dvc: bump to 2.0.2

Related to https://github.com/iterative/dvc-bench/issues/234

.codecov.yml

@@ -1 +1,10 @@
-
+comment: false
+coverage:
+  status:
+    project:
+      default:
+        target: 85
+        threshold: 10%
+    patch:
+      default:
+        threshold: 25%

.coveragerc

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 [run]
+branch = True
+source = dvc
 omit =
     *__main__.py
 
 [report]
 exclude_lines =
     if __name__ == .__main__.:
+    if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
     pass
     raise NotImplementedError
     # pragma: no cover

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -3,9 +3,50 @@ name: "\U0001F41B Bug Report"
 about: Create a bug report to help us improve DVC
 ---
 
-## Bug Report
+# Bug Report
 
-### Please provide information about your setup
+<!--
+## Issue name
+
+Issue names must follow the pattern `command: description` where the command is the dvc command that you are trying to run. The description should describe the consequence of the bug. 
+
+Example: `repro: doesn't detect input changes`
+-->
+
+## Description
+
+<!--
+A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+-->
+
+### Reproduce
+
+<!--
+Step list of how to reproduce the bug
+-->
+
+<!--
+Example:
+
+1. dvc init
+2. Copy dataset.zip to the directory
+3. dvc add dataset.zip
+4. dvc run -d dataset.zip -o model ./train.sh
+5. modify dataset.zip
+6. dvc repro
+-->
+
+### Expected
+
+<!--
+A clear and concise description of what you expect to happen.
+-->
+
+### Environment information
+
+<!--
+This is required to ensure that we can reproduce the bug.
+-->
 
 **Output of `dvc version`:**
 
@@ -15,4 +56,6 @@ $ dvc version
 
 **Additional Information (if any):**
 
+<!--
 If applicable, please also provide a `--verbose` output of the command, eg: `dvc add --verbose`.
+-->

.github/mergify.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+pull_request_rules:
+  - name: backport patches to 1.11
+    conditions:
+      - base=master
+      - label=backport-1.11
+    actions:
+      backport:
+        branches:
+          - "1.11"

.github/release-drafter.yml

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ categories:
     labels:
       - "feature"
       - "enhancement"
+      - "ui"
   - title: "💣 Breaking Changes "
     labels:
       - "breaking-change"

.github/workflows/packages.yaml

@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 name: Build packages
-on: [push, pull_request, release]
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+    - master
+  release:
+    types: [released, prereleased]
 jobs:
   linux:
     runs-on: ubuntu-16.04
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2.3.2
     - name: Set up Python 3.7
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v2.1.4
       with:
         python-version: 3.7
     - name: Set up Ruby 2.4
@@ -16,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Build
       run: ./scripts/build_posix.sh
     - name: Publish deb
-      if: github.event_name == 'release' && github.event.release.action == 'released'
+      if: github.event_name == 'release'
       uses: actions/[email protected]
       env:
         GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -26,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
         asset_name: dvc_${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}_amd64.deb
         asset_content_type: binary/octet-stream
     - name: Publish rpm
-      if: github.event_name == 'release' && github.event.release.action == 'released'
+      if: github.event_name == 'release'
       uses: actions/[email protected]
       env:
         GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -38,9 +43,9 @@ jobs:
   mac:
     runs-on: macos-10.15
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2.3.2
     - name: Set up Python 3.7
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v2.1.4
       with:
         python-version: 3.7
     - name: Set up Ruby 2.4
@@ -50,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Build
       run: ./scripts/build_posix.sh
     - name: Publish
-      if: github.event_name == 'release' && github.event.release.action == 'released'
+      if: github.event_name == 'release'
       uses: actions/[email protected]
       env:
         GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -62,19 +67,19 @@ jobs:
   windows:
     runs-on: windows-2019
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2.3.2
     - name: Set up Python 3.7
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v2.1.4
       with:
         python-version: 3.7
     - name: Build
       run: scripts\build_windows.cmd
       shell: cmd
     - name: Publish
-      if: github.event_name == 'release' && github.event.release.action == 'released'
-      uses: actions/[email protected]
+      if: github.event_name == 'release'
       env:
         GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      uses: actions/[email protected]
       with:
         upload_url: ${{ github.event.release.upload_url }}
         asset_path: dvc-${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}.exe
@@ -83,9 +88,9 @@ jobs:
   python:
     runs-on: ubuntu-16.04
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2.3.2
     - name: Set up Python 3.7
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v2.1.4
       with:
         python-version: 3.7
     - name: Install
@@ -93,7 +98,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Build packages
       run: ./scripts/build_package.sh
     - name: Publish packages to PyPI
-      if: github.event_name == 'release' && github.event.release.action == 'released'
+      if: github.event_name == 'release'
       uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@master
       with:
         user: __token__
@@ -101,26 +106,26 @@ jobs:
   snap:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2.3.2
     - name: Build the package
       uses: snapcore/action-build@v1
       id: snapcraft
-    - name: Test the package
-      run: |
-        sudo snap install --dangerous --classic ${{ steps.snapcraft.outputs.snap }}
-        dvc version
-        sudo snap remove dvc
+#    - name: Test the package
+#      run: |
+#        sudo snap install --dangerous --classic ${{ steps.snapcraft.outputs.snap }}
+#        dvc version
+#        sudo snap remove dvc
     - name: Publish to the edge channel
       uses: snapcore/action-publish@v1
       if: github.event_name == 'push'
       with:
         store_login: ${{ secrets.STORE_LOGIN }}
         snap: ${{ steps.snapcraft.outputs.snap }}
-        release: edge
+        release: edge,v2/edge
     - name: Publish to the stable channel
       uses: snapcore/action-publish@v1
-      if: github.event_name == 'release' && github.event.release.action == 'released'
+      if: ${{ github.event_name == 'release' && github.event.release.released }}
       with:
         store_login: ${{ secrets.STORE_LOGIN }}
         snap: ${{ steps.snapcraft.outputs.snap }}
-        release: stable
+        release: stable,v2/stable

.github/workflows/tests.yaml

@@ -1,57 +1,107 @@
-name: Tests build
+name: Tests
 
-on: [push, pull_request]
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - master
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
 
 env:
   DVC_TEST: "true"
   HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE: 1
   SHELL: /bin/bash
+  GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA: ${{ secrets.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA }}
+  AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+  AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+  GS_CREDS_JSON: ${{ secrets.GS_CREDS_JSON }}
 
 jobs:
   lint:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2.3.2
     - name: Set up Python 3.8
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v2.1.4
       with:
         python-version: 3.8
     - name: Install requirements
       run: pip install ".[all,tests]" Pygments collective.checkdocs pre-commit
+    - name: install temporary dependencies
+      run: |
+        pip install git+https://github.com/isidentical/gdrivefs@service-account
+        pip install git+https://github.com/isidentical/pydata-google-auth@service-account
     - name: Check README
       run: python setup.py checkdocs
-    - name: Check formatting
-      run: pre-commit run --all-files
+    - uses: pre-commit/[email protected]
   tests:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-18.04, windows-2019, macos-10.15]
-        pyv: [3.6, 3.7, 3.8]
+        pyv: ["3.6", "3.7", "3.8", "3.9"]
+# macos 11.0 workers take too long to start up
+#        include:
+#          - os: "macos-11.0"
+#            pyv: "3.9"
         exclude:
-          - os: windows-2019
-            pyv: 3.8
+          - os: macos-10.15
+            pyv: "3.9"
+
     steps:
     - uses: actions/[email protected]
     - name: Set up Python
-      uses: actions/[email protected].2
+      uses: actions/[email protected].4
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.pyv }}
-    - name: install
+    - name: get pip cache dir
+      id: pip-cache-dir
       run: |
-        pip install ".[all,tests]"
+        echo "::set-output name=dir::$(pip cache dir)"
+    - name: set pip cache
+      id: pip-cache
+      uses: actions/cache@v2
+      with:
+        path: ${{ steps.pip-cache-dir.outputs.dir }}
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip-${{ hashFiles('setup.py') }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-pip-
+    - name: install
+      if: steps.cache.pip-cache-dir.cache-hit != 'true'
+      run: |
+        pip install wheel
+        pip install -e ".[all,tests]"
+    - name: install temporary dependencies
+      run: |
+        pip install git+https://github.com/isidentical/gdrivefs@service-account
+        pip install git+https://github.com/isidentical/pydata-google-auth@service-account
     - name: setup git
       run: |
         git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
         git config --global user.name "DVC Tester"
+    - name: setup gs creds
+      shell: bash
+      if: env.GS_CREDS_JSON != ''
+      run: |
+        mkdir -p scripts/ci
+        echo "$GS_CREDS_JSON" > scripts/ci/gcp-creds.json
     - name: run tests
-      run: python -m tests --cov-report=xml
+      run: python -m tests --all --cov-report=xml --cov-report=term --tap-combined -n=4
     - name: upload coverage report
-      if: github.event.name == 'push'
       uses: codecov/[email protected]
       with:
         file: ./coverage.xml
-        fail_ci_if_error: true
-
-
+        fail_ci_if_error: false
+    - name: Post TAP
+      # Running custom fork with an option, that does not fail CI on error
+      uses: skshetry/flaky-service/packages/action@master
+      if: always() && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master'
+      with:
+        file-path: ${{github.workspace}}/testresults.tap
+        repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        os: ${{runner.os}}
+        matrix: ${{toJson(matrix)}}
+        repo-description: ${{github.event.repository.description}}
+        fail_ci_if_error: false

.gitignore

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ neatlynx/__pycache__
 *.pyc
 .env/
 .env2.7/
+.python-version
 
 .dvc.conf.lock
 .DS_Store

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ repos:
       - id: isort
         language_version: python3
     repo: https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort
-    rev: 5.4.2
+    rev: 5.6.4
   - hooks:
       - id: flake8
         language_version: python3
@@ -18,7 +18,13 @@ repos:
           - flake8-debugger
           - flake8-string-format
     repo: https://gitlab.com/pycqa/flake8
-    rev: 3.8.3
+    rev: 3.8.4
+  - hooks:
+      -  id: mypy
+         language_version: python3
+         files: ^dvc/
+    repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
+    rev: 'v0.790'
   - repo: local
     hooks:
     - id: pylint
@@ -33,7 +39,7 @@ repos:
         id: beautysh
         language_version: python3
     repo: https://github.com/lovesegfault/beautysh
-    rev: master
+    rev: 6.0.1
   - hooks:
       - args:
           - git-hook

.pylintrc

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # A comma-separated list of package or module names from where C extensions may
 # be loaded. Extensions are loading into the active Python interpreter and may
 # run arbitrary code.
-extension-pkg-whitelist=
+extension-pkg-whitelist=pygit2
 
 # Add files or directories to the blacklist. They should be base names, not
 # paths.
@@ -184,7 +184,8 @@ disable=format,
 # either give multiple identifier separated by comma (,) or put this option
 # multiple time (only on the command line, not in the configuration file where
 # it should appear only once). See also the "--disable" option for examples.
-enable=c-extension-no-member
+enable=c-extension-no-member,
+       no-else-return,
 
 
 [REPORTS]
@@ -265,7 +266,7 @@ contextmanager-decorators=contextlib.contextmanager
 # List of members which are set dynamically and missed by pylint inference
 # system, and so shouldn't trigger E1101 when accessed. Python regular
 # expressions are accepted.
-generated-members=pytest.lazy_fixture,logging.TRACE,logger.trace,sys.getwindowsversion
+generated-members=hdfs.*,pytest.lazy_fixture,logging.TRACE,logger.trace,sys.getwindowsversion
 
 # Tells whether missing members accessed in mixin class should be ignored. A
 # mixin class is detected if its name ends with "mixin" (case insensitive).
@@ -292,7 +293,7 @@ ignored-classes=optparse.Values,thread._local,_thread._local,Dvcfile
 # (useful for modules/projects where namespaces are manipulated during runtime
 # and thus existing member attributes cannot be deduced by static analysis. It
 # supports qualified module names, as well as Unix pattern matching.
-ignored-modules=
+ignored-modules=azure
 
 # Show a hint with possible names when a member name was not found. The aspect
 # of finding the hint is based on edit distance.

.restyled.yaml

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
----
-restylers:
-  - name: black
-    image: restyled/restyler-black:v19.10b0
-    command:
-    - black
-    arguments: []
-    include:
-    - "**/*.py"
-    interpreters:
-    - python
-  - name: isort
-    image: restyled/restyler-isort:v5.4.2
-    command:
-    - isort
-    arguments: []
-    include:
-    - "**/*.py"
-    interpreters:
-    - python

README.rst

@@ -201,38 +201,6 @@ Contributing
 Contributions are welcome! Please see our `Contributing Guide <https://dvc.org/doc/user-guide/contributing/core>`_ for more
 details.
 
