BaseStashQueue, QueueEntry
+    from .queue.celery import LocalCeleryQueue
+    from .queue.tempdir import TempDirQueue
+    from .queue.workspace import WorkspaceQueue
     from .stash import ExpStashEntry
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -62,6 +63,11 @@ class Experiments:
 
     @property
     def scm(self):
+        from dvc.scm import SCMError
+
+        if self.repo.scm.no_commits:
+            raise SCMError("Empty Git repo. Add a commit to use experiments.")
+
         return self.repo.scm
 
     @cached_property
@@ -70,22 +76,38 @@ class Experiments:
 
     @cached_property
     def args_file(self) -> str:
+        from .executor.base import BaseExecutor
+
         return os.path.join(self.repo.tmp_dir, BaseExecutor.PACKED_ARGS_FILE)
 
     @cached_property
-    def workspace_queue(self) -> WorkspaceQueue:
+    def workspace_queue(self) -> "WorkspaceQueue":
+        from .queue.workspace import WorkspaceQueue
+
         return WorkspaceQueue(self.repo, WORKSPACE_STASH)
 
     @cached_property
-    def tempdir_queue(self) -> TempDirQueue:
+    def tempdir_queue(self) -> "TempDirQueue":
+        from .queue.tempdir import TempDirQueue
+
         # NOTE: tempdir and workspace stash is shared since both
         # implementations immediately push -> pop (queue length is only 0 or 1)
         return TempDirQueue(self.repo, WORKSPACE_STASH)
 
     @cached_property
-    def celery_queue(self) -> LocalCeleryQueue:
+    def celery_queue(self) -> "LocalCeleryQueue":
+        from .queue.celery import LocalCeleryQueue
+
         return LocalCeleryQueue(self.repo, CELERY_STASH, CELERY_FAILED_STASH)
 
+    @cached_property
+    def apply_stash(self) -> ApplyStash:
+        return ApplyStash(self.scm, APPLY_STASH)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def cache(self) -> ExpCache:
+        return ExpCache(self.repo)
+
     @property
     def stash_revs(self) -> Dict[str, "ExpStashEntry"]:
         revs = {}
@@ -96,24 +118,18 @@ class Experiments:
     def reproduce_one(
         self,
         tmp_dir: bool = False,
-        machine: Optional[str] = None,
+        copy_paths: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        message: Optional[str] = None,
         **kwargs,
     ):
         """Reproduce and checkout a single (standalone) experiment."""
-        if not (tmp_dir or machine):
-            staged, _, _ = self.scm.status(untracked_files="no")
-            if staged:
-                logger.warning(
-                    "Your workspace contains staged Git changes which will be "
-                    "unstaged before running this experiment."
-                )
-                self.scm.reset()
-
         exp_queue: "BaseStashQueue" = (
             self.tempdir_queue if tmp_dir else self.workspace_queue
         )
         self.queue_one(exp_queue, **kwargs)
-        results = self._reproduce_queue(exp_queue)
+        results = self._reproduce_queue(
+            exp_queue, copy_paths=copy_paths, message=message
+        )
         exp_rev = first(results)
         if exp_rev is not None:
             self._log_reproduced(results, tmp_dir=tmp_dir)
@@ -192,8 +208,7 @@ class Experiments:
             )
             for entry in entries:
                 # wait for task execution to start
-                while not self.celery_queue.proc.get(entry.stash_rev):
-                    time.sleep(1)
+                self.celery_queue.wait_for_start(entry, sleep_interval=1)
                 self.celery_queue.follow(entry)
                 # wait for task collection to complete
                 try:
@@ -336,7 +351,13 @@ class Experiments:
         self.scm.remove_ref(EXEC_APPLY)
 
     @unlocked_repo
-    def _reproduce_queue(self, queue: "BaseStashQueue", **kwargs) -> Dict[str, str]:
+    def _reproduce_queue(
+        self,
+        queue: "BaseStashQueue",
+        copy_paths: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        message: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> Dict[str, str]:
         """Reproduce queued experiments.
 
         Arguments:
@@ -346,7 +367,7 @@ class Experiments:
             dict mapping successfully reproduced experiment revs to their
             results.
         """
-        exec_results = queue.reproduce()
+        exec_results = queue.reproduce(copy_paths=copy_paths, message=message)
 
         results: Dict[str, str] = {}
         for _, exp_result in exec_results.items():
@@ -417,7 +438,7 @@ class Experiments:
                 try:
                     name = ExpRefInfo.from_ref(ref).name
                 except InvalidExpRefError:
-                    pass  # noqa: S110
+                    pass
             if not name:
                 if rev in self.stash_revs:
                     name = self.stash_revs[rev].name
@@ -428,17 +449,6 @@ class Experiments:
             result[rev] = name
         return result
 
-    def get_running_exps(self, fetch_refs: bool = True) -> Dict[str, Dict]:
-        """Return info for running experiments."""
-        result = {}
-        for queue in (
-            self.workspace_queue,
-            self.tempdir_queue,
-            self.celery_queue,
-        ):
-            result.update(queue.get_running_exps(fetch_refs))
-        return result
-
     def apply(self, *args, **kwargs):
         from dvc.repo.experiments.apply import apply
 
@@ -493,3 +503,8 @@ class Experiments:
         from dvc.repo.experiments.remove import remove
 
         return remove(self.repo, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def clean(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        from dvc.repo.experiments.clean import clean
+
+        return clean(self.repo, *args, **kwargs)

dvc/repo/experiments/apply.py

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 import logging
 import os
-from contextlib import contextmanager
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
 
 from dvc.repo import locked
 from dvc.repo.scm_context import scm_context
 from dvc.scm import Git
+from dvc.ui import ui
 from dvc.utils.fs import remove
 
-from .exceptions import ApplyConflictError, BaselineMismatchError, InvalidExpRevError
+from .exceptions import BaselineMismatchError, InvalidExpRevError
 from .executor.base import BaseExecutor
 from .refs import EXEC_APPLY
 
@@ -21,11 +21,9 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 @locked
 @scm_context
-def apply(repo: "Repo", rev: str, force: bool = True, **kwargs):  # noqa: C901
-    from scmrepo.exceptions import SCMError as _SCMError
-
+def apply(repo: "Repo", rev: str, **kwargs):  # noqa: C901
     from dvc.repo.checkout import checkout as dvc_checkout
-    from dvc.scm import GitMergeError, RevError, resolve_rev
+    from dvc.scm import RevError, resolve_rev
 
     exps: "Experiments" = repo.experiments
 
@@ -34,7 +32,6 @@ def apply(repo: "Repo", rev: str, force: bool = True, **kwargs):  # noqa: C901
     assert isinstance(repo.scm, Git)
     try:
         exp_rev = resolve_rev(repo.scm, rev)
-        exps.check_baseline(exp_rev)
     except RevError as exc:
         (
             exp_ref_info,
@@ -42,14 +39,9 @@ def apply(repo: "Repo", rev: str, force: bool = True, **kwargs):  # noqa: C901
         ) = exps.celery_queue.get_ref_and_entry_by_names(
             rev
         )[rev]
-        baseline_sha = repo.scm.get_rev()
         if exp_ref_info:
-            if baseline_sha != exp_ref_info.baseline_sha:
-                raise InvalidExpRevError(rev)  # noqa: B904
             exp_rev = repo.scm.get_ref(str(exp_ref_info))
         elif queue_entry:
-            if queue_entry.baseline_rev != baseline_sha:
-                raise InvalidExpRevError(rev)
             exp_rev = queue_entry.stash_rev
             is_stash = True
         else:
@@ -57,68 +49,22 @@ def apply(repo: "Repo", rev: str, force: bool = True, **kwargs):  # noqa: C901
     except BaselineMismatchError as exc:
         raise InvalidExpRevError(rev) from exc
 