-.. image:: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/images/0
-   :target: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/links/0
-   :alt: 0
-
-.. image:: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/images/1
-   :target: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/links/1
-   :alt: 1
-
-.. image:: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/images/2
-   :target: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/links/2
-   :alt: 2
-
-.. image:: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/images/3
-   :target: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/links/3
-   :alt: 3
-
-.. image:: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/images/4
-   :target: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/links/4
-   :alt: 4
-
-.. image:: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/images/5
-   :target: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/links/5
-   :alt: 5
-
-.. image:: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/images/6
-   :target: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/links/6
-   :alt: 6
-
-.. image:: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/images/7
-   :target: https://sourcerer.io/fame/efiop/iterative/dvc/links/7
-   :alt: 7
-
 Mailing List
 ============
 
@@ -262,9 +230,9 @@ Iterative, *DVC: Data Version Control - Git for Data & Models* (2020)
    :target: https://travis-ci.com/iterative/dvc/branches
    :alt: Release
 
-.. |CI| image:: https://img.shields.io/travis/com/iterative/dvc/master?label=dev&logo=travis
-   :target: https://travis-ci.com/iterative/dvc/builds
-   :alt: Travis dev branch
+.. |CI| image:: https://github.com/iterative/dvc/workflows/Tests/badge.svg?branch=master
+   :target: https://github.com/iterative/dvc/actions
+   :alt: GHA Tests
 
 .. |Maintainability| image:: https://codeclimate.com/github/iterative/dvc/badges/gpa.svg
    :target: https://codeclimate.com/github/iterative/dvc

dvc/_debug.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+from contextlib import ExitStack, contextmanager
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from argparse import Namespace
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def instrument(html_output=False):
+    """Run a statistical profiler"""
+    try:
+        from pyinstrument import Profiler  # pylint: disable=import-error
+    except ImportError:
+        print("Failed to run profiler, pyinstrument is not installed")
+        yield
+        return
+
+    profiler = Profiler()
+
+    profiler.start()
+    yield
+    profiler.stop()
+
+    if html_output:
+        profiler.open_in_browser()
+        return
+    print(profiler.output_text(unicode=True, color=True))
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def profile(dump_path: str = None):
+    """Run a cprofile"""
+    import cProfile
+
+    prof = cProfile.Profile()
+    prof.enable()
+
+    yield
+
+    prof.disable()
+    if not dump_path:
+        prof.print_stats(sort="cumtime")
+        return
+    prof.dump_stats(dump_path)
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def debug():
+    try:
+        yield
+    except Exception:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
+        try:
+            import ipdb as pdb  # noqa: T100, pylint: disable=import-error
+        except ImportError:
+            import pdb  # noqa: T100
+        pdb.post_mortem()
+
+        raise  # prevent from jumping ahead
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def debugtools(args: "Namespace" = None, **kwargs):
+    kw = vars(args) if args else {}
+    kw.update(kwargs)
+
+    with ExitStack() as stack:
+        if kw.get("pdb"):
+            stack.enter_context(debug())
+        if kw.get("cprofile") or kw.get("cprofile_dump"):
+            stack.enter_context(profile(kw.get("cprofile_dump")))
+        if kw.get("instrument") or kw.get("instrument_open"):
+            stack.enter_context(instrument(kw.get("instrument_open", False)))
+        yield
+
+
+def add_debugging_flags(parser):
+    from argparse import SUPPRESS
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--cprofile", action="store_true", default=False, help=SUPPRESS,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--cprofile-dump", help=SUPPRESS)
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--pdb", action="store_true", default=False, help=SUPPRESS,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--instrument", action="store_true", default=False, help=SUPPRESS,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--instrument-open", action="store_true", default=False, help=SUPPRESS,
+    )

dvc/analytics.py

@@ -1,24 +1,6 @@
 import json
 import logging
 import os
-import platform
-import sys
-import tempfile
-import uuid
-
-import distro
-import requests
-
-from dvc import __version__
-from dvc.config import Config, to_bool
-from dvc.daemon import daemon
-from dvc.exceptions import NotDvcRepoError
-from dvc.lock import Lock, LockError
-from dvc.repo import Repo
-from dvc.scm import SCM, NoSCM
-from dvc.scm.base import SCMError
-from dvc.utils import env2bool, is_binary
-from dvc.utils.fs import makedirs
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -35,6 +17,10 @@ def collect_and_send_report(args=None, return_code=None):
     report as a JSON, where the _collector_ generates it and the _sender_
     removes it after sending it.
     """
+    import tempfile
+
+    from dvc.daemon import daemon
+
     report = {}
 
     # Include command execution information on the report only when available.
@@ -50,6 +36,9 @@ def collect_and_send_report(args=None, return_code=None):
 
 
 def is_enabled():
+    from dvc.config import Config, to_bool
+    from dvc.utils import env2bool
+
     if env2bool("DVC_TEST"):
         return False
 
@@ -69,6 +58,8 @@ def send(path):
     `collect_and_send_report`. Sending happens on another process,
     thus, the need of removing such file afterwards.
     """
+    import requests
+
     url = "https://analytics.dvc.org"
     headers = {"content-type": "application/json"}
 
@@ -86,6 +77,11 @@ def send(path):
 
 
 def _scm_in_use():
+    from dvc.exceptions import NotDvcRepoError
+    from dvc.repo import Repo
+    from dvc.scm import SCM, NoSCM
+    from dvc.scm.base import SCMError
+
     try:
         scm = SCM(root_dir=Repo.find_root())
         return type(scm).__name__
@@ -99,6 +95,9 @@ def _runtime_info():
     """
     Gather information from the environment where DVC runs to fill a report.
     """
+    from dvc import __version__
+    from dvc.utils import is_binary
+
     return {
         "dvc_version": __version__,
         "is_binary": is_binary(),
@@ -109,6 +108,11 @@ def _runtime_info():
 
 
 def _system_info():
+    import platform
+    import sys
+
+    import distro
+
     system = platform.system()
 
     if system == "Windows":
@@ -147,6 +151,12 @@ def _find_or_create_user_id():
 
     IDs are generated randomly with UUID.
     """
+    import uuid
+
+    from dvc.config import Config
+    from dvc.lock import Lock, LockError
+    from dvc.utils.fs import makedirs
+
     config_dir = Config.get_dir("global")
     fname = os.path.join(config_dir, "user_id")
     lockfile = os.path.join(config_dir, "user_id.lock")

dvc/api.py

@@ -1,15 +1,10 @@
 import os
 from contextlib import _GeneratorContextManager as GCM
-from contextlib import contextmanager
 
 from funcy import reraise
 
-from dvc.exceptions import (
-    NotDvcRepoError,
-    OutputNotFoundError,
-    PathMissingError,
-)
-from dvc.external_repo import external_repo
+from dvc.exceptions import OutputNotFoundError, PathMissingError
+from dvc.objects.stage import get_hash
 from dvc.path_info import PathInfo
 from dvc.repo import Repo
 
@@ -20,22 +15,21 @@ def get_url(path, repo=None, rev=None, remote=None):
     in a DVC repo. For Git repos, HEAD is used unless a rev argument is
     supplied. The default remote is tried unless a remote argument is supplied.
 
-    Raises OutputNotFoundError if the file is not a dvc-tracked file.
+    Raises OutputNotFoundError if the file is not tracked by DVC.
 
     NOTE: This function does not check for the actual existence of the file or
     directory in the remote storage.
     """
-    with _make_repo(repo, rev=rev) as _repo:
+    with Repo.open(repo, rev=rev, subrepos=True, uninitialized=True) as _repo:
         path_info = PathInfo(_repo.root_dir) / path
         with reraise(FileNotFoundError, PathMissingError(path, repo)):
-            metadata = _repo.repo_tree.metadata(path_info)
+            metadata = _repo.repo_fs.metadata(path_info)
 
         if not metadata.is_dvc:
             raise OutputNotFoundError(path, repo)
 
         cloud = metadata.repo.cloud
-        with _repo.state:
-            hash_info = _repo.repo_tree.get_hash(path_info)
+        hash_info = get_hash(path_info, _repo.repo_fs, "md5", _repo.odb)
         return cloud.get_url_for(remote, checksum=hash_info.value)
 
 
@@ -79,7 +73,7 @@ class _OpenContextManager(GCM):
 
 
 def _open(path, repo=None, rev=None, remote=None, mode="r", encoding=None):
-    with _make_repo(repo, rev=rev) as _repo:
+    with Repo.open(repo, rev=rev, subrepos=True, uninitialized=True) as _repo:
         with _repo.open_by_relpath(
             path, remote=remote, mode=mode, encoding=encoding
         ) as fd:
@@ -98,14 +92,33 @@ def read(path, repo=None, rev=None, remote=None, mode="r", encoding=None):
         return fd.read()
 
 
-@contextmanager
-def _make_repo(repo_url=None, rev=None):
-    repo_url = repo_url or os.getcwd()
-    if rev is None and os.path.exists(repo_url):
-        try:
-            yield Repo(repo_url, subrepos=True)
-            return
-        except NotDvcRepoError:
-            pass  # fallthrough to external_repo
-    with external_repo(url=repo_url, rev=rev) as repo:
-        yield repo
+def make_checkpoint():
+    """
+    Signal DVC to create a checkpoint experiment.
+
+    If the current process is being run from DVC, this function will block
+    until DVC has finished creating the checkpoint. Otherwise, this function
+    will return immediately.
+    """
+    import builtins
+    from time import sleep
+
+    from dvc.env import DVC_CHECKPOINT, DVC_ROOT
+    from dvc.stage.monitor import CheckpointTask
+
+    if os.getenv(DVC_CHECKPOINT) is None:
+        return
+
+    root_dir = os.getenv(DVC_ROOT, Repo.find_root())
+    signal_file = os.path.join(
+        root_dir, Repo.DVC_DIR, "tmp", CheckpointTask.SIGNAL_FILE
+    )
+
+    with builtins.open(signal_file, "w") as fobj:
+        # NOTE: force flushing/writing empty file to disk, otherwise when
+        # run in certain contexts (pytest) file may not actually be written
+        fobj.write("")
+        fobj.flush()
+        os.fsync(fobj.fileno())
+    while os.path.exists(signal_file):
+        sleep(0.1)