-    # NOTE: we don't use scmrepo's stash_workspace() here since we need
-    # finer control over the merge behavior when we unstash everything
-    with _apply_workspace(repo, rev, force):
-        try:
-            repo.scm.merge(exp_rev, commit=False, squash=True)
-        except _SCMError as exc:
-            raise GitMergeError(str(exc), scm=repo.scm)  # noqa: B904
-
-    repo.scm.reset()
-
-    if is_stash:
-        assert repo.tmp_dir is not None
-        args_path = os.path.join(repo.tmp_dir, BaseExecutor.PACKED_ARGS_FILE)
-        if os.path.exists(args_path):
-            remove(args_path)
-
+    _apply(repo, exp_rev, name=rev, is_stash=is_stash)
     dvc_checkout(repo, **kwargs)
 
     repo.scm.set_ref(EXEC_APPLY, exp_rev)
-    logger.info(
-        "Changes for experiment '%s' have been applied to your current workspace.",
-        rev,
+    ui.write(
+        f"Changes for experiment '{rev}' have been applied to your current workspace.",
     )
 
 
-@contextmanager
-def _apply_workspace(repo: "Repo", rev: str, force: bool):
-    from scmrepo.exceptions import MergeConflictError
-    from scmrepo.exceptions import SCMError as _SCMError
+def _apply(repo: "Repo", rev: str, name: Optional[str] = None, is_stash: bool = False):
+    exps: "Experiments" = repo.experiments
 
-    assert isinstance(repo.scm, Git)
-    if repo.scm.is_dirty(untracked_files=True):
-        logger.debug("Stashing workspace")
-        stash_rev: Optional[str] = repo.scm.stash.push(include_untracked=True)
-    else:
-        stash_rev = None
-    try:
-        yield
-    except Exception:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
-        if stash_rev:
-            _clean_and_pop(repo.scm)
-        raise
-    if not stash_rev:
-        return
-
-    try:
-        repo.scm.reset()
-        repo.scm.stash.apply(stash_rev, skip_conflicts=force)
-        repo.scm.stash.drop()
-    except (MergeConflictError, _SCMError) as exc:
-        _clean_and_pop(repo.scm)
-        raise ApplyConflictError(rev) from exc
-    except Exception:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
-        _clean_and_pop(repo.scm)
-        raise
-
-
-def _clean_and_pop(scm: "Git"):
-    """Revert any changes and pop the last stash entry."""
-    scm.reset(hard=True)
-    if scm.is_dirty(untracked_files=True):
-        # drop any changes to untracked files before popping stash
-        scm.stash.push(include_untracked=True)
-        scm.stash.drop()
-    scm.stash.pop()
+    with exps.apply_stash.preserve_workspace(rev, name=name):
+        with repo.scm.detach_head(rev, force=True):
+            if is_stash:
+                assert repo.tmp_dir is not None
+                args_path = os.path.join(repo.tmp_dir, BaseExecutor.PACKED_ARGS_FILE)
+                if os.path.exists(args_path):
+                    remove(args_path)

dvc/repo/experiments/branch.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 @locked
 @scm_context
-def branch(repo, exp_rev, branch_name, *args, **kwargs):
+def branch(repo, exp_rev, branch_name=None, **kwargs):
     from dvc.scm import resolve_rev
 
     try:
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ def branch(repo, exp_rev, branch_name, *args, **kwargs):
     if not ref_info:
         raise InvalidExpRevError(exp_rev)
 
+    branch_name = branch_name or f"{ref_info.name}-branch"
+
     branch_ref = f"refs/heads/{branch_name}"
     if repo.scm.get_ref(branch_ref):
         raise InvalidArgumentError(f"Git branch '{branch_name}' already exists.")

dvc/repo/experiments/brancher.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+from contextlib import ExitStack, contextmanager
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Iterator, Tuple
+
+from dvc.repo.experiments.exceptions import InvalidExpRevError
+from dvc.scm import RevError
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.repo import Repo
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def switch_repo(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    rev: str,
+) -> Iterator[Tuple["Repo", str]]:
+    """Return a repo instance (brancher) switched to rev.
+
+    If rev is the name of a running experiment, the returned instance will be
+    the live repo wherever the experiment is running.
+
+    NOTE: This will not resolve git SHA's that only exist in queued exp workspaces
+    (it will only match queued exp names).
+    """
+    try:
+        with repo.switch(rev):
+            yield repo, rev
+        return
+    except RevError as exc:
+        orig_exc = exc
+    exps = repo.experiments
+
+    if rev == exps.workspace_queue.get_running_exp():
+        yield repo, "workspace"
+        return
+
+    for queue in (exps.tempdir_queue, exps.celery_queue):
+        try:
+            active_repo = queue.active_repo(rev)
+        except InvalidExpRevError:
+            continue
+        stack = ExitStack()
+        stack.enter_context(active_repo)
+        stack.enter_context(active_repo.switch("workspace"))
+        with stack:
+            yield active_repo, rev
+        return
+    raise orig_exc

dvc/repo/experiments/cache.py

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import logging
+import os
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Union
+
+from dvc.fs import localfs
+from dvc_objects.db import ObjectDB
+
+from .serialize import DeserializeError, SerializableError, SerializableExp
+from .utils import EXEC_TMP_DIR
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.repo import Repo
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class ExpCache:
+    """Serialized experiment state cache.
+
+    ODB with git SHAs as keys. Objects can be either SerializableExp or
+    SerializableError.
+    """
+
+    CACHE_DIR = os.path.join(EXEC_TMP_DIR, "cache")
+
+    def __init__(self, repo: "Repo"):
+        path = os.path.join(repo.tmp_dir, self.CACHE_DIR)
+        self.odb = ObjectDB(localfs, path)
+
+    def delete(self, rev: str):
+        self.odb.delete(rev)
+
+    def put(
+        self,
+        exp: Union[SerializableExp, SerializableError],
+        rev: Optional[str] = None,
+        force: bool = False,
+    ):
+        rev = rev or getattr(exp, "rev", None)
+        assert rev
+        assert rev != "workspace"
+        if force or not self.odb.exists(rev):
+            try:
+                self.delete(rev)
+            except FileNotFoundError:
+                pass
+            self.odb.add_bytes(rev, exp.as_bytes())
+            logger.trace(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                "ExpCache: cache put '%s'", rev[:7]
+            )
+
+    def get(self, rev: str) -> Optional[Union[SerializableExp, SerializableError]]:
+        obj = self.odb.get(rev)
+        try:
+            with obj.fs.open(obj.path, "rb") as fobj:
+                data = fobj.read()
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            logger.trace(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                "ExpCache: cache miss '%s'", rev[:7]
+            )
+            return None
+        for typ in (SerializableExp, SerializableError):
+            try:
+                exp = typ.from_bytes(data)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                logger.trace(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                    "ExpCache: cache load '%s'", rev[:7]
+                )
+                return exp
+            except DeserializeError:
+                continue
+        logger.debug("ExpCache: unknown object type for '%s'", rev)
+        return None

dvc/repo/experiments/clean.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from dvc.ui import ui
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.repo import Repo
+
+
+def clean(repo: "Repo"):
+    ui.write("Cleaning up dvc-task messages...")
+    repo.experiments.celery_queue.celery.clean()
+    ui.write("Done!")

dvc/repo/experiments/collect.py

@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+import itertools
+import logging
+import os
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Collection,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from funcy import first
+from scmrepo.exceptions import SCMError as InnerSCMError
+
+from dvc.scm import Git, SCMError, iter_revs
+
+from .exceptions import InvalidExpRefError
+from .refs import EXEC_BRANCH, ExpRefInfo
+from .serialize import ExpRange, ExpState, SerializableError, SerializableExp
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.repo import Repo
+
+    from .cache import ExpCache
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def collect_rev(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    rev: str,
+    param_deps: bool = False,
+    force: bool = False,
+    cache: Optional["ExpCache"] = None,
+    **kwargs,
+) -> ExpState:
+    """Collect experiment state for the given revision.
+
+    Exp will be loaded from cache when available unless rev is 'workspace' or
+    force is set.
+    """
+    from dvc.fs import LocalFileSystem
+
+    cache = cache or repo.experiments.cache
+    assert cache
+    # TODO: support filtering serialized exp when param_deps is set
+    if rev != "workspace" and not (force or param_deps):
+        cached_exp = cache.get(rev)
+        if cached_exp:
+            if isinstance(cached_exp, SerializableError):
+                return ExpState(rev=rev, error=cached_exp)
+            return ExpState(rev=rev, data=cached_exp)
+    if rev == "workspace" and isinstance(repo.fs, LocalFileSystem):
+        orig_cwd: Optional[str] = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(repo.root_dir)
+    else:
+        orig_cwd = None
+    try:
+        data = _collect_rev(
+            repo,
+            rev,
+            param_deps=param_deps,
+            force=force,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+        if not (rev == "workspace" or param_deps or data.contains_error):
+            cache.put(data, force=True)
+        return ExpState(rev=rev, data=data)
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001, pylint: disable=broad-except
+        logger.debug("", exc_info=True)
+        error = SerializableError(str(exc), type(exc).__name__)
+        return ExpState(rev=rev, error=error)
+    finally:
+        if orig_cwd:
+            os.chdir(orig_cwd)
+
+
+def _collect_rev(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    rev: str,
+    param_deps: bool = False,
+    **kwargs,
+) -> SerializableExp:
+    with repo.switch(rev) as rev:
+        if rev == "workspace":
+            timestamp: Optional[datetime] = None
+        else:
+            commit = repo.scm.resolve_commit(rev)
+            timestamp = datetime.fromtimestamp(commit.commit_time)
+
+        return SerializableExp.from_repo(
+            repo,
+            rev=rev,
+            param_deps=param_deps,
+            timestamp=timestamp,
+        )
+
+
+def collect_branch(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    rev: str,
+    end_rev: Optional[str] = None,
+    **kwargs,
+) -> Iterator["ExpState"]:
+    """Iterate over exp states in a Git branch.
+
+    Git branch will be traversed in reverse, starting from rev.
+
+    Args:
+        rev: Branch tip (head).
+        end_rev: If specified, traversal will stop when end_rev is reached
+            (exclusive, end_rev will not be collected).
+    """
+    try:
+        for branch_rev in repo.scm.branch_revs(rev, end_rev):
+            yield collect_rev(repo, branch_rev, **kwargs)
+    except (SCMError, InnerSCMError):
+        pass
+
+
+def collect_exec_branch(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    baseline_rev: str,
+    **kwargs,
+) -> Iterator["ExpState"]:
+    """Iterate over active experiment branch for the current executor."""
+    last_rev = repo.scm.get_ref(EXEC_BRANCH) or repo.scm.get_rev()
+    last_rev = repo.scm.get_rev()
+    yield collect_rev(repo, "workspace", **kwargs)
+    if last_rev != baseline_rev:
+        yield from collect_branch(repo, last_rev, baseline_rev, **kwargs)
+
+
+def collect_queued(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    baseline_revs: Collection[str],
+    **kwargs,
+) -> Dict[str, List["ExpRange"]]:
+    """Collect queued experiments derived from the specified revisions.
+
+    Args:
+        repo: Repo.
+        baseline_revs: Resolved baseline Git SHAs.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dict mapping baseline revision to list of queued experiments.
+    """
+    if not baseline_revs:
+        return {}
+    return repo.experiments.celery_queue.collect_queued_data(baseline_revs, **kwargs)
+
+
+def collect_active(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    baseline_revs: Collection[str],
+    **kwargs,
+) -> Dict[str, List["ExpRange"]]:
+    """Collect active (running) experiments derived from the specified revisions.
+
+    Args:
+        repo: Repo.
+        baseline_revs: Resolved baseline Git SHAs.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dict mapping baseline revision to list of active experiments.
+    """
+    if not baseline_revs:
+        return {}
+    result: Dict[str, List["ExpRange"]] = {}
+    exps = repo.experiments
+    for queue in (exps.workspace_queue, exps.tempdir_queue, exps.celery_queue):
+        for baseline, active_exps in queue.collect_active_data(
+            baseline_revs, **kwargs
+        ).items():
+            if baseline in result:
+                result[baseline].extend(active_exps)
+            else:
+                result[baseline] = list(active_exps)
+    return result
+
+
+def collect_failed(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    baseline_revs: Collection[str],
+    **kwargs,
+) -> Dict[str, List["ExpRange"]]:
+    """Collect failed experiments derived from the specified revisions.
+
+    Args:
+        repo: Repo.
+        baseline_revs: Resolved baseline Git SHAs.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dict mapping baseline revision to list of active experiments.
+    """
+    if not baseline_revs:
+        return {}
+    return repo.experiments.celery_queue.collect_failed_data(baseline_revs, **kwargs)
+
+
+def collect_successful(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    baseline_revs: Collection[str],
+    **kwargs,
+) -> Dict[str, List["ExpRange"]]:
+    """Collect successful experiments derived from the specified revisions.
+
+    Args:
+        repo: Repo.
+        baseline_revs: Resolved baseline Git SHAs.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dict mapping baseline revision to successful experiments.
+    """
+    result: Dict[str, List["ExpRange"]] = {}
+    for baseline_rev in baseline_revs:
+        result[baseline_rev] = list(_collect_baseline(repo, baseline_rev, **kwargs))
+    return result
+
+
+def _collect_baseline(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    baseline_rev: str,
+    **kwargs,
+) -> Iterator["ExpRange"]:
+    """Iterate over experiments derived from a baseline revision.
+
+    Args:
+        repo: Repo.
+        baseline_revs: Resolved baseline Git SHAs.
+
+    Yields:
+        Tuple of (timestamp, exp_range).
+    """
+    ref_info = ExpRefInfo(baseline_sha=baseline_rev)
+    refs: Optional[Iterable[str]] = kwargs.get("refs")
+    if refs:
+        ref_it = (ref for ref in iter(refs) if ref.startswith(str(ref_info)))
+    else:
+        ref_it = repo.scm.iter_refs(base=str(ref_info))
+    for ref in ref_it:
+        try:
+            ref_info = ExpRefInfo.from_ref(ref)
+            exp_rev = repo.scm.get_ref(ref)
+            if not exp_rev:
+                continue
+        except (InvalidExpRefError, SCMError, InnerSCMError):
+            continue
+        exps = list(collect_branch(repo, exp_rev, baseline_rev, **kwargs))
+        if exps:
+            exps[0].name = ref_info.name
+            yield ExpRange(exps, name=ref_info.name)
+
+
+def collect(
+    repo: "Repo",
+    revs: Union[List[str], str, None] = None,
+    all_branches: bool = False,
+    all_tags: bool = False,
+    all_commits: bool = False,
+    num: int = 1,
+    hide_queued: bool = False,
+    hide_failed: bool = False,
+    sha_only: bool = False,
+    **kwargs,
+) -> List["ExpState"]:
+    """Collect baseline revisions and derived experiments."""
+    assert isinstance(repo.scm, Git)
+    if repo.scm.no_commits:
+        return []
+    if not any([revs, all_branches, all_tags, all_commits]):
+        revs = ["HEAD"]
+    if isinstance(revs, str):
+        revs = [revs]
+    cached_refs = list(repo.scm.iter_refs())
+    baseline_revs = list(
+        iter_revs(
+            repo.scm,
+            revs=revs,
+            num=num,
+            all_branches=all_branches,
+            all_tags=all_tags,
+            all_commits=all_commits,
+        )
+    )
+    if sha_only:
+        baseline_names: Dict[str, Optional[str]] = {}
+    else:
+        baseline_names = _describe(repo.scm, baseline_revs, refs=cached_refs)
+
+    workspace_data = collect_rev(repo, "workspace", **kwargs)
+    result: List["ExpState"] = [workspace_data]
+    queued = collect_queued(repo, baseline_revs, **kwargs) if not hide_queued else {}
+    active = collect_active(repo, baseline_revs, **kwargs)
+    failed = collect_failed(repo, baseline_revs, **kwargs) if not hide_failed else {}
+    successful = collect_successful(repo, baseline_revs, **kwargs)
+
+    for baseline_rev in baseline_revs:
+        baseline_data = collect_rev(repo, baseline_rev)
+        experiments = list(
+            itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+                _sorted_ranges(collected.get(baseline_rev, []))
+                for collected in (active, successful, queued, failed)
+            )
+        )
+        result.append(
+            ExpState(
+                rev=baseline_rev,
+                name=baseline_names.get(baseline_rev),
+                data=baseline_data.data,
+                error=baseline_data.error,
+                experiments=experiments if experiments else None,
+            )
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+def _describe(
+    scm: "Git",
+    revs: Iterable[str],
+    refs: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+) -> Dict[str, Optional[str]]:
+    """Describe revisions using a tag, branch.
+
+    The first matching name will be returned for each rev. Names are preferred in this
+    order:
+        - current branch (if rev matches HEAD and HEAD is a branch)
+        - tags
+        - branches
+
+    Returns:
+        Dict mapping revisions from revs to a name.
+    """
+
+    head_rev = scm.get_rev()
+    head_ref = scm.get_ref("HEAD", follow=False)
+    if head_ref and head_ref.startswith("refs/heads/"):
+        head_branch = head_ref[len("refs/heads/") :]
+    else:
+        head_branch = None
+
+    tags = {}
+    branches = {}
+    ref_it = iter(refs) if refs else scm.iter_refs()
+    for ref in ref_it:
+        is_tag = ref.startswith("refs/tags/")
+        is_branch = ref.startswith("refs/heads/")
+        if not (is_tag or is_branch):
+            continue
+        rev = scm.get_ref(ref)
+        if not rev:
+            logger.debug("unresolved ref %s", ref)
+            continue
+        if is_tag and rev not in tags:
+            tags[rev] = ref[len("refs/tags/") :]
+        if is_branch and rev not in branches:
+            branches[rev] = ref[len("refs/heads/") :]
+    names: Dict[str, Optional[str]] = {}
+    for rev in revs:
+        if rev == head_rev and head_branch:
+            names[rev] = head_branch
+        else:
+            names[rev] = tags.get(rev) or branches.get(rev)
+    return names
+
+
+def _sorted_ranges(exp_ranges: Iterable["ExpRange"]) -> List["ExpRange"]:
+    """Return list of ExpRange sorted by timestamp."""
+
+    def _head_timestamp(exp_range: "ExpRange") -> datetime:
+        head_exp = first(exp_range.revs)
+        if head_exp and head_exp.data and head_exp.data.timestamp:
+            return head_exp.data.timestamp
+        return datetime.fromtimestamp(0)
+
+    return sorted(exp_ranges, key=_head_timestamp, reverse=True)