dvc/cache/base.py

@@ -1,694 +0,0 @@
-import json
-import logging
-from copy import copy
-from operator import itemgetter
-
-from shortuuid import uuid
-
-import dvc.prompt as prompt
-from dvc.exceptions import (
-    CheckoutError,
-    ConfirmRemoveError,
-    DvcException,
-    MergeError,
-)
-from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
-from dvc.path_info import WindowsPathInfo
-from dvc.progress import Tqdm
-from dvc.remote.slow_link_detection import slow_link_guard
-
-from ..tree.base import RemoteActionNotImplemented
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-STATUS_OK = 1
-STATUS_MISSING = 2
-STATUS_NEW = 3
-STATUS_DELETED = 4
-
-STATUS_MAP = {
-    # (local_exists, remote_exists)
-    (True, True): STATUS_OK,
-    (False, False): STATUS_MISSING,
-    (True, False): STATUS_NEW,
-    (False, True): STATUS_DELETED,
-}
-
-
-class DirCacheError(DvcException):
-    def __init__(self, hash_):
-        super().__init__(
-            f"Failed to load dir cache for hash value: '{hash_}'."
-        )
-
-
-class CloudCache:
-    """Cloud cache class."""
-
-    DEFAULT_CACHE_TYPES = ["copy"]
-    CACHE_MODE = None
-
-    def __init__(self, tree):
-        self.tree = tree
-        self.repo = tree.repo
-
-        self.cache_types = tree.config.get("type") or copy(
-            self.DEFAULT_CACHE_TYPES
-        )
-        self.cache_type_confirmed = False
-        self._dir_info = {}
-
-    def get_dir_cache(self, hash_info):
-        assert hash_info
-
-        dir_info = self._dir_info.get(hash_info.value)
-        if dir_info:
-            return dir_info
-
-        try:
-            dir_info = self.load_dir_cache(hash_info)
-        except DirCacheError:
-            dir_info = []
-
-        self._dir_info[hash_info.value] = dir_info
-        return dir_info
-
-    def load_dir_cache(self, hash_info):
-        path_info = self.tree.hash_to_path_info(hash_info.value)
-
-        try:
-            with self.tree.open(path_info, "r") as fobj:
-                d = json.load(fobj)
-        except (ValueError, FileNotFoundError) as exc:
-            raise DirCacheError(hash_info) from exc
-
-        if not isinstance(d, list):
-            logger.error(
-                "dir cache file format error '%s' [skipping the file]",
-                path_info,
-            )
-            return []
-
-        if self.tree.PATH_CLS == WindowsPathInfo:
-            # only need to convert it for Windows
-            for info in d:
-                # NOTE: here is a BUG, see comment to .as_posix() below
-                relpath = info[self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH]
-                info[self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH] = relpath.replace(
-                    "/", self.tree.PATH_CLS.sep
-                )
-
-        return d
-
-    def changed(self, path_info, hash_info):
-        """Checks if data has changed.
-
-        A file is considered changed if:
-            - It doesn't exist on the working directory (was unlinked)
-            - Hash value is not computed (saving a new file)
-            - The hash value stored is different from the given one
-            - There's no file in the cache
-
-        Args:
-            path_info: dict with path information.
-            hash: expected hash value for this data.
-
-        Returns:
-            bool: True if data has changed, False otherwise.
-        """
-
-        logger.debug(
-            "checking if '%s'('%s') has changed.", path_info, hash_info
-        )
-
-        if not self.tree.exists(path_info):
-            logger.debug("'%s' doesn't exist.", path_info)
-            return True
-
-        if not hash_info:
-            logger.debug("hash value for '%s' is missing.", path_info)
-            return True
-
-        if self.changed_cache(hash_info):
-            logger.debug(
-                "cache for '%s'('%s') has changed.", path_info, hash_info
-            )
-            return True
-
-        actual = self.tree.get_hash(path_info)
-        if hash_info != actual:
-            logger.debug(
-                "hash value '%s' for '%s' has changed (actual '%s').",
-                hash_info,
-                actual,
-                path_info,
-            )
-            return True
-
-        logger.debug("'%s' hasn't changed.", path_info)
-        return False
-
-    def link(self, from_info, to_info):
-        self._link(from_info, to_info, self.cache_types)
-
-    def _link(self, from_info, to_info, link_types):
-        assert self.tree.isfile(from_info)
-
-        self.tree.makedirs(to_info.parent)
-
-        self._try_links(from_info, to_info, link_types)
-
-    def _verify_link(self, path_info, link_type):
-        if self.cache_type_confirmed:
-            return
-
-        is_link = getattr(self.tree, f"is_{link_type}", None)
-        if is_link and not is_link(path_info):
-            self.tree.remove(path_info)
-            raise DvcException(f"failed to verify {link_type}")
-
-        self.cache_type_confirmed = True
-
-    @slow_link_guard
-    def _try_links(self, from_info, to_info, link_types):
-        while link_types:
-            link_method = getattr(self.tree, link_types[0])
-            try:
-                self._do_link(from_info, to_info, link_method)
-                self._verify_link(to_info, link_types[0])
-                return
-
-            except DvcException as exc:
-                logger.debug(
-                    "Cache type '%s' is not supported: %s", link_types[0], exc
-                )
-                del link_types[0]
-
-        raise DvcException("no possible cache types left to try out.")
-
-    def _do_link(self, from_info, to_info, link_method):
-        if self.tree.exists(to_info):
-            raise DvcException(f"Link '{to_info}' already exists!")
-
-        link_method(from_info, to_info)
-
-        logger.debug(
-            "Created '%s': %s -> %s", self.cache_types[0], from_info, to_info,
-        )
-
-    def _save_file(self, path_info, tree, hash_info, save_link=True, **kwargs):
-        assert hash_info
-
-        cache_info = self.tree.hash_to_path_info(hash_info.value)
-        if tree == self.tree:
-            if self.changed_cache(hash_info):
-                self.tree.move(path_info, cache_info, mode=self.CACHE_MODE)
-                self.link(cache_info, path_info)
-            elif self.tree.iscopy(path_info) and self._cache_is_copy(
-                path_info
-            ):
-                # Default relink procedure involves unneeded copy
-                self.tree.unprotect(path_info)
-            else:
-                self.tree.remove(path_info)
-                self.link(cache_info, path_info)
-
-            if save_link:
-                self.tree.state.save_link(path_info)
-            # we need to update path and cache, since in case of reflink,
-            # or copy cache type moving original file results in updates on
-            # next executed command, which causes md5 recalculation
-            self.tree.state.save(path_info, hash_info.value)
-        else:
-            if self.changed_cache(hash_info):
-                with tree.open(path_info, mode="rb") as fobj:
-                    # if tree has fetch enabled, DVC out will be fetched on
-                    # open and we do not need to read/copy any data
-                    if not (
-                        tree.isdvc(path_info, strict=False) and tree.fetch
-                    ):
-                        self.tree.copy_fobj(fobj, cache_info)
-                callback = kwargs.get("download_callback")
-                if callback:
-                    callback(1)
-
-        self.tree.state.save(cache_info, hash_info.value)
-
-    def _cache_is_copy(self, path_info):
-        """Checks whether cache uses copies."""
-        if self.cache_type_confirmed:
-            return self.cache_types[0] == "copy"
-
-        if set(self.cache_types) <= {"copy"}:
-            return True
-
-        workspace_file = path_info.with_name("." + uuid())
-        test_cache_file = self.tree.path_info / ".cache_type_test_file"
-        if not self.tree.exists(test_cache_file):
-            with self.tree.open(test_cache_file, "wb") as fobj:
-                fobj.write(bytes(1))
-        try:
-            self.link(test_cache_file, workspace_file)
-        finally:
-            self.tree.remove(workspace_file)
-            self.tree.remove(test_cache_file)
-
-        self.cache_type_confirmed = True
-        return self.cache_types[0] == "copy"
-
-    def _get_dir_info_hash(self, dir_info):
-        import tempfile
-
-        from dvc.path_info import PathInfo
-        from dvc.utils import tmp_fname
-
-        # Sorting the list by path to ensure reproducibility
-        dir_info = sorted(dir_info, key=itemgetter(self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH))
-
-        tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False).name
-        with open(tmp, "w+") as fobj:
-            json.dump(dir_info, fobj, sort_keys=True)
-
-        from_info = PathInfo(tmp)
-        to_info = self.tree.path_info / tmp_fname("")
-        self.tree.upload(from_info, to_info, no_progress_bar=True)
-
-        hash_info = self.tree.get_file_hash(to_info)
-        hash_info.value += self.tree.CHECKSUM_DIR_SUFFIX
-        hash_info.dir_info = dir_info
-
-        return hash_info, to_info
-
-    def save_dir_info(self, dir_info, hash_info=None):
-        if (
-            hash_info
-            and hash_info.name == self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM
-            and not self.changed_cache_file(hash_info)
-        ):
-            return hash_info
-
-        hi, tmp_info = self._get_dir_info_hash(dir_info)
-        new_info = self.tree.hash_to_path_info(hi.value)
-        if self.changed_cache_file(hi):
-            self.tree.makedirs(new_info.parent)
-            self.tree.move(tmp_info, new_info, mode=self.CACHE_MODE)
-
-        self.tree.state.save(new_info, hi.value)
-
-        return hi
-
-    def _save_dir(self, path_info, tree, hash_info, save_link=True, **kwargs):
-        if not hash_info.dir_info:
-            hash_info.dir_info = tree.cache.get_dir_cache(hash_info)
-        hi = self.save_dir_info(hash_info.dir_info, hash_info)
-        for entry in Tqdm(
-            hi.dir_info, desc="Saving " + path_info.name, unit="file"
-        ):
-            entry_info = path_info / entry[self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH]
-            entry_hash = HashInfo(
-                self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM, entry[self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM]
-            )
-            self._save_file(
-                entry_info, tree, entry_hash, save_link=False, **kwargs
-            )
-
-        if save_link:
-            self.tree.state.save_link(path_info)
-        if self.tree.exists(path_info):
-            self.tree.state.save(path_info, hi.value)
-
-        cache_info = self.tree.hash_to_path_info(hi.value)
-        self.tree.state.save(cache_info, hi.value)
-
-    def save(self, path_info, tree, hash_info, save_link=True, **kwargs):
-        if path_info.scheme != self.tree.scheme:
-            raise RemoteActionNotImplemented(
-                f"save {path_info.scheme} -> {self.tree.scheme}",
-                self.tree.scheme,
-            )
-
-        self._save(path_info, tree, hash_info, save_link, **kwargs)
-
-    def _save(self, path_info, tree, hash_info, save_link=True, **kwargs):
-        to_info = self.tree.hash_to_path_info(hash_info.value)
-        logger.debug("Saving '%s' to '%s'.", path_info, to_info)
-
-        if tree.isdir(path_info):
-            self._save_dir(path_info, tree, hash_info, save_link, **kwargs)
-        else:
-            self._save_file(path_info, tree, hash_info, save_link, **kwargs)
-
-    # Override to return path as a string instead of PathInfo for clouds
-    # which support string paths (see local)
-    def hash_to_path(self, hash_):
-        return self.tree.hash_to_path_info(hash_)
-
-    def changed_cache_file(self, hash_info):
-        """Compare the given hash with the (corresponding) actual one.
-
-        - Use `State` as a cache for computed hashes
-            + The entries are invalidated by taking into account the following:
-                * mtime
-                * inode
-                * size
-                * hash
-
-        - Remove the file from cache if it doesn't match the actual hash
-        """
-        # Prefer string path over PathInfo when possible due to performance
-        cache_info = self.hash_to_path(hash_info.value)
-        if self.tree.is_protected(cache_info):
-            logger.debug(
-                "Assuming '%s' is unchanged since it is read-only", cache_info
-            )
-            return False
-
-        actual = self.tree.get_hash(cache_info)
-
-        logger.debug(
-            "cache '%s' expected '%s' actual '%s'",
-            cache_info,
-            hash_info,
-            actual,
-        )
-
-        if not hash_info or not actual:
-            return True
-
-        if actual.value.split(".")[0] == hash_info.value.split(".")[0]:
-            # making cache file read-only so we don't need to check it
-            # next time
-            self.tree.protect(cache_info)
-            return False
-
-        if self.tree.exists(cache_info):
-            logger.warning("corrupted cache file '%s'.", cache_info)
-            self.tree.remove(cache_info)
-
-        return True
-
-    def _changed_dir_cache(self, hash_info, path_info=None, filter_info=None):
-        if self.changed_cache_file(hash_info):
-            return True
-
-        for entry in self.get_dir_cache(hash_info):
-            entry_hash = HashInfo(
-                self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM, entry[self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM]
-            )
-
-            if path_info and filter_info:
-                entry_info = path_info / entry[self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH]
-                if not entry_info.isin_or_eq(filter_info):
-                    continue
-
-            if self.changed_cache_file(entry_hash):
-                return True
-
-        return False
-
-    def changed_cache(self, hash_info, path_info=None, filter_info=None):
-        if hash_info.isdir:
-            return self._changed_dir_cache(
-                hash_info, path_info=path_info, filter_info=filter_info
-            )
-        return self.changed_cache_file(hash_info)
-
-    def already_cached(self, path_info):
-        current = self.tree.get_hash(path_info)
-
-        if not current:
-            return False
-
-        return not self.changed_cache(current)
-
-    def safe_remove(self, path_info, force=False):
-        if not self.tree.exists(path_info):
-            return
-
-        if not force and not self.already_cached(path_info):
-            msg = (
-                "file '{}' is going to be removed."
-                " Are you sure you want to proceed?".format(str(path_info))
-            )
-
-            if not prompt.confirm(msg):
-                raise ConfirmRemoveError(str(path_info))
-
-        self.tree.remove(path_info)
-
-    def _checkout_file(
-        self, path_info, hash_info, force, progress_callback=None, relink=False
-    ):
-        """The file is changed we need to checkout a new copy"""
-        added, modified = True, False
-        cache_info = self.tree.hash_to_path_info(hash_info.value)
-        if self.tree.exists(path_info):
-            logger.debug("data '%s' will be replaced.", path_info)
-            self.safe_remove(path_info, force=force)
-            added, modified = False, True
-
-        self.link(cache_info, path_info)
-        self.tree.state.save_link(path_info)
-        self.tree.state.save(path_info, hash_info.value)
-        if progress_callback:
-            progress_callback(str(path_info))
-
-        return added, modified and not relink
-
-    def _checkout_dir(
-        self,
-        path_info,
-        hash_info,
-        force,
-        progress_callback=None,
-        relink=False,
-        filter_info=None,
-    ):
-        added, modified = False, False
-        # Create dir separately so that dir is created
-        # even if there are no files in it
-        if not self.tree.exists(path_info):
-            added = True
-            self.tree.makedirs(path_info)
-
-        dir_info = self.get_dir_cache(hash_info)
-
-        logger.debug("Linking directory '%s'.", path_info)
-
-        for entry in dir_info:
-            relative_path = entry[self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH]
-            entry_hash = entry[self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM]
-            entry_cache_info = self.tree.hash_to_path_info(entry_hash)
-            entry_info = path_info / relative_path
-
-            if filter_info and not entry_info.isin_or_eq(filter_info):
-                continue
-
-            entry_hash_info = HashInfo(self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM, entry_hash)
-            if relink or self.changed(entry_info, entry_hash_info):
-                modified = True
-                self.safe_remove(entry_info, force=force)
-                self.link(entry_cache_info, entry_info)
-                self.tree.state.save(entry_info, entry_hash)
-            if progress_callback:
-                progress_callback(str(entry_info))
-
-        modified = (
-            self._remove_redundant_files(path_info, dir_info, force)
-            or modified
-        )
-
-        self.tree.state.save_link(path_info)
-        self.tree.state.save(path_info, hash_info.value)
-
-        # relink is not modified, assume it as nochange
-        return added, not added and modified and not relink
-
-    def _remove_redundant_files(self, path_info, dir_info, force):
-        existing_files = set(self.tree.walk_files(path_info))
-
-        needed_files = {
-            path_info / entry[self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH] for entry in dir_info
-        }
-        redundant_files = existing_files - needed_files
-        for path in redundant_files:
-            self.safe_remove(path, force)
-
-        return bool(redundant_files)
-
-    def checkout(
-        self,
-        path_info,
-        hash_info,
-        force=False,
-        progress_callback=None,
-        relink=False,
-        filter_info=None,
-    ):
-        if path_info.scheme not in ["local", self.tree.scheme]:
-            raise NotImplementedError
-
-        failed = None
-        skip = False
-        if not hash_info:
-            logger.warning(
-                "No file hash info found for '%s'. " "It won't be created.",
-                path_info,
-            )
-            self.safe_remove(path_info, force=force)
-            failed = path_info
-
-        elif not relink and not self.changed(path_info, hash_info):
-            logger.debug("Data '%s' didn't change.", path_info)
-            skip = True
-
-        elif self.changed_cache(
-            hash_info, path_info=path_info, filter_info=filter_info
-        ):
-            logger.warning(
-                "Cache '%s' not found. File '%s' won't be created.",
-                hash_info,
-                path_info,
-            )
-            self.safe_remove(path_info, force=force)
-            failed = path_info
-
-        if failed or skip:
-            if progress_callback:
-                progress_callback(
-                    str(path_info),
-                    self.get_files_number(
-                        self.tree.path_info, hash_info, filter_info
-                    ),
-                )
-            if failed:
-                raise CheckoutError([failed])
-            return
-
-        logger.debug(
-            "Checking out '%s' with cache '%s'.", path_info, hash_info
-        )
-
-        return self._checkout(
-            path_info,
-            hash_info,
-            force,
-            progress_callback,
-            relink,
-            filter_info,
-        )
-
-    def _checkout(
-        self,
-        path_info,
-        hash_info,
-        force=False,
-        progress_callback=None,
-        relink=False,
-        filter_info=None,
-    ):
-        if not hash_info.isdir:
-            return self._checkout_file(
-                path_info, hash_info, force, progress_callback, relink
-            )
-
-        return self._checkout_dir(
-            path_info, hash_info, force, progress_callback, relink, filter_info
-        )
-
-    def get_files_number(self, path_info, hash_info, filter_info):
-        from funcy.py3 import ilen
-
-        if not hash_info:
-            return 0
-
-        if not hash_info.isdir:
-            return 1
-
-        if not filter_info:
-            return len(self.get_dir_cache(hash_info))
-
-        return ilen(
-            filter_info.isin_or_eq(path_info / entry[self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM])
-            for entry in self.get_dir_cache(hash_info)
-        )
-
-    def _to_dict(self, dir_info):
-        return {
-            entry[self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH]: entry[self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM]
-            for entry in dir_info
-        }
-
-    def _from_dict(self, dir_dict):
-        return [
-            {
-                self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH: relpath,
-                self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM: checksum,
-            }
-            for relpath, checksum in dir_dict.items()
-        ]
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _diff(ancestor, other, allow_removed=False):
-        from dictdiffer import diff
-
-        allowed = ["add"]
-        if allow_removed:
-            allowed.append("remove")
-
-        result = list(diff(ancestor, other))
-        for typ, _, _ in result:
-            if typ not in allowed:
-                raise MergeError(
-                    "unable to auto-merge directories with diff that contains "
-                    f"'{typ}'ed files"
-                )
-        return result
-
-    def _merge_dirs(self, ancestor_info, our_info, their_info):
-        from dictdiffer import patch
-
-        ancestor = self._to_dict(ancestor_info)
-        our = self._to_dict(our_info)
-        their = self._to_dict(their_info)
-
-        our_diff = self._diff(ancestor, our)
-        if not our_diff:
-            return self._from_dict(their)
-
-        their_diff = self._diff(ancestor, their)
-        if not their_diff:
-            return self._from_dict(our)
-
-        # make sure there are no conflicting files
-        self._diff(our, their, allow_removed=True)
-
-        merged = patch(our_diff + their_diff, ancestor, in_place=True)
-
-        # Sorting the list by path to ensure reproducibility
-        return sorted(
-            self._from_dict(merged), key=itemgetter(self.tree.PARAM_RELPATH)
-        )
-
-    def merge(self, ancestor_info, our_info, their_info):
-        assert our_info
-        assert their_info
-
-        if ancestor_info:
-            ancestor = self.get_dir_cache(ancestor_info)
-        else:
-            ancestor = []
-
-        our = self.get_dir_cache(our_info)
-        their = self.get_dir_cache(their_info)
-
-        merged = self._merge_dirs(ancestor, our, their)
-        return self.save_dir_info(merged)
-
-    def get_hash(self, tree, path_info):
-        hash_info = tree.get_hash(path_info)
-        if not hash_info.isdir:
-            assert hash_info.name == self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM
-            return hash_info
-
-        return self.save_dir_info(hash_info.dir_info, hash_info)