dvc/repo/experiments/diff.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 def diff(repo, *args, a_rev=None, b_rev=None, param_deps=False, **kwargs):
-    from dvc.repo.experiments.show import collect_experiment_commit
+    from dvc.repo.experiments.collect import collect_rev
     from dvc.scm import resolve_rev
 
     if repo.scm.no_commits:
@@ -15,22 +15,21 @@ def diff(repo, *args, a_rev=None, b_rev=None, param_deps=False, **kwargs):
 
     if a_rev:
         rev = resolve_rev(repo.scm, a_rev)
-        old = collect_experiment_commit(repo, rev, param_deps=param_deps)
     else:
-        old = collect_experiment_commit(repo, "HEAD", param_deps=param_deps)
+        rev = resolve_rev(repo.scm, "HEAD")
+    old = collect_rev(repo, rev, param_deps=param_deps)
 
     if b_rev:
         rev = resolve_rev(repo.scm, b_rev)
-        new = collect_experiment_commit(repo, rev, param_deps=param_deps)
     else:
-        new = collect_experiment_commit(repo, "workspace", param_deps=param_deps)
+        rev = "workspace"
+    new = collect_rev(repo, rev, param_deps=param_deps)
 
     with_unchanged = kwargs.pop("all", False)
-
     return {
         key: _diff(
-            format_dict(old.get("data", {}).get(key, {})),
-            format_dict(new.get("data", {}).get(key, {})),
+            format_dict(getattr(old.data, key, {})),
+            format_dict(getattr(new.data, key, {})),
             with_unchanged=with_unchanged,
         )
         for key in ["metrics", "params"]

dvc/repo/experiments/exceptions.py

@@ -66,18 +66,6 @@ class MultipleBranchError(DvcException):
         self.ref_infos = ref_infos
 