dvc/cache/local.py

@@ -1,472 +0,0 @@
-import errno
-import logging
-import os
-from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed
-from functools import partial, wraps
-
-from funcy import cached_property, concat
-
-from dvc.exceptions import DownloadError, UploadError
-from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
-from dvc.path_info import PathInfo
-from dvc.progress import Tqdm
-
-from ..remote.base import index_locked
-from ..tree.local import LocalTree
-from .base import (
-    STATUS_DELETED,
-    STATUS_MAP,
-    STATUS_MISSING,
-    STATUS_NEW,
-    CloudCache,
-)
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def _log_exceptions(func, operation):
-    @wraps(func)
-    def wrapper(from_info, to_info, *args, **kwargs):
-        try:
-            func(from_info, to_info, *args, **kwargs)
-            return 0
-        except Exception as exc:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
-            # NOTE: this means we ran out of file descriptors and there is no
-            # reason to try to proceed, as we will hit this error anyways.
-            # pylint: disable=no-member
-            if isinstance(exc, OSError) and exc.errno == errno.EMFILE:
-                raise
-
-            logger.exception(
-                "failed to %s '%s' to '%s'", operation, from_info, to_info
-            )
-            return 1
-
-    return wrapper
-
-
-class LocalCache(CloudCache):
-    DEFAULT_CACHE_TYPES = ["reflink", "copy"]
-    CACHE_MODE = LocalTree.CACHE_MODE
-
-    def __init__(self, tree):
-        super().__init__(tree)
-        self.cache_dir = tree.config.get("url")
-
-    @property
-    def cache_dir(self):
-        return self.tree.path_info.fspath if self.tree.path_info else None
-
-    @cache_dir.setter
-    def cache_dir(self, value):
-        self.tree.path_info = PathInfo(value) if value else None
-
-    @classmethod
-    def supported(cls, config):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
-        return True
-
-    @cached_property
-    def cache_path(self):
-        return os.path.abspath(self.cache_dir)
-
-    def hash_to_path(self, hash_):
-        # NOTE: `self.cache_path` is already normalized so we can simply use
-        # `os.sep` instead of `os.path.join`. This results in this helper
-        # being ~5.5 times faster.
-        return f"{self.cache_path}{os.sep}{hash_[0:2]}{os.sep}{hash_[2:]}"
-
-    def hashes_exist(
-        self, hashes, jobs=None, name=None
-    ):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
-        return [
-            hash_
-            for hash_ in Tqdm(
-                hashes,
-                unit="file",
-                desc="Querying "
-                + ("cache in " + name if name else "local cache"),
-            )
-            if not self.changed_cache_file(
-                HashInfo(self.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM, hash_)
-            )
-        ]
-
-    def already_cached(self, path_info):
-        assert path_info.scheme in ["", "local"]
-
-        return super().already_cached(path_info)
-
-    def _verify_link(self, path_info, link_type):
-        if link_type == "hardlink" and self.tree.getsize(path_info) == 0:
-            return
-
-        super()._verify_link(path_info, link_type)
-
-    @index_locked
-    def status(
-        self,
-        named_cache,
-        remote,
-        jobs=None,
-        show_checksums=False,
-        download=False,
-        log_missing=True,
-    ):
-        # Return flattened dict containing all status info
-        dir_status, file_status, _ = self._status(
-            named_cache,
-            remote,
-            jobs=jobs,
-            show_checksums=show_checksums,
-            download=download,
-            log_missing=log_missing,
-        )
-        return dict(dir_status, **file_status)
-
-    def _status(
-        self,
-        named_cache,
-        remote,
-        jobs=None,
-        show_checksums=False,
-        download=False,
-        log_missing=True,
-    ):
-        """Return a tuple of (dir_status_info, file_status_info, dir_contents).
-
-        dir_status_info contains status for .dir files, file_status_info
-        contains status for all other files, and dir_contents is a dict of
-        {dir_hash: set(file_hash, ...)} which can be used to map
-        a .dir file to its file contents.
-        """
-        logger.debug(
-            f"Preparing to collect status from {remote.tree.path_info}"
-        )
-        md5s = set(named_cache.scheme_keys(self.tree.scheme))
-
-        logger.debug("Collecting information from local cache...")
-        local_exists = frozenset(
-            self.hashes_exist(md5s, jobs=jobs, name=self.cache_dir)
-        )
-
-        # This is a performance optimization. We can safely assume that,
-        # if the resources that we want to fetch are already cached,
-        # there's no need to check the remote storage for the existence of
-        # those files.
-        if download and local_exists == md5s:
-            remote_exists = local_exists
-        else:
-            logger.debug("Collecting information from remote cache...")
-            remote_exists = set()
-            dir_md5s = set(named_cache.dir_keys(self.tree.scheme))
-            if dir_md5s:
-                remote_exists.update(
-                    self._indexed_dir_hashes(named_cache, remote, dir_md5s)
-                )
-                md5s.difference_update(remote_exists)
-            if md5s:
-                remote_exists.update(
-                    remote.hashes_exist(
-                        md5s, jobs=jobs, name=str(remote.tree.path_info)
-                    )
-                )
-        return self._make_status(
-            named_cache,
-            show_checksums,
-            local_exists,
-            remote_exists,
-            log_missing,
-        )
-
-    def _make_status(
-        self,
-        named_cache,
-        show_checksums,
-        local_exists,
-        remote_exists,
-        log_missing,
-    ):
-        def make_names(hash_, names):
-            return {"name": hash_ if show_checksums else " ".join(names)}
-
-        dir_status = {}
-        file_status = {}
-        dir_contents = {}
-        for hash_, item in named_cache[self.tree.scheme].items():
-            if item.children:
-                dir_status[hash_] = make_names(hash_, item.names)
-                dir_contents[hash_] = set()
-                for child_hash, child in item.children.items():
-                    file_status[child_hash] = make_names(
-                        child_hash, child.names
-                    )
-                    dir_contents[hash_].add(child_hash)
-            else:
-                file_status[hash_] = make_names(hash_, item.names)
-
-        self._fill_statuses(dir_status, local_exists, remote_exists)
-        self._fill_statuses(file_status, local_exists, remote_exists)
-
-        if log_missing:
-            self._log_missing_caches(dict(dir_status, **file_status))
-
-        return dir_status, file_status, dir_contents
-
-    def _indexed_dir_hashes(self, named_cache, remote, dir_md5s):
-        # Validate our index by verifying all indexed .dir hashes
-        # still exist on the remote
-        indexed_dirs = set(remote.index.dir_hashes())
-        indexed_dir_exists = set()
-        if indexed_dirs:
-            indexed_dir_exists.update(
-                remote.tree.list_hashes_exists(indexed_dirs)
-            )
-            missing_dirs = indexed_dirs.difference(indexed_dir_exists)
-            if missing_dirs:
-                logger.debug(
-                    "Remote cache missing indexed .dir hashes '{}', "
-                    "clearing remote index".format(", ".join(missing_dirs))
-                )
-                remote.index.clear()
-
-        # Check if non-indexed (new) dir hashes exist on remote
-        dir_exists = dir_md5s.intersection(indexed_dir_exists)
-        dir_exists.update(
-            remote.tree.list_hashes_exists(dir_md5s - dir_exists)
-        )
-
-        # If .dir hash exists on the remote, assume directory contents
-        # still exists on the remote
-        for dir_hash in dir_exists:
-            file_hashes = list(
-                named_cache.child_keys(self.tree.scheme, dir_hash)
-            )
-            if dir_hash not in remote.index:
-                logger.debug(
-                    "Indexing new .dir '{}' with '{}' nested files".format(
-                        dir_hash, len(file_hashes)
-                    )
-                )
-                remote.index.update([dir_hash], file_hashes)
-            yield dir_hash
-            yield from file_hashes
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _fill_statuses(hash_info_dir, local_exists, remote_exists):
-        # Using sets because they are way faster for lookups
-        local = set(local_exists)
-        remote = set(remote_exists)
-
-        for md5, info in hash_info_dir.items():
-            status = STATUS_MAP[(md5 in local, md5 in remote)]
-            info["status"] = status
-
-    def _get_plans(self, download, remote, status_info, status):
-        cache = []
-        path_infos = []
-        names = []
-        hashes = []
-        missing = []
-        for md5, info in Tqdm(
-            status_info.items(), desc="Analysing status", unit="file"
-        ):
-            if info["status"] == status:
-                cache.append(self.tree.hash_to_path_info(md5))
-                path_infos.append(remote.tree.hash_to_path_info(md5))
-                names.append(info["name"])
-                hashes.append(md5)
-            elif info["status"] == STATUS_MISSING:
-                missing.append(md5)
-
-        if download:
-            to_infos = cache
-            from_infos = path_infos
-        else:
-            to_infos = path_infos
-            from_infos = cache
-
-        return (from_infos, to_infos, names, hashes), missing
-
-    def _process(
-        self,
-        named_cache,
-        remote,
-        jobs=None,
-        show_checksums=False,
-        download=False,
-    ):
-        logger.debug(
-            "Preparing to {} '{}'".format(
-                "download data from" if download else "upload data to",
-                remote.tree.path_info,
-            )
-        )
-
-        if download:
-            func = partial(
-                _log_exceptions(remote.tree.download, "download"),
-                dir_mode=self.tree.dir_mode,
-                file_mode=self.tree.file_mode,
-            )
-            status = STATUS_DELETED
-            desc = "Downloading"
-        else:
-            func = _log_exceptions(remote.tree.upload, "upload")
-            status = STATUS_NEW
-            desc = "Uploading"
-
-        if jobs is None:
-            jobs = remote.tree.JOBS
-
-        dir_status, file_status, dir_contents = self._status(
-            named_cache,
-            remote,
-            jobs=jobs,
-            show_checksums=show_checksums,
-            download=download,
-        )
-
-        dir_plans, _ = self._get_plans(download, remote, dir_status, status)
-        file_plans, missing_files = self._get_plans(
-            download, remote, file_status, status
-        )
-
-        total = len(dir_plans[0]) + len(file_plans[0])
-        if total == 0:
-            return 0
-
-        with Tqdm(total=total, unit="file", desc=desc) as pbar:
-            func = pbar.wrap_fn(func)
-            with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=jobs) as executor:
-                if download:
-                    from_infos, to_infos, names, _ = (
-                        d + f for d, f in zip(dir_plans, file_plans)
-                    )
-                    fails = sum(
-                        executor.map(func, from_infos, to_infos, names)
-                    )
-                else:
-                    # for uploads, push files first, and any .dir files last
-
-                    file_futures = {}
-                    for from_info, to_info, name, hash_ in zip(*file_plans):
-                        file_futures[hash_] = executor.submit(
-                            func, from_info, to_info, name
-                        )
-                    dir_futures = {}
-                    for from_info, to_info, name, dir_hash in zip(*dir_plans):
-                        # if for some reason a file contained in this dir is
-                        # missing both locally and in the remote, we want to
-                        # push whatever file content we have, but should not
-                        # push .dir file
-                        for file_hash in missing_files:
-                            if file_hash in dir_contents[dir_hash]:
-                                logger.debug(
-                                    "directory '%s' contains missing files,"
-                                    "skipping .dir file upload",
-                                    name,
-                                )
-                                break
-                        else:
-                            wait_futures = {
-                                future
-                                for file_hash, future in file_futures.items()
-                                if file_hash in dir_contents[dir_hash]
-                            }
-                            dir_futures[dir_hash] = executor.submit(
-                                self._dir_upload,
-                                func,
-                                wait_futures,
-                                from_info,
-                                to_info,
-                                name,
-                            )
-                    fails = sum(
-                        future.result()
-                        for future in concat(
-                            file_futures.values(), dir_futures.values()
-                        )
-                    )
-
-        if fails:
-            if download:
-                remote.index.clear()
-                raise DownloadError(fails)
-            raise UploadError(fails)
-
-        if not download:
-            # index successfully pushed dirs
-            for dir_hash, future in dir_futures.items():
-                if future.result() == 0:
-                    file_hashes = dir_contents[dir_hash]
-                    logger.debug(
-                        "Indexing pushed dir '{}' with "
-                        "'{}' nested files".format(dir_hash, len(file_hashes))
-                    )
-                    remote.index.update([dir_hash], file_hashes)
-
-        return len(dir_plans[0]) + len(file_plans[0])
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _dir_upload(func, futures, from_info, to_info, name):
-        for future in as_completed(futures):
-            if future.result():
-                # do not upload this .dir file if any file in this
-                # directory failed to upload
-                logger.debug(
-                    "failed to upload full contents of '{}', "
-                    "aborting .dir file upload".format(name)
-                )
-                logger.error(f"failed to upload '{from_info}' to '{to_info}'")
-                return 1
-        return func(from_info, to_info, name)
-
-    @index_locked
-    def push(self, named_cache, remote, jobs=None, show_checksums=False):
-        return self._process(
-            named_cache,
-            remote,
-            jobs=jobs,
-            show_checksums=show_checksums,
-            download=False,
-        )
-
-    @index_locked
-    def pull(self, named_cache, remote, jobs=None, show_checksums=False):
-        ret = self._process(
-            named_cache,
-            remote,
-            jobs=jobs,
-            show_checksums=show_checksums,
-            download=True,
-        )
-
-        if not remote.tree.verify:
-            for checksum in named_cache.scheme_keys("local"):
-                cache_file = self.tree.hash_to_path_info(checksum)
-                if self.tree.exists(cache_file):
-                    # We can safely save here, as existing corrupted files will
-                    # be removed upon status, while files corrupted during
-                    # download will not be moved from tmp_file
-                    # (see `BaseTree.download()`)
-                    self.tree.state.save(cache_file, checksum)
-
-        return ret
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _log_missing_caches(hash_info_dict):
-        missing_caches = [
-            (md5, info)
-            for md5, info in hash_info_dict.items()
-            if info["status"] == STATUS_MISSING
-        ]
-        if missing_caches:
-            missing_desc = "\n".join(
-                "name: {}, md5: {}".format(info["name"], md5)
-                for md5, info in missing_caches
-            )
-            msg = (
-                "Some of the cache files do not exist neither locally "
-                "nor on remote. Missing cache files:\n{}".format(missing_desc)
-            )
-            logger.warning(msg)

dvc/checkout.py

@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+import logging
+
+from shortuuid import uuid
+
+import dvc.prompt as prompt
+from dvc.exceptions import (
+    CacheLinkError,
+    CheckoutError,
+    ConfirmRemoveError,
+    DvcException,
+)
+from dvc.objects import ObjectFormatError, check, load
+from dvc.objects.stage import get_hash
+from dvc.remote.slow_link_detection import (  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    slow_link_guard,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _changed(path_info, fs, obj, cache):
+    logger.trace("checking if '%s'('%s') has changed.", path_info, obj)
+
+    try:
+        check(cache, obj)
+    except (FileNotFoundError, ObjectFormatError):
+        logger.debug(
+            "cache for '%s'('%s') has changed.", path_info, obj.hash_info
+        )
+        return True
+
+    try:
+        actual = get_hash(path_info, fs, obj.hash_info.name, cache)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        logger.debug("'%s' doesn't exist.", path_info)
+        return True
+
+    if obj.hash_info != actual:
+        logger.debug(
+            "hash value '%s' for '%s' has changed (actual '%s').",
+            obj.hash_info,
+            actual,
+            path_info,
+        )
+        return True
+
+    logger.trace("'%s' hasn't changed.", path_info)
+    return False
+
+
+def _remove(path_info, fs, cache, force=False):
+    if not fs.exists(path_info):
+        return
+
+    if force:
+        fs.remove(path_info)
+        return
+
+    current = get_hash(path_info, fs, fs.PARAM_CHECKSUM, cache)
+    try:
+        obj = load(cache, current)
+        check(cache, obj)
+    except (FileNotFoundError, ObjectFormatError):
+        msg = (
+            f"file/directory '{path_info}' is going to be removed. "
+            "Are you sure you want to proceed?"
+        )
+
+        if not prompt.confirm(msg):
+            raise ConfirmRemoveError(str(path_info))
+
+    fs.remove(path_info)
+
+
+def _verify_link(cache, path_info, link_type):
+    if link_type == "hardlink" and cache.fs.getsize(path_info) == 0:
+        return
+
+    if cache.cache_type_confirmed:
+        return
+
+    is_link = getattr(cache.fs, f"is_{link_type}", None)
+    if is_link and not is_link(path_info):
+        cache.fs.remove(path_info)
+        raise DvcException(f"failed to verify {link_type}")
+
+    cache.cache_type_confirmed = True
+
+
+def _do_link(cache, from_info, to_info, link_method):
+    if cache.fs.exists(to_info):
+        raise DvcException(f"Link '{to_info}' already exists!")
+
+    link_method(from_info, to_info)
+
+    logger.debug(
+        "Created '%s': %s -> %s", cache.cache_types[0], from_info, to_info,
+    )
+
+
+@slow_link_guard
+def _try_links(cache, from_info, to_info, link_types):
+    while link_types:
+        link_method = getattr(cache.fs, link_types[0])
+        try:
+            _do_link(cache, from_info, to_info, link_method)
+            _verify_link(cache, to_info, link_types[0])
+            return
+
+        except DvcException as exc:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Cache type '%s' is not supported: %s", link_types[0], exc
+            )
+            del link_types[0]
+
+    raise CacheLinkError([to_info])
+
+
+def _link(cache, from_info, to_info):
+    assert cache.fs.isfile(from_info)
+    cache.makedirs(to_info.parent)
+    _try_links(cache, from_info, to_info, cache.cache_types)
+
+
+def _cache_is_copy(cache, path_info):
+    """Checks whether cache uses copies."""
+    if cache.cache_type_confirmed:
+        return cache.cache_types[0] == "copy"
+
+    if set(cache.cache_types) <= {"copy"}:
+        return True
+
+    workspace_file = path_info.with_name("." + uuid())
+    test_cache_file = cache.fs.path_info / ".cache_type_test_file"
+    if not cache.fs.exists(test_cache_file):
+        cache.makedirs(test_cache_file.parent)
+        with cache.fs.open(test_cache_file, "wb") as fobj:
+            fobj.write(bytes(1))
+    try:
+        _link(cache, test_cache_file, workspace_file)
+    finally:
+        cache.fs.remove(workspace_file)
+        cache.fs.remove(test_cache_file)
+
+    cache.cache_type_confirmed = True
+    return cache.cache_types[0] == "copy"
+
+
+def _checkout_file(
+    path_info, fs, obj, cache, force, progress_callback=None, relink=False,
+):
+    """The file is changed we need to checkout a new copy"""
+    modified = False
+    cache_info = cache.hash_to_path_info(obj.hash_info.value)
+    if fs.exists(path_info):
+        if not relink and _changed(path_info, fs, obj, cache):
+            modified = True
+            _remove(path_info, fs, cache, force=force)
+            _link(cache, cache_info, path_info)
+        else:
+            if fs.iscopy(path_info) and _cache_is_copy(cache, path_info):
+                cache.unprotect(path_info)
+            else:
+                _remove(path_info, fs, cache, force=force)
+                _link(cache, cache_info, path_info)
+    else:
+        _link(cache, cache_info, path_info)
+        modified = True
+
+    fs.repo.state.save(path_info, fs, obj.hash_info)
+    if progress_callback:
+        progress_callback(str(path_info))
+
+    return modified
+
+
+def _remove_redundant_files(path_info, fs, dir_info, cache, force):
+    existing_files = set(fs.walk_files(path_info))
+
+    needed_files = {path_info.joinpath(*key) for key, _ in dir_info.items()}
+    redundant_files = existing_files - needed_files
+    for path in redundant_files:
+        _remove(path, fs, cache, force)
+
+    return bool(redundant_files)
+
+
+def _checkout_dir(
+    path_info, fs, obj, cache, force, progress_callback=None, relink=False,
+):
+    modified = False, False
+    # Create dir separately so that dir is created
+    # even if there are no files in it
+    if not fs.exists(path_info):
+        modified = True
+        fs.makedirs(path_info)
+
+    logger.debug("Linking directory '%s'.", path_info)
+
+    for entry_key, entry_hash_info in obj.hash_info.dir_info.items():
+        entry_modified = _checkout_file(
+            path_info.joinpath(*entry_key),
+            fs,
+            cache.get(entry_hash_info),
+            cache,
+            force,
+            progress_callback,
+            relink,
+        )
+        if entry_modified:
+            modified = True
+
+    modified = (
+        _remove_redundant_files(
+            path_info, fs, obj.hash_info.dir_info, cache, force
+        )
+        or modified
+    )
+
+    fs.repo.state.save(path_info, fs, obj.hash_info)
+
+    # relink is not modified, assume it as nochange
+    return modified and not relink
+
+
+def _checkout(
+    path_info,
+    fs,
+    obj,
+    cache,
+    force=False,
+    progress_callback=None,
+    relink=False,
+):
+    if not obj.hash_info.isdir:
+        ret = _checkout_file(
+            path_info, fs, obj, cache, force, progress_callback, relink
+        )
+    else:
+        ret = _checkout_dir(
+            path_info, fs, obj, cache, force, progress_callback, relink,
+        )
+
+    fs.repo.state.save_link(path_info, fs)
+
+    return ret
+
+
+def checkout(
+    path_info,
+    fs,
+    obj,
+    cache,
+    force=False,
+    progress_callback=None,
+    relink=False,
+    quiet=False,
+):
+    if path_info.scheme not in ["local", cache.fs.scheme]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    failed = None
+    skip = False
+    if not obj:
+        if not quiet:
+            logger.warning(
+                "No file hash info found for '%s'. It won't be created.",
+                path_info,
+            )
+        _remove(path_info, fs, cache, force=force)
+        failed = path_info
+
+    elif not relink and not _changed(path_info, fs, obj, cache):
+        logger.trace("Data '%s' didn't change.", path_info)
+        skip = True
+    else:
+        try:
+            check(cache, obj)
+        except (FileNotFoundError, ObjectFormatError):
+            if not quiet:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Cache '%s' not found. File '%s' won't be created.",
+                    obj.hash_info,
+                    path_info,
+                )
+            _remove(path_info, fs, cache, force=force)
+            failed = path_info
+
+    if failed or skip:
+        if progress_callback and obj:
+            progress_callback(
+                str(path_info), len(obj),
+            )
+        if failed:
+            raise CheckoutError([failed])
+        return
+
+    logger.debug("Checking out '%s' with cache '%s'.", path_info, obj)
+
+    return _checkout(
+        path_info, fs, obj, cache, force, progress_callback, relink,
+    )

dvc/cli.py

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 """DVC command line interface"""
 import argparse
 import logging
+import os
 import sys
 