 
-class ApplyConflictError(InvalidArgumentError):
-    def __init__(self, name):
-        super().__init__(
-            f"Experiment '{name}' cannot be applied to because your current "
-            "workspace contains changes which would be overwritten. Either "
-            "'git stash' your current changes before applying this "
-            "experiment, or re-run this command with '--force' to overwrite "
-            "your current changes."
-        )
-        self.name = name
-
-
 class AmbiguousExpRefInfo(InvalidArgumentError):
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -126,3 +114,10 @@ class UnresolvedRunningExpNamesError(UnresolvedExpNamesError):
 
 class ExpQueueEmptyError(DvcException):
     pass
+
+
+class ExpNotStartedError(DvcException):
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        super().__init__(
+            f"Queued experiment '{name}' exists but has not started running yet"
+        )

dvc/repo/experiments/executor/base.py

@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
 import logging
 import os
-import pickle
+import pickle  # nosec B403
+import shutil
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from dataclasses import asdict, dataclass
 from enum import IntEnum
 from functools import partial
+from itertools import chain
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
     Any,
     Callable,
     Dict,
     Iterable,
+    Iterator,
     List,
     NamedTuple,
     Optional,
@@ -21,6 +24,7 @@ from typing import (
     Union,
 )
 
+from funcy import get_in
 from scmrepo.exceptions import SCMError
 
 from dvc.env import DVC_EXP_AUTO_PUSH, DVC_EXP_GIT_REMOTE
@@ -33,10 +37,13 @@ from dvc.repo.experiments.refs import (
     ExpRefInfo,
 )
 from dvc.repo.experiments.utils import to_studio_params
+from dvc.repo.metrics.show import _collect_top_level_metrics
+from dvc.repo.params.show import _collect_top_level_params
 from dvc.stage.serialize import to_lockfile
 from dvc.ui import ui
 from dvc.utils import dict_sha256, env2bool, relpath
 from dvc.utils.fs import remove
+from dvc.utils.studio import env_to_config
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from queue import Queue
@@ -255,6 +262,80 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
             **kwargs,
         )
 
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_top_level_paths(cls, repo: "Repo") -> List["str"]:
+        return list(
+            chain(
+                _collect_top_level_metrics(repo),
+                _collect_top_level_params(repo),
+                repo.index._plot_sources,  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+            )
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def save(
+        cls,
+        info: "ExecutorInfo",
+        force: bool = False,
+        include_untracked: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        message: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> ExecutorResult:
+        from dvc.dvcfile import LOCK_FILE
+        from dvc.repo import Repo
+
+        exp_hash: Optional[str] = None
+        exp_ref: Optional[ExpRefInfo] = None
+
+        dvc = Repo(os.path.join(info.root_dir, info.dvc_dir))
+        old_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        if info.wdir:
+            os.chdir(os.path.join(dvc.scm.root_dir, info.wdir))
+        else:
+            os.chdir(dvc.root_dir)
+
+        include_untracked = include_untracked or []
+        include_untracked.extend(cls._get_top_level_paths(dvc))
+        # dvc repro automatically stages dvc.lock. Running redundant `git add`
+        # on it causes an error when exiting the detached head context.
+        if LOCK_FILE in dvc.scm.untracked_files():
+            include_untracked.append(LOCK_FILE)
+
+        try:
+            stages = dvc.commit([], force=True, relink=False)
+            exp_hash = cls.hash_exp(stages)
+            if include_untracked:
+                dvc.scm.add(include_untracked)
+            cls.commit(
+                dvc.scm,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                exp_hash,
+                exp_name=info.name,
+                force=force,
+                message=message,
+            )
+            ref: Optional[str] = dvc.scm.get_ref(EXEC_BRANCH, follow=False)
+            exp_ref = ExpRefInfo.from_ref(ref) if ref else None
+            untracked = dvc.scm.untracked_files()
+            if untracked:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "The following untracked files were present in "
+                    "the workspace before saving but "
+                    "will not be included in the experiment commit:\n"
+                    "\t%s",
+                    ", ".join(untracked),
+                )
+            info.result_hash = exp_hash
+            info.result_ref = ref
+            info.result_force = False
+            info.status = TaskStatus.SUCCESS
+        except DvcException:
+            info.status = TaskStatus.FAILED
+            raise
+        finally:
+            dvc.close()
+            os.chdir(old_cwd)
+
+        return ExecutorResult(ref, exp_ref, info.result_force)
+
     @staticmethod
     def hash_exp(stages: Iterable["PipelineStage"]) -> str:
         from dvc.stage import PipelineStage
@@ -265,7 +346,7 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
                 exp_data.update(to_lockfile(stage))
         return dict_sha256(exp_data)
 
-    def cleanup(self, infofile: str):
+    def cleanup(self, infofile: Optional[str] = None):
         if infofile is not None:
             info = ExecutorInfo.load_json(infofile)
             if info.status < TaskStatus.FAILED:
@@ -292,7 +373,7 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
     @staticmethod
     def unpack_repro_args(path):
         with open(path, "rb") as fobj:
-            data = pickle.load(fobj)
+            data = pickle.load(fobj)  # noqa: S301 # nosec B301
         return data["args"], data["kwargs"]
 
     def fetch_exps(
@@ -382,6 +463,8 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
         infofile: Optional[str] = None,
         log_errors: bool = True,
         log_level: Optional[int] = None,
+        copy_paths: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        message: Optional[str] = None,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> "ExecutorResult":
         """Run dvc repro and return the result.
@@ -414,10 +497,15 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
         exp_ref: Optional["ExpRefInfo"] = None
         repro_force: bool = False
 
+        if info.name:
+            ui.write(f"Reproducing experiment '{info.name}'")
+
         with cls._repro_dvc(
             info,
             infofile,
             log_errors=log_errors,
+            copy_paths=copy_paths,
+            message=message,
             **kwargs,
         ) as dvc:
             if auto_push:
@@ -468,6 +556,7 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
                 info.name,
                 repro_force or checkpoint_reset,
             )
+
             stages = dvc_reproduce(
                 dvc,
                 *args,
@@ -475,6 +564,9 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
                 checkpoint_func=checkpoint_func,
                 **kwargs,
             )
+            if paths := cls._get_top_level_paths(dvc):
+                logger.debug("Staging top-level files: %s", paths)
+                dvc.scm_context.add(paths)
 
             exp_hash = cls.hash_exp(stages)
             if not repro_dry:
@@ -486,6 +578,7 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
                     auto_push,
                     git_remote,
                     repro_force,
+                    message=message,
                 )
                 info.result_hash = exp_hash
                 info.result_ref = ref
@@ -506,6 +599,7 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
         auto_push,
         git_remote,
         repro_force,
+        message: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> Tuple[Optional[str], Optional["ExpRefInfo"], bool]:
         is_checkpoint = any(stage.is_checkpoint for stage in stages)
         cls.commit(
@@ -514,6 +608,7 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
             exp_name=info.name,
             force=repro_force,
             checkpoint=is_checkpoint,
+            message=message,
         )
         if auto_push:
             cls._auto_push(dvc, dvc.scm, git_remote)
@@ -540,62 +635,79 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
         info: "ExecutorInfo",
         infofile: Optional[str] = None,
         log_errors: bool = True,
+        copy_paths: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        message: Optional[str] = None,
         **kwargs,
-    ):
+    ) -> Iterator["Repo"]:
         from dvc_studio_client.post_live_metrics import post_live_metrics
 
         from dvc.repo import Repo
         from dvc.stage.monitor import CheckpointKilledError
 