+from ._debug import add_debugging_flags
 from .command import (
     add,
     cache,
@@ -26,6 +28,7 @@ from .command import (
     imp_url,
     init,
     install,
+    live,
     ls,
     metrics,
     move,
@@ -36,6 +39,7 @@ from .command import (
     repro,
     root,
     run,
+    stage,
     unprotect,
     update,
     version,
@@ -79,8 +83,10 @@ COMMANDS = [
     update,
     git_hook,
     plots,
+    stage,
     experiments,
     check_ignore,
+    live,
 ]
 
 
@@ -136,15 +142,7 @@ def get_parent_parser():
     in order to prevent some weird behavior.
     """
     parent_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(add_help=False)
-
-    parent_parser.add_argument(
-        "--cprofile",
-        action="store_true",
-        default=False,
-        help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
-    )
-    parent_parser.add_argument("--cprofile-dump", help=argparse.SUPPRESS)
-
+    add_debugging_flags(parent_parser)
     log_level_group = parent_parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
     log_level_group.add_argument(
         "-q", "--quiet", action="count", default=0, help="Be quiet."
@@ -191,6 +189,14 @@ def get_main_parser():
         help="Show program's version.",
     )
 
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--cd",
+        default=os.path.curdir,
+        metavar="<path>",
+        help="Change to directory before executing.",
+        type=str,
+    )
+
     # Sub commands
     subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(
         title="Available Commands",

dvc/command/add.py

@@ -3,13 +3,17 @@ import logging
 
 from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException, RecursiveAddingWhileUsingFilename
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class CmdAdd(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.exceptions import (
+            DvcException,
+            RecursiveAddingWhileUsingFilename,
+        )
+
         try:
             if len(self.args.targets) > 1 and self.args.file:
                 raise RecursiveAddingWhileUsingFilename()
@@ -20,6 +24,12 @@ class CmdAdd(CmdBase):
                 no_commit=self.args.no_commit,
                 fname=self.args.file,
                 external=self.args.external,
+                glob=self.args.glob,
+                desc=self.args.desc,
+                out=self.args.out,
+                remote=self.args.remote,
+                to_remote=self.args.to_remote,
+                jobs=self.args.jobs,
             )
 
         except DvcException:
@@ -57,11 +67,55 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help="Allow targets that are outside of the DVC repository.",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--glob",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Allows targets containing shell-style wildcards.",
+    )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--file",
-        help="Specify name of the DVC-file this command will generate.",
+        help="Specify name of the .dvc file this command will generate.",
         metavar="<filename>",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-o",
+        "--out",
+        help="Destination path to put files to.",
+        metavar="<path>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--to-remote",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Download it directly to the remote",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-r",
+        "--remote",
+        help="Remote storage to download to",
+        metavar="<name>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-j",
+        "--jobs",
+        type=int,
+        help=(
+            "Number of jobs to run simultaneously. "
+            "The default value is 4 * cpu_count(). "
+            "For SSH remotes, the default is 4. "
+        ),
+        metavar="<number>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--desc",
+        type=str,
+        metavar="<text>",
+        help=(
+            "User description of the data (optional). "
+            "This doesn't affect any DVC operations."
+        ),
+    )
     parser.add_argument(
         "targets", nargs="+", help="Input files/directories to add.",
     ).complete = completion.FILE

dvc/command/base.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import logging
+import os
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -28,24 +29,21 @@ def append_doc_link(help_message, path):
 
 
 class CmdBase(ABC):
+    UNINITIALIZED = False
+
     def __init__(self, args):
         from dvc.repo import Repo
         from dvc.updater import Updater
 
-        self.repo = Repo()
+        os.chdir(args.cd)
+
+        self.repo = Repo(uninitialized=self.UNINITIALIZED)
         self.config = self.repo.config
         self.args = args
-        hardlink_lock = self.config["core"].get("hardlink_lock", False)
-        updater = Updater(self.repo.tmp_dir, hardlink_lock=hardlink_lock)
-        updater.check()
-
-    @property
-    def default_targets(self):
-        """Default targets for `dvc repro`."""
-        from dvc.dvcfile import PIPELINE_FILE
-
-        logger.debug(f"assuming default target '{PIPELINE_FILE}'.")
-        return [PIPELINE_FILE]
+        if self.repo.tmp_dir:
+            hardlink_lock = self.config["core"].get("hardlink_lock", False)
+            updater = Updater(self.repo.tmp_dir, hardlink_lock=hardlink_lock)
+            updater.check()
 
     @abstractmethod
     def run(self):
@@ -55,3 +53,5 @@ class CmdBase(ABC):
 class CmdBaseNoRepo(CmdBase):
     def __init__(self, args):  # pylint: disable=super-init-not-called
         self.args = args
+
+        os.chdir(args.cd)

dvc/command/cache.py

@@ -1,14 +1,31 @@
 import argparse
+import logging
 
 from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import append_doc_link, fix_subparsers
 from dvc.command.config import CmdConfig
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
 
 class CmdCacheDir(CmdConfig):
     def run(self):
-        with self.config.edit(level=self.args.level) as edit:
-            edit["cache"]["dir"] = self.args.value
+        if self.args.value is None and not self.args.unset:
+            if self.args.level:
+                conf = self.config.read(level=self.args.level)
+            else:
+                # Use merged config with default values
+                conf = self.config
+            self._check(conf, False, "cache", "dir")
+            logger.info(conf["cache"]["dir"])
+            return 0
+        with self.config.edit(level=self.args.level) as conf:
+            if self.args.unset:
+                self._check(conf, False, "cache", "dir")
+                del conf["cache"]["dir"]
+            else:
+                self._check(conf, False, "cache")
+                conf["cache"]["dir"] = self.args.value
         return 0
 
 
@@ -55,6 +72,8 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         "value",
         help="Path to cache directory. Relative paths are resolved relative "
         "to the current directory and saved to config relative to the "
-        "config file location.",
+        "config file location. If no path is provided, it returns the "
+        "current cache directory.",
+        nargs="?",
     ).complete = completion.DIR
     cache_dir_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdCacheDir)

dvc/command/check_ignore.py

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import logging
 
 from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -11,7 +10,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 class CmdCheckIgnore(CmdBase):
     def __init__(self, args):
         super().__init__(args)
-        self.ignore_filter = self.repo.tree.dvcignore
+        self.ignore_filter = self.repo.fs.dvcignore
 
     def _show_results(self, result):
         if not result.match and not self.args.non_matching:
@@ -55,6 +54,8 @@ class CmdCheckIgnore(CmdBase):
         return ret
 
     def _check_args(self):
+        from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+
         if not self.args.stdin and not self.args.targets:
             raise DvcException("`targets` or `--stdin` needed")
 

dvc/command/checkout.py

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import colorama
 from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
 from dvc.exceptions import CheckoutError
-from dvc.utils.humanize import get_summary
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -39,6 +38,8 @@ def log_changes(stats):
 
 class CmdCheckout(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.utils.humanize import get_summary
+
         stats, exc = None, None
         try:
             stats = self.repo.checkout(

dvc/command/commit.py

@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@ import logging
 
 from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class CmdCommit(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+
         if not self.args.targets:
             self.args.targets = [None]
 
@@ -32,7 +33,10 @@ class CmdCommit(CmdBase):
 
 
 def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
-    COMMIT_HELP = "Save changed data to cache and update DVC-files."
+    COMMIT_HELP = (
+        "Record changes to files or directories tracked by DVC"
+        " by storing the current versions in the cache."
+    )
 
     commit_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
         "commit",
@@ -65,7 +69,7 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
     commit_parser.add_argument(
         "targets",
         nargs="*",
-        help="DVC-files to commit. Optional. "
-        "(Finds all DVC-files in the workspace by default.)",
+        help="stages or .dvc files to commit. Optional. "
+        "(Finds all DVC files in the workspace by default.)",
     ).complete = completion.DVC_FILE
     commit_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdCommit)

dvc/command/completion.py

@@ -8,10 +8,7 @@ from dvc.command.base import CmdBaseNoRepo, append_doc_link
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 FILE = shtab.FILE
 DIR = shtab.DIRECTORY
-DVC_FILE = {
-    "bash": "_dvc_compgen_DVCFiles",
-    "zsh": "_files -g '(*?.dvc|Dvcfile|dvc.yaml)'",
-}
+
 PREAMBLE = {
     "bash": """
 # $1=COMP_WORDS[1]
@@ -21,8 +18,73 @@ _dvc_compgen_DVCFiles() {
   compgen -f -X '!*Dvcfile' -- $1
   compgen -f -X '!*dvc.yaml' -- $1
 }
-""",
-    "zsh": "",
+
+_dvc_compgen_stages() {
+    local _dvc_stages=($(dvc stage list -q --names-only))
+    compgen -W "${_dvc_stages[*]}" -- $1
+}
+_dvc_compgen_stages_and_files() {
+    _dvc_compgen_DVCFiles $1
+    _dvc_compgen_stages $1
+}
+
+_dvc_compgen_exps() {
+    local _dvc_exps=($(dvc exp list -q --all --names-only))
+    compgen -W "${_dvc_exps[*]}" -- $1
+}
+    """,
+    "zsh": """
+_dvc_compadd_DVCFiles() {
+    _files -g '(*?.dvc|Dvcfile|dvc.yaml)'
+}
+_dvc_compadd_stages() {
+    # this will also show up the description of the stages
+    _describe 'stages' "($(_dvc_stages_output))"
+}
+
+_dvc_stages_output() {
+  dvc stage list -q | awk '{
+    # escape possible `:` on the stage name
+    sub(/:/, "\\\\\\\\:", $1);
+    # read all of the columns except the first
+    # reading `out` from $2, so as not to have a leading whitespace
+    out=$2; for(i=3;i<=NF;i++){out=out" "$i};
+    # print key, ":" and then single-quote the description
+    # colon is a delimiter used by `_describe` to separate field/description
+    print $1":""\\047"out"\\047"
+    # single quote -> \\047
+    }'
+}
+
+_dvc_compadd_stages_and_files() {
+    _dvc_compadd_DVCFiles
+    _dvc_compadd_stages
+}
+
+_dvc_compadd_exps() {
+    _describe 'experiments' "($(dvc exp list -q -a --names-only))"
+}
+    """,
+}
+
+DVC_FILE = {
+    "bash": "_dvc_compgen_DVCFiles",
+    "zsh": "_dvc_compadd_DVCFiles",
+}
+
+STAGE = {
+    "bash": "_dvc_compgen_stages",
+    "zsh": "_dvc_compadd_stages",
+}
+
+DVCFILES_AND_STAGE = {
+    "bash": "_dvc_compgen_stages_and_files",
+    "zsh": "_dvc_compadd_stages_and_files",
+}
+
+EXPERIMENT = {
+    "bash": "_dvc_compgen_exps",
+    "zsh": "_dvc_compadd_exps",
 }
 
 

dvc/command/config.py

@@ -1,33 +1,115 @@
 import argparse
 import logging
+import os
 
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBaseNoRepo, append_doc_link
-from dvc.config import Config, ConfigError
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+NAME_REGEX = r"^(?P<remote>remote\.)?(?P<section>[^\.]*)\.(?P<option>[^\.]*)$"
+
+
+def _name_type(value):
+    import re
+
+    match = re.match(NAME_REGEX, value)
+    if not match:
+        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
+            "name argument should look like "
+            "remote.name.option or "
+            "section.option"
+        )
+    return (
+        bool(match.group("remote")),
+        match.group("section").lower(),
+        match.group("option").lower(),
+    )
+
 
 class CmdConfig(CmdBaseNoRepo):
     def __init__(self, args):
+        from dvc.config import Config
+
         super().__init__(args)
 
         self.config = Config(validate=False)
 
     def run(self):
-        section, opt = self.args.name.lower().strip().split(".", 1)
+        if self.args.show_origin:
+            if any((self.args.value, self.args.unset)):
+                logger.error(
+                    "--show-origin can't be used together with any of these "
+                    "options: -u/--unset, value"
+                )
+                return 1
+
+        if self.args.list:
+            return self._list()
+
+        if self.args.name is None:
+            logger.error("name argument is required")
+            return 1
+
+        remote, section, opt = self.args.name
 
         if self.args.value is None and not self.args.unset:
-            conf = self.config.load_one(self.args.level)
-            self._check(conf, section, opt)
-            logger.info(conf[section][opt])
-            return 0
+            return self._get(remote, section, opt)
 
+        return self._set(remote, section, opt)
+
+    def _list(self):
+        if any((self.args.name, self.args.value, self.args.unset)):
+            logger.error(
+                "-l/--list can't be used together with any of these "
+                "options: -u/--unset, name, value"
+            )
+            return 1
+
+        levels = [self.args.level] if self.args.level else self.config.LEVELS
+        for level in levels:
+            conf = self.config.read(level)
+            prefix = self._config_file_prefix(
+                self.args.show_origin, self.config, level
+            )
+            logger.info("\n".join(self._format_config(conf, prefix)))
+
+        return 0
+
+    def _get(self, remote, section, opt):
+        from dvc.config import ConfigError
+
+        levels = (
+            [self.args.level] if self.args.level else self.config.LEVELS[::-1]
+        )
+
+        for level in levels:
+            conf = self.config.read(level)
+            if remote:
+                conf = conf["remote"]
+
+            try:
+                self._check(conf, remote, section, opt)
+            except ConfigError:
+                if self.args.level:
+                    raise
+            else:
+                prefix = self._config_file_prefix(
+                    self.args.show_origin, self.config, level
+                )
+                logger.info("{}{}".format(prefix, conf[section][opt]))
+                break
+
+        return 0
+
+    def _set(self, remote, section, opt):
         with self.config.edit(self.args.level) as conf:
+            if remote:
+                conf = conf["remote"]
             if self.args.unset:
-                self._check(conf, section, opt)
+                self._check(conf, remote, section, opt)
                 del conf[section][opt]
             else:
-                self._check(conf, section)
+                self._check(conf, remote, section)
                 conf[section][opt] = self.args.value
 
         if self.args.name == "cache.type":
@@ -39,14 +121,39 @@ class CmdConfig(CmdBaseNoRepo):
 
         return 0
 
-    def _check(self, conf, section, opt=None):
+    def _check(self, conf, remote, section, opt=None):
+        from dvc.config import ConfigError
+
+        name = "remote" if remote else "section"
         if section not in conf:
-            msg = "section {} doesn't exist"
-            raise ConfigError(msg.format(self.args.name))
+            raise ConfigError(f"{name} '{section}' doesn't exist")
 
         if opt and opt not in conf[section]:
-            msg = "option {} doesn't exist"
-            raise ConfigError(msg.format(self.args.name))
+            raise ConfigError(
+                f"option '{opt}' doesn't exist in {name} '{section}'"
+            )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _format_config(config, prefix=""):
+        from dvc.utils.flatten import flatten
+
+        for key, value in flatten(config).items():
+            yield f"{prefix}{key}={value}"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _config_file_prefix(show_origin, config, level):
+        from dvc.repo import Repo
+
+        if not show_origin:
+            return ""
+
+        level = level or "repo"
+        fname = config.files[level]
+
+        if level in ["local", "repo"]:
+            fname = os.path.relpath(fname, start=Repo.find_root())
+
+        return fname + "\t"
 
 
 parent_config_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(add_help=False)
@@ -65,14 +172,21 @@ level_group.add_argument(
     const="system",
     help="Use system config.",
 )
+level_group.add_argument(
+    "--project",
+    dest="level",
+    action="store_const",
+    const="repo",
+    help="Use project config (.dvc/config).",
+)
 level_group.add_argument(
     "--local",
     dest="level",
     action="store_const",
     const="local",
-    help="Use local config.",
+    help="Use local config (.dvc/config.local).",
 )
-parent_config_parser.set_defaults(level="repo")
+parent_config_parser.set_defaults(level=None)
 
 
 def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
@@ -92,6 +206,24 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         action="store_true",
         help="Unset option.",
     )
-    config_parser.add_argument("name", help="Option name.")
+    config_parser.add_argument(
+        "name",
+        nargs="?",
+        type=_name_type,
+        help="Option name (section.option or remote.name.option).",
+    )
     config_parser.add_argument("value", nargs="?", help="Option value.")
+    config_parser.add_argument(
+        "-l",
+        "--list",
+        default=False,
+        action="store_true",
+        help="List all defined config values.",
+    )
+    config_parser.add_argument(
+        "--show-origin",
+        default=False,
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Show the source file containing each config value.",
+    )
     config_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdConfig)

dvc/command/dag.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import argparse
 import logging
 
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -30,58 +29,85 @@ def _show_dot(G):
     return dot_file.getvalue()
 
 
-def _build(G, target=None, full=False):
+def _collect_targets(repo, target, outs):
+    if not target:
+        return []
+
+    pairs = repo.stage.collect_granular(target)
+    if not outs:
+        return [stage.addressing for stage, _ in pairs]
+
+    targets = []
+    for stage, info in pairs:
+        if not info:
+            targets.extend([str(out) for out in stage.outs])
+            continue
+
+        for out in repo.outs_trie.itervalues(prefix=info.parts):  # noqa: B301
+            targets.extend(str(out))
+
+    return targets
+
+
+def _transform(repo, outs):
     import networkx as nx
 
-    from dvc.repo.graph import get_pipeline, get_pipelines
+    from dvc.stage import Stage
 
-    if target:
-        H = get_pipeline(get_pipelines(G), target)
-        if not full:
-            descendants = nx.descendants(G, target)
+    def _relabel(node) -> str:
+        return node.addressing if isinstance(node, Stage) else str(node)
+
+    G = repo.outs_graph if outs else repo.graph
+    return nx.relabel_nodes(G, _relabel, copy=True)
+
+
+def _filter(G, targets, full):
+    import networkx as nx
+
+    if not targets:
+        return G
+
+    H = G.copy()
+    if not full:
+        descendants = set()
+        for target in targets:
+            descendants.update(nx.descendants(G, target))
             descendants.add(target)
-            H.remove_nodes_from(set(G.nodes()) - descendants)
-    else:
-        H = G
+        H.remove_nodes_from(set(G.nodes()) - descendants)
 
-    def _relabel(stage):
-        return stage.addressing
+    undirected = H.to_undirected()
+    connected = set()
+    for target in targets:
+        connected.update(nx.node_connected_component(undirected, target))
 
-    return nx.relabel_nodes(H, _relabel, copy=False)
+    H.remove_nodes_from(set(H.nodes()) - connected)
+
+    return H
+
+
+def _build(repo, target=None, full=False, outs=False):
+    targets = _collect_targets(repo, target, outs)
+    G = _transform(repo, outs)
+    return _filter(G, targets, full)
 
 
 class CmdDAG(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
-        try:
-            target = None
-            if self.args.target:
-                stages = self.repo.collect(self.args.target)
-                if len(stages) > 1:
-                    logger.error(
-                        f"'{self.args.target}' contains more than one stage "
-                        "{stages}, please specify one stage"
-                    )
-                    return 1
-                target = stages[0]
+        G = _build(
+            self.repo,
+            target=self.args.target,
+            full=self.args.full,
+            outs=self.args.outs,
+        )
 
-            G = _build(self.repo.graph, target=target, full=self.args.full,)
+        if self.args.dot:
+            logger.info(_show_dot(G))
+        else:
+            from dvc.utils.pager import pager
 
-            if self.args.dot:
-                logger.info(_show_dot(G))
-            else:
-                from dvc.utils.pager import pager
+            pager(_show_ascii(G))
 
-                pager(_show_ascii(G))
-
-            return 0
-        except DvcException:
-            msg = "failed to show "
-            if self.args.target:
-                msg += f"a pipeline for '{target}'"
-            else:
-                msg += "pipelines"
-            logger.exception(msg)
-            return 1
+        return 0
 
 
 def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
@@ -108,6 +134,13 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
             "showing DAG consisting only of ancestors."
         ),
     )
+    dag_parser.add_argument(
+        "-o",
+        "--outs",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Print output files instead of stages.",
+    )
     dag_parser.add_argument(
         "target",
         nargs="?",

dvc/command/data_sync.py

@@ -3,25 +3,28 @@ import logging
 
 from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
-from dvc.command.checkout import log_changes
-from dvc.exceptions import CheckoutError, DvcException
-from dvc.utils.humanize import get_summary
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class CmdDataBase(CmdBase):
     def log_summary(self, stats):
+        from dvc.utils.humanize import get_summary
+
         default_msg = "Everything is up to date."
         logger.info(get_summary(stats.items()) or default_msg)
 
 
 class CmdDataPull(CmdDataBase):
     def log_summary(self, stats):
+        from dvc.command.checkout import log_changes
+
         log_changes(stats)
         super().log_summary(stats)
 
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.exceptions import CheckoutError, DvcException
+
         try:
             stats = self.repo.pull(
                 targets=self.args.targets,
@@ -34,6 +37,7 @@ class CmdDataPull(CmdDataBase):
                 force=self.args.force,
                 recursive=self.args.recursive,
                 run_cache=self.args.run_cache,
+                glob=self.args.glob,
             )
             self.log_summary(stats)
         except (CheckoutError, DvcException) as exc:
@@ -46,6 +50,8 @@ class CmdDataPull(CmdDataBase):
 
 class CmdDataPush(CmdDataBase):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+
         try:
             processed_files_count = self.repo.push(
                 targets=self.args.targets,
@@ -57,6 +63,7 @@ class CmdDataPush(CmdDataBase):
                 with_deps=self.args.with_deps,
                 recursive=self.args.recursive,
                 run_cache=self.args.run_cache,
+                glob=self.args.glob,
             )
             self.log_summary({"pushed": processed_files_count})
         except DvcException:
@@ -67,6 +74,8 @@ class CmdDataPush(CmdDataBase):
 
 class CmdDataFetch(CmdDataBase):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+
         try:
             processed_files_count = self.repo.fetch(
                 targets=self.args.targets,
@@ -179,6 +188,12 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, _parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help="Fetch run history for all stages.",
     )
+    pull_parser.add_argument(
+        "--glob",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Pull cache for targets matching shell-style wildcards.",
+    )
     pull_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdDataPull)
 
     # Push
@@ -234,12 +249,17 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, _parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help="Push run history for all stages.",
     )
+    push_parser.add_argument(
+        "--glob",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Allows targets containing shell-style wildcards.",
+    )
     push_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdDataPush)
 
     # Fetch
     FETCH_HELP = (
-        "Get tracked files or directories from remote storage"
-        " into the cache."
+        "Download files or directories from remote storage to the cache."
     )
 
     fetch_parser = subparsers.add_parser(

dvc/command/destroy.py

@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@ import logging
 
 import dvc.prompt as prompt
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class CmdDestroy(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+
         try:
             statement = (
                 "This will destroy all information about your pipelines,"
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ class CmdDestroy(CmdBase):
 
 
 def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
-    DESTROY_HELP = "Remove DVC-files, local DVC config and data cache."
+    DESTROY_HELP = "Remove DVC files, local DVC config and data cache."
 
     destroy_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
         "destroy",

dvc/command/diff.py

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ import os
 
 import colorama
 
+from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def _show_md(diff, show_hash=False, hide_missing=False):
 
     header = ["Status", "Hash", "Path"] if show_hash else ["Status", "Path"]
     rows = []
-    statuses = ["added", "deleted", "modified"]
+    statuses = ["added", "deleted", "renamed", "modified"]
     if not hide_missing:
         statuses.append("not in cache")
     for status in statuses:
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ def _show_md(diff, show_hash=False, hide_missing=False):
             continue
         for entry in entries:
             path = entry["path"]
+            if isinstance(path, dict):
+                path = f"{path['old']} -> {path['new']}"
             if show_hash:
                 check_sum = _digest(entry.get("hash", ""))
                 rows.append([status, check_sum, path])
@@ -72,13 +74,14 @@ class CmdDiff(CmdBase):
             "added": colorama.Fore.GREEN,
             "modified": colorama.Fore.YELLOW,
             "deleted": colorama.Fore.RED,
+            "renamed": colorama.Fore.GREEN,
             "not in cache": colorama.Fore.YELLOW,
         }
 
         summary = {}
         groups = []
 
-        states = ["added", "deleted", "modified"]
+        states = ["added", "deleted", "renamed", "modified"]
         if not hide_missing:
             states.append("not in cache")
         for state in states:
@@ -92,6 +95,8 @@ class CmdDiff(CmdBase):
 
             for entry in entries:
                 path = entry["path"]
+                if isinstance(path, dict):
+                    path = f"{path['old']} -> {path['new']}"
                 checksum = entry.get("hash")
                 summary[state] += 1 if not path.endswith(os.sep) else 0
                 content.append(
@@ -99,7 +104,7 @@ class CmdDiff(CmdBase):
                         space="    ",
                         checksum=_digest(checksum) if checksum else "",
                         separator="  " if checksum else "",
-                        path=entry["path"],
+                        path=path,
                     )
                 )
 
@@ -117,7 +122,7 @@ class CmdDiff(CmdBase):
 
         fmt = (
             "files summary: {added} added, {deleted} deleted,"
-            " {modified} modified"
+            " {renamed} renamed, {modified} modified"
         )
         if not hide_missing:
             fmt += ", {not in cache} not in cache"
@@ -126,15 +131,24 @@ class CmdDiff(CmdBase):
         return "\n\n".join(groups)
 
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+
         try:
-            diff = self.repo.diff(self.args.a_rev, self.args.b_rev)
+            diff = self.repo.diff(
+                self.args.a_rev, self.args.b_rev, self.args.targets
+            )
             show_hash = self.args.show_hash
             hide_missing = self.args.b_rev or self.args.hide_missing
             if hide_missing:
                 del diff["not in cache"]
 
             for key, entries in diff.items():
-                entries = sorted(entries, key=lambda entry: entry["path"])
+                entries = sorted(
+                    entries,
+                    key=lambda entry: entry["path"]["old"]
+                    if isinstance(entry["path"], dict)
+                    else entry["path"],
+                )
                 if not show_hash:
                     for entry in entries:
                         del entry["hash"]
@@ -167,6 +181,15 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         help=DIFF_DESCRIPTION,
         formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
     )
+    diff_parser.add_argument(
+        "--targets",
+        nargs="*",
+        help=(
+            "Specific DVC-tracked files to compare. "
+            "Accepts one or more file paths."
+        ),
+        metavar="<paths>",
+    ).complete = completion.FILE
     diff_parser.add_argument(
         "a_rev",
         help="Old Git commit to compare (defaults to HEAD)",

dvc/command/gc.py

@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ class CmdGC(CmdBase):
             msg += " and all git branches"
         elif self.args.all_tags:
             msg += " and all git tags"
+        elif self.args.all_experiments:
+            msg += " and all experiments"
 
         if self.args.repos:
             msg += " of the current and the following repos:"
@@ -49,6 +51,7 @@ class CmdGC(CmdBase):
             all_branches=self.args.all_branches,
             all_tags=self.args.all_tags,
             all_commits=self.args.all_commits,
+            all_experiments=self.args.all_experiments,
             cloud=self.args.cloud,
             remote=self.args.remote,
             force=self.args.force,
@@ -99,6 +102,12 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help="Keep data files for all Git commits.",
     )
+    gc_parser.add_argument(
+        "--all-experiments",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Keep data files for all experiments.",
+    )
     gc_parser.add_argument(
         "-c",
         "--cloud",

dvc/command/get.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ class CmdGet(CmdBaseNoRepo):
                 path=self.args.path,
                 out=self.args.out,
                 rev=self.args.rev,
+                jobs=self.args.jobs,
             )
             return 0
         except DvcException:
@@ -84,4 +85,15 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         help="Print the storage location (URL) the target data would be "
         "downloaded from, and exit.",
     )
+    get_parser.add_argument(
+        "-j",
+        "--jobs",
+        type=int,
+        help=(
+            "Number of jobs to run simultaneously. "
+            "The default value is 4 * cpu_count(). "
+            "For SSH remotes, the default is 4. "
+        ),
+        metavar="<number>",
+    )
     get_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdGet)

dvc/command/get_url.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class CmdGetUrl(CmdBaseNoRepo):
         from dvc.repo import Repo
 
         try:
-            Repo.get_url(self.args.url, out=self.args.out)
+            Repo.get_url(self.args.url, out=self.args.out, jobs=self.args.jobs)
             return 0
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception(f"failed to get '{self.args.url}'")
@@ -36,4 +36,15 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
     get_parser.add_argument(
         "out", nargs="?", help="Destination path to put data to.",
     ).complete = completion.DIR
+    get_parser.add_argument(
+        "-j",
+        "--jobs",
+        type=int,
+        help=(
+            "Number of jobs to run simultaneously. "
+            "The default value is 4 * cpu_count(). "
+            "For SSH remotes, the default is 4. "
+        ),
+        metavar="<number>",
+    )
     get_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdGetUrl)

dvc/command/git_hook.py

@@ -69,14 +69,13 @@ class CmdMergeDriver(CmdHookBase):
         dvc = Repo()
 
         try:
-            with dvc.state:
-                ancestor = Dvcfile(dvc, self.args.ancestor, verify=False)
-                our = Dvcfile(dvc, self.args.our, verify=False)
-                their = Dvcfile(dvc, self.args.their, verify=False)
+            ancestor = Dvcfile(dvc, self.args.ancestor, verify=False)
+            our = Dvcfile(dvc, self.args.our, verify=False)
+            their = Dvcfile(dvc, self.args.their, verify=False)
 
-                our.merge(ancestor, their)
+            our.merge(ancestor, their)
 
-                return 0
+            return 0
         finally:
             dvc.close()
 

dvc/command/imp.py

@@ -15,7 +15,11 @@ class CmdImport(CmdBase):
                 self.args.url,
                 self.args.path,
                 out=self.args.out,
+                fname=self.args.file,
                 rev=self.args.rev,
+                no_exec=self.args.no_exec,
+                desc=self.args.desc,
+                jobs=self.args.jobs,
             )
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception(
@@ -59,4 +63,35 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         help="Git revision (e.g. SHA, branch, tag)",
         metavar="<commit>",
     )
+    import_parser.add_argument(
+        "--file",
+        help="Specify name of the .dvc file this command will generate.",
+        metavar="<filename>",
+    )
+    import_parser.add_argument(
+        "--no-exec",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Only create .dvc file without actually downloading it.",
+    )
+    import_parser.add_argument(
+        "--desc",
+        type=str,
+        metavar="<text>",
+        help=(
+            "User description of the data (optional). "
+            "This doesn't affect any DVC operations."
+        ),
+    )
+    import_parser.add_argument(
+        "-j",
+        "--jobs",
+        type=int,
+        help=(
+            "Number of jobs to run simultaneously. "
+            "The default value is 4 * cpu_count(). "
+            "For SSH remotes, the default is 4. "
+        ),
+        metavar="<number>",
+    )
     import_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdImport)

dvc/command/imp_url.py

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ class CmdImportUrl(CmdBase):
                 out=self.args.out,
                 fname=self.args.file,
                 no_exec=self.args.no_exec,
+                remote=self.args.remote,
+                to_remote=self.args.to_remote,
+                desc=self.args.desc,
+                jobs=self.args.jobs,
             )
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception(
@@ -58,13 +62,45 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
     ).complete = completion.DIR
     import_parser.add_argument(
         "--file",
-        help="Specify name of the DVC-file this command will generate.",
+        help="Specify name of the .dvc file this command will generate.",
         metavar="<filename>",
     ).complete = completion.DIR
     import_parser.add_argument(
         "--no-exec",
         action="store_true",
         default=False,
-        help="Only create DVC-file without actually downloading it.",
+        help="Only create .dvc file without actually downloading it.",
+    )
+    import_parser.add_argument(
+        "--to-remote",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Download it directly to the remote",
+    )
+    import_parser.add_argument(
+        "-r",
+        "--remote",
+        help="Remote storage to download to",
+        metavar="<name>",
+    )
+    import_parser.add_argument(
+        "-j",
+        "--jobs",
+        type=int,
+        help=(
+            "Number of jobs to run simultaneously. "
+            "The default value is 4 * cpu_count(). "
+            "For SSH remotes, the default is 4. "
+        ),
+        metavar="<number>",
+    )
+    import_parser.add_argument(
+        "--desc",
+        type=str,
+        metavar="<text>",
+        help=(
+            "User description of the data (optional). "
+            "This doesn't affect any DVC operations."
+        ),
     )
     import_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdImportUrl)

dvc/command/init.py

@@ -1,11 +1,38 @@
 import argparse
 import logging
 
+import colorama
+
+from dvc import analytics
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBaseNoRepo, append_doc_link
+from dvc.utils import boxify
+from dvc.utils import format_link as fmt_link
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+def _welcome_message():
+    if analytics.is_enabled():
+        logger.info(
+            boxify(
+                "DVC has enabled anonymous aggregate usage analytics.\n"
+                "Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:\n"
+                + fmt_link("https://dvc.org/doc/user-guide/analytics"),
+                border_color="red",
+            )
+        )
+
+    msg = (
+        "{yellow}What's next?{nc}\n"
+        "{yellow}------------{nc}\n"
+        f"- Check out the documentation: {fmt_link('https://dvc.org/doc')}\n"
+        f"- Get help and share ideas: {fmt_link('https://dvc.org/chat')}\n"
+        f"- Star us on GitHub: {fmt_link('https://github.com/iterative/dvc')}"
+    ).format(yellow=colorama.Fore.YELLOW, nc=colorama.Fore.RESET)
+
+    logger.info(msg)
+
+
 class CmdInit(CmdBaseNoRepo):
     def run(self):
         from dvc.exceptions import InitError
@@ -19,6 +46,7 @@ class CmdInit(CmdBaseNoRepo):
                 subdir=self.args.subdir,
             )
             self.config = self.repo.config
+            _welcome_message()
         except InitError:
             logger.exception("failed to initiate DVC")
             return 1

dvc/command/live.py

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+import argparse
+import logging
+import os
+
+from dvc.command import completion
+from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, fix_subparsers
+from dvc.utils.html import write
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class CmdLive(CmdBase):
+    UNINITIALIZED = True
+
+    def _run(self, target, revs=None):
+        metrics, plots = self.repo.live.show(target=target, revs=revs)
+
+        html_path = self.args.target + ".html"
+        write(html_path, plots, metrics)
+
+        logger.info(f"\nfile://{os.path.abspath(html_path)}")
+
+        return 0
+
+
+class CmdLiveShow(CmdLive):
+    def run(self):
+        return self._run(self.args.target)
+
+
+class CmdLiveDiff(CmdLive):
+    def run(self):
+        return self._run(self.args.target, self.args.revs)
+
+
+def shared_parent_parser():
+    parent_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(add_help=False)
+    parent_parser.add_argument(
+        "target", help="Logs dir to produce summary from",
+    ).complete = completion.DIR
+    parent_parser.add_argument(
+        "-o",
+        "--out",
+        default=None,
+        help="Destination path to save plots to",
+        metavar="<path>",
+    ).complete = completion.DIR
+    return parent_parser
+
+
+def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
+    LIVE_DESCRIPTION = (
+        "Commands to visualize and compare dvclive-produced logs."
+    )
+    live_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "live",
+        parents=[parent_parser],
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+        description=LIVE_DESCRIPTION,
+    )
+    live_subparsers = live_parser.add_subparsers(
+        dest="cmd",
+        help="Use `dvc live CMD --help` to display command-specific help.",
+    )
+
+    fix_subparsers(live_subparsers)
+
+    SHOW_HELP = "Visualize dvclive directory content."
+    live_show_parser = live_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "show",
+        parents=[parent_parser, shared_parent_parser()],
+        help=SHOW_HELP,
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    live_show_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdLiveShow)
+
+    DIFF_HELP = (
+        "Show multiple versions of dvclive data, "
+        "by plotting it in single view."
+    )
+    live_diff_parser = live_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "diff",
+        parents=[parent_parser, shared_parent_parser()],
+        help=DIFF_HELP,
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    live_diff_parser.add_argument(
+        "--revs",
+        nargs="*",
+        default=None,
+        help="Git revision (e.g. SHA, branch, tag)",
+        metavar="<commit>",
+    )
+    live_diff_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdLiveDiff)

dvc/command/metrics.py

@@ -11,34 +11,69 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 DEFAULT_PRECISION = 5
 
 
-def show_metrics(
-    metrics, all_branches=False, all_tags=False, all_commits=False
+def _show_metrics(
+    metrics,
+    markdown=False,
+    all_branches=False,
+    all_tags=False,
+    all_commits=False,
+    precision=None,
 ):
-    from dvc.utils.diff import format_dict
+    from dvc.utils.diff import format_dict, table
     from dvc.utils.flatten import flatten