-        dvc = Repo(os.path.join(info.root_dir, info.dvc_dir))
-        info.status = TaskStatus.RUNNING
-        if infofile is not None:
-            info.dump_json(infofile)
-        if cls.QUIET:
-            dvc.scm_context.quiet = cls.QUIET
-        old_cwd = os.getcwd()
-        if info.wdir:
-            os.chdir(os.path.join(dvc.scm.root_dir, info.wdir))
-        else:
-            os.chdir(dvc.root_dir)
-
-        try:
-            post_live_metrics(
-                "start",
-                info.baseline_rev,
-                info.name,
-                "dvc",
-                params=to_studio_params(dvc.params.show()),
-            )
-            logger.debug("Running repro in '%s'", os.getcwd())
-            yield dvc
-            info.status = TaskStatus.SUCCESS
-        except CheckpointKilledError:
-            info.status = TaskStatus.FAILED
-            raise
-        except DvcException:
-            if log_errors:
-                logger.exception("")
-            info.status = TaskStatus.FAILED
-            raise
-        except Exception:
-            if log_errors:
-                logger.exception("unexpected error")
-            info.status = TaskStatus.FAILED
-            raise
-        finally:
-            post_live_metrics(
-                "done",
-                info.baseline_rev,
-                info.name,
-                "dvc",
-                experiment_rev=dvc.experiments.scm.get_ref(EXEC_BRANCH),
-            )
-
+        with Repo(os.path.join(info.root_dir, info.dvc_dir)) as dvc:
+            info.status = TaskStatus.RUNNING
             if infofile is not None:
                 info.dump_json(infofile)
-            dvc.close()
-            os.chdir(old_cwd)
+            if cls.QUIET:
+                dvc.scm_context.quiet = cls.QUIET
+            old_cwd = os.getcwd()
+
+            for path in copy_paths or []:
+                cls._copy_path(os.path.realpath(path), os.path.join(dvc.root_dir, path))
+
+            if info.wdir:
+                os.chdir(os.path.join(dvc.scm.root_dir, info.wdir))
+            else:
+                os.chdir(dvc.root_dir)
+
+            args_path = os.path.join(dvc.tmp_dir, cls.PACKED_ARGS_FILE)
+            if os.path.exists(args_path):
+                _, kwargs = cls.unpack_repro_args(args_path)
+            dvc_studio_config = dvc.config.get("studio")
+            # set missing config options using saved config
+            # inferring repo url will fail if not set here
+            run_env_config = env_to_config(kwargs.get("run_env", {}))
+            dvc_studio_config = {**run_env_config, **dvc_studio_config}
+            try:
+                post_live_metrics(
+                    "start",
+                    info.baseline_rev,
+                    info.name,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                    "dvc",
+                    params=to_studio_params(dvc.params.show()),
+                    dvc_studio_config=dvc_studio_config,
+                    message=message,
+                )
+                logger.debug("Running repro in '%s'", os.getcwd())
+                yield dvc
+                info.status = TaskStatus.SUCCESS
+            except CheckpointKilledError:
+                info.status = TaskStatus.FAILED
+                raise
+            except DvcException:
+                if log_errors:
+                    logger.exception("")
+                info.status = TaskStatus.FAILED
+                raise
+            except Exception:
+                if log_errors:
+                    logger.exception("unexpected error")
+                info.status = TaskStatus.FAILED
+                raise
+            finally:
+                post_live_metrics(
+                    "done",
+                    info.baseline_rev,
+                    info.name,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                    "dvc",
+                    experiment_rev=dvc.experiments.scm.get_ref(EXEC_BRANCH),
+                    metrics=get_in(dvc.metrics.show(), ["", "data"]),
+                    dvc_studio_config=dvc_studio_config,
+                )
+
+                if infofile is not None:
+                    info.dump_json(infofile)
+                os.chdir(old_cwd)
 
     @classmethod
     def _repro_args(cls, dvc):
@@ -604,7 +716,7 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
             args, kwargs = cls.unpack_repro_args(args_path)
             remove(args_path)
             # explicitly git rm/unstage the args file
-            dvc.scm.add([args_path])
+            dvc.scm.add([args_path], force=True)
         else:
             args = []
             kwargs = {}
@@ -662,6 +774,7 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
         exp_name: Optional[str] = None,
         force: bool = False,
         checkpoint: bool = False,
+        message: Optional[str] = None,
     ):
         """Commit stages as an experiment and return the commit SHA."""
         rev = scm.get_rev()
@@ -691,7 +804,8 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
                 logger.debug("Commit to new experiment branch '%s'", branch)
 
         scm.add([], update=True)
-        scm.commit(f"dvc: commit experiment {exp_hash}", no_verify=True)
+        message = message or f"dvc: commit experiment {exp_hash}"
+        scm.commit(message, no_verify=True)
         new_rev = scm.get_rev()
         if check_conflict:
             new_rev = cls._raise_ref_conflict(scm, branch, new_rev, checkpoint)
@@ -723,6 +837,20 @@ class BaseExecutor(ABC):
         if level is not None:
             dvc_logger.setLevel(level)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _copy_path(src, dst):
+        try:
+            if os.path.isfile(src):
+                shutil.copy(src, dst)
+            elif os.path.isdir(src):
+                shutil.copytree(src, dst)
+            else:
+                raise DvcException(
+                    f"Unable to copy '{src}'. It is not a file or directory."
+                )
+        except OSError as exc:
+            raise DvcException(f"Unable to copy '{src}' to '{dst}'.") from exc
+
     @contextmanager
     def set_temp_refs(self, scm: "Git", temp_dict: Dict[str, str]):
         try:

dvc/repo/experiments/executor/local.py

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ from contextlib import ExitStack
 from tempfile import mkdtemp
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Union
 
+from configobj import ConfigObj
 from funcy import retry
-from scmrepo.exceptions import SCMError as _SCMError
 from shortuuid import uuid
 
 from dvc.lock import LockError
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ from dvc.repo.experiments.refs import (
     EXEC_HEAD,
     EXEC_MERGE,
     EXEC_NAMESPACE,
-    EXPS_TEMP,
+    TEMP_NAMESPACE,
 )
 from dvc.repo.experiments.utils import EXEC_TMP_DIR, get_exp_rwlock
-from dvc.scm import SCM, Git, GitMergeError
+from dvc.scm import SCM, Git
 from dvc.utils.fs import remove
 from dvc.utils.objects import cached_property
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class BaseLocalExecutor(BaseExecutor):
     def scm(self) -> Union["Git", "NoSCM"]:
         return SCM(self.root_dir)
 
-    def cleanup(self, infofile: str):
+    def cleanup(self, infofile: Optional[str] = None):
         self.scm.close()
         del self.scm
         super().cleanup(infofile)
@@ -90,9 +90,9 @@ class TempDirExecutor(BaseLocalExecutor):
         if infofile:
             self.info.dump_json(infofile)
 
-        temp_head = f"{EXPS_TEMP}/head-{uuid()}"
-        temp_merge = f"{EXPS_TEMP}/merge-{uuid()}"
-        temp_baseline = f"{EXPS_TEMP}/baseline-{uuid()}"
+        temp_head = f"{TEMP_NAMESPACE}/head-{uuid()}"
+        temp_merge = f"{TEMP_NAMESPACE}/merge-{uuid()}"
+        temp_baseline = f"{TEMP_NAMESPACE}/baseline-{uuid()}"
 
         temp_ref_dict = {
             temp_head: entry.head_rev,
@@ -134,28 +134,32 @@ class TempDirExecutor(BaseLocalExecutor):
         self.scm.checkout(head, detach=True)
         merge_rev = self.scm.get_ref(EXEC_MERGE)
 
-        try:
-            self.scm.merge(merge_rev, squash=True, commit=False)
-        except _SCMError as exc:
-            raise GitMergeError(str(exc), scm=self.scm)  # noqa: B904
+        self.scm.stash.apply(merge_rev)
+        self._update_config(repo.config.read("local"))
 
-    def _config(self, cache_dir):
+    def _update_config(self, update):
         local_config = os.path.join(
             self.root_dir,
             self.dvc_dir,
             "config.local",
         )
         logger.debug("Writing experiments local config '%s'", local_config)
-        with open(local_config, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
-            fobj.write(f"[cache]\n    dir = {cache_dir}")
+        if os.path.exists(local_config):
+            conf_obj = ConfigObj(local_config)
+            conf_obj.merge(update)
+        else:
+            conf_obj = ConfigObj(update)
+        if conf_obj:
+            with open(local_config, "wb") as fobj:
+                conf_obj.write(fobj)
 
     def init_cache(
         self, repo: "Repo", rev: str, run_cache: bool = True  # noqa: ARG002
     ):
         """Initialize DVC cache."""
-        self._config(repo.cache.repo.path)
+        self._update_config({"cache": {"dir": repo.cache.repo.path}})
 
-    def cleanup(self, infofile: str):
+    def cleanup(self, infofile: Optional[str] = None):
         super().cleanup(infofile)
         logger.debug("Removing tmpdir '%s'", self.root_dir)
         remove(self.root_dir)
@@ -229,10 +233,7 @@ class WorkspaceExecutor(BaseLocalExecutor):
                 )
             )
             merge_rev = self.scm.get_ref(EXEC_MERGE)
-            try:
-                self.scm.merge(merge_rev, squash=True, commit=False)
-            except _SCMError as exc:
-                raise GitMergeError(str(exc), scm=self.scm)  # noqa: B904
+            self.scm.stash.apply(merge_rev)
             if branch:
                 self.scm.set_ref(EXEC_BRANCH, branch, symbolic=True)
             elif scm.get_ref(EXEC_BRANCH):
@@ -241,9 +242,10 @@ class WorkspaceExecutor(BaseLocalExecutor):
     def init_cache(self, repo: "Repo", rev: str, run_cache: bool = True):
         pass
 
-    def cleanup(self, infofile: str):
+    def cleanup(self, infofile: Optional[str] = None):
         super().cleanup(infofile)
-        remove(os.path.dirname(infofile))
+        if infofile:
+            remove(os.path.dirname(infofile))
         with self._detach_stack:
             self.scm.remove_ref(EXEC_BASELINE)
             self.scm.remove_ref(EXEC_MERGE)

dvc/repo/experiments/executor/ssh.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import os
 import posixpath
 import sys
 from contextlib import contextmanager
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable, Iterable, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable, Iterable, List, Optional
 
 from dvc_ssh import SSHFileSystem
 from funcy import first
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ class SSHExecutor(BaseExecutor):
             head = EXEC_BRANCH if branch else EXEC_HEAD
             self._ssh_cmd(fs, f"git checkout {head}")
             merge_rev = scm.get_ref(EXEC_MERGE)
-            self._ssh_cmd(fs, f"git merge --squash --no-commit {merge_rev}")
+            self._ssh_cmd(fs, f"git stash apply {merge_rev}")
 
             if self._setup_script:
                 self._init_setup_script(fs)
@@ -242,6 +242,8 @@ class SSHExecutor(BaseExecutor):
         infofile: Optional[str] = None,
         log_errors: bool = True,
         log_level: Optional[int] = None,
+        copy_paths: Optional[List[str]] = None,  # noqa: ARG003
+        message: Optional[str] = None,  # noqa: ARG003
         **kwargs,
     ) -> "ExecutorResult":
         """Reproduce an experiment on a remote machine over SSH.

dvc/repo/experiments/init.py

@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 from dvc.stage import PipelineStage
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.dependency import Dependency
     from dvc.dvcfile import ProjectFile, SingleStageFile
     from dvc.repo import Repo
-    from dvc.dependency import Dependency
 
 from dvc.ui import ui
 
@@ -218,13 +218,12 @@ def init(
             provided=overrides,
             stream=stream,
         )
+    elif "live" in overrides:
+        # suppress `metrics`/`plots` if live is selected.
+        defaults.pop("metrics", None)
+        defaults.pop("plots", None)
     else:
-        if "live" in overrides:
-            # suppress `metrics`/`plots` if live is selected.
-            defaults.pop("metrics", None)
-            defaults.pop("plots", None)
-        else:
-            defaults.pop("live", None)  # suppress live otherwise
+        defaults.pop("live", None)  # suppress live otherwise
 
     context: Dict[str, str] = {**defaults, **overrides}
     assert "cmd" in context

dvc/repo/experiments/ls.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import logging
 from collections import defaultdict
-from typing import Optional
+from typing import List, Optional, Union
 
 from dvc.repo import locked
 from dvc.repo.scm_context import scm_context
@@ -15,14 +15,17 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 @scm_context
 def ls(
     repo,
-    rev: Optional[str] = None,
+    rev: Optional[Union[List[str], str]] = None,
     all_commits: bool = False,
     num: int = 1,
     git_remote: Optional[str] = None,
 ):
     rev_set = None
     if not all_commits:
-        revs = iter_revs(repo.scm, [rev or "HEAD"], num)
+        rev = rev or "HEAD"
+        if isinstance(rev, str):
+            rev = [rev]
+        revs = iter_revs(repo.scm, rev, num)
         rev_set = set(revs.keys())
     ref_info_dict = exp_refs_by_baseline(repo.scm, rev_set, git_remote)
 

dvc/repo/experiments/pull.py

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def pull(  # noqa: C901
     git_remote: str,
     exp_names: Union[Iterable[str], str],
     all_commits=False,
-    rev: Optional[str] = None,
+    rev: Optional[Union[List[str], str]] = None,
     num=1,
     force: bool = False,
     pull_cache: bool = False,
@@ -49,7 +49,9 @@ def pull(  # noqa: C901
                 raise UnresolvedExpNamesError(unresolved_exp_names)
 
         if rev:
-            rev_dict = iter_revs(repo.scm, [rev], num)
+            if isinstance(rev, str):
+                rev = [rev]
+            rev_dict = iter_revs(repo.scm, rev, num)
             rev_set = set(rev_dict.keys())
             ref_info_dict = exp_refs_by_baseline(repo.scm, rev_set, git_remote)
             for _, ref_info_list in ref_info_dict.items():

dvc/repo/experiments/push.py

@@ -1,79 +1,150 @@
 import logging
-from typing import Iterable, List, Mapping, Optional, Set, Union
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Dict,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Set,
+    Union,
+)
 
-from funcy import group_by
+from funcy import compact, group_by
 from scmrepo.git.backend.base import SyncStatus
 
+from dvc.env import DVC_STUDIO_TOKEN, DVC_STUDIO_URL
+from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 from dvc.repo import locked
 from dvc.repo.scm_context import scm_context
-from dvc.scm import TqdmGit, iter_revs
-from dvc.ui import ui
+from dvc.scm import Git, TqdmGit, iter_revs
+from dvc.utils import env2bool
+from dvc.utils.collections import ensure_list
 
 from .exceptions import UnresolvedExpNamesError
 from .refs import ExpRefInfo
 from .utils import exp_commits, exp_refs, exp_refs_by_baseline, resolve_name
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.repo import Repo
+
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+class UploadError(DvcException):
+    def __init__(self, msg, result):
+        self.result = result
+        super().__init__(msg)
+
+
+def notify_refs_to_studio(
+    repo: "Repo", git_remote: str, **refs: List[str]
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    import os
+
+    config = repo.config["studio"]
+    refs = compact(refs)
+    if not refs or env2bool("DVC_TEST"):
+        return None
+
+    token = (
+        os.environ.get(DVC_STUDIO_TOKEN)
+        or os.environ.get("STUDIO_TOKEN")
+        or config.get("token")
+    )
+    if not token:
+        logger.debug("Studio token not found.")
+        return None
+
+    from dulwich.porcelain import get_remote_repo
+
+    from dvc.utils import studio
+
+    _, repo_url = get_remote_repo(repo.scm.dulwich.repo, git_remote)
+    studio_url = os.environ.get(DVC_STUDIO_URL) or config.get("url")
+    d = studio.notify_refs(repo_url, token, base_url=studio_url, **refs)
+    return d.get("url")
+
+
+def exp_refs_from_names(scm: "Git", exp_names: List[str]) -> Set["ExpRefInfo"]:
+    exp_ref_set = set()
+    exp_ref_dict = resolve_name(scm, exp_names)
+    unresolved_exp_names = []
+    for exp_name, exp_ref in exp_ref_dict.items():
+        if exp_ref is None:
+            unresolved_exp_names.append(exp_name)
+        else:
+            exp_ref_set.add(exp_ref)
+
+    if unresolved_exp_names:
+        raise UnresolvedExpNamesError(unresolved_exp_names)
+    return exp_ref_set
+
+
+def exp_refs_from_rev(scm: "Git", rev: List[str], num: int = 1) -> Set["ExpRefInfo"]:
+    exp_ref_set = set()
+    rev_dict = iter_revs(scm, rev, num)
+    rev_set = set(rev_dict.keys())
+    ref_info_dict = exp_refs_by_baseline(scm, rev_set)
+    for _, ref_info_list in ref_info_dict.items():
+        exp_ref_set.update(ref_info_list)
+    return exp_ref_set
+
+
 @locked
 @scm_context
-def push(  # noqa: C901
-    repo,
+def push(
+    repo: "Repo",
     git_remote: str,
-    exp_names: Union[Iterable[str], str],
-    all_commits=False,
-    rev: Optional[str] = None,
-    num=1,
+    exp_names: Union[List[str], str],
+    all_commits: bool = False,
+    rev: Optional[Union[List[str], str]] = None,
+    num: int = 1,
     force: bool = False,
     push_cache: bool = False,
-    **kwargs,
-) -> Iterable[str]:
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     exp_ref_set: Set["ExpRefInfo"] = set()
+    assert isinstance(repo.scm, Git)
     if all_commits:
         exp_ref_set.update(exp_refs(repo.scm))
-
-    else:
-        if exp_names:
-            if isinstance(exp_names, str):
-                exp_names = [exp_names]
-            exp_ref_dict = resolve_name(repo.scm, exp_names)
-
-            unresolved_exp_names = []
-            for exp_name, exp_ref in exp_ref_dict.items():
-                if exp_ref is None:
-                    unresolved_exp_names.append(exp_name)
-                else:
-                    exp_ref_set.add(exp_ref)
-
-            if unresolved_exp_names:
-                raise UnresolvedExpNamesError(unresolved_exp_names)
-
-        if rev:
-            rev_dict = iter_revs(repo.scm, [rev], num)
-            rev_set = set(rev_dict.keys())
-            ref_info_dict = exp_refs_by_baseline(repo.scm, rev_set)
-            for _, ref_info_list in ref_info_dict.items():
-                exp_ref_set.update(ref_info_list)
+    if exp_names:
+        exp_ref_set.update(exp_refs_from_names(repo.scm, ensure_list(exp_names)))
+    if rev:
+        if isinstance(rev, str):
+            rev = [rev]
+        exp_ref_set.update(exp_refs_from_rev(repo.scm, rev, num=num))
 
     push_result = _push(repo, git_remote, exp_ref_set, force)
-    if push_result[SyncStatus.DIVERGED]:
-        diverged_refs = [ref.name for ref in push_result[SyncStatus.DIVERGED]]
-        ui.warn(
-            f"Local experiment '{diverged_refs}' has diverged from remote "
-            "experiment with the same name. To override the remote experiment "
-            "re-run with '--force'."
-        )
+
+    refs = {
+        status.name.lower(): [ref.name for ref in ref_list]
+        for status, ref_list in push_result.items()
+    }
+    result: Dict[str, Any] = {**refs, "uploaded": 0}
+
+    pushed_refs_info = (
+        push_result[SyncStatus.UP_TO_DATE] + push_result[SyncStatus.SUCCESS]
+    )
+
+    e = None
     if push_cache:
-        push_cache_ref = (
-            push_result[SyncStatus.UP_TO_DATE] + push_result[SyncStatus.SUCCESS]
-        )
-        _push_cache(repo, push_cache_ref, **kwargs)
-    return [ref.name for ref in push_result[SyncStatus.SUCCESS]]
+        try:
+            result["uploaded"] = _push_cache(repo, pushed_refs_info, **kwargs)
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001, pylint: disable=broad-except
+            e = exc
+
+    pushed_refs = [str(r) for r in pushed_refs_info]
+    result["url"] = notify_refs_to_studio(repo, git_remote, pushed=pushed_refs)
+
+    if e:
+        raise UploadError("failed to push cache", result) from e
+    return result
 
 
 def _push(
-    repo,
+    repo: "Repo",
     git_remote: str,
     refs: Iterable["ExpRefInfo"],
     force: bool,
@@ -83,7 +154,7 @@ def _push(
     from dvc.scm import GitAuthError
 
     refspec_list = [f"{exp_ref}:{exp_ref}" for exp_ref in refs]
-    logger.debug("git push experiment '%s' -> '%s'", refspec_list, git_remote)
+    logger.debug("git push experiment %s -> '%s'", refspec_list, git_remote)
 
     with TqdmGit(desc="Pushing git refs") as pbar:
         try:
@@ -105,14 +176,15 @@ def _push(
 
 
 def _push_cache(
-    repo,
+    repo: "Repo",
     refs: Union[ExpRefInfo, Iterable["ExpRefInfo"]],
-    dvc_remote=None,
-    jobs=None,
-    run_cache=False,
-):
+    dvc_remote: Optional[str] = None,
+    jobs: Optional[int] = None,
+    run_cache: bool = False,
+) -> int:
     if isinstance(refs, ExpRefInfo):
         refs = [refs]
+    assert isinstance(repo.scm, Git)
     revs = list(exp_commits(repo.scm, refs))
     logger.debug("dvc push experiment '%s'", refs)
-    repo.push(jobs=jobs, remote=dvc_remote, run_cache=run_cache, revs=revs)
+    return repo.push(jobs=jobs, remote=dvc_remote, run_cache=run_cache, revs=revs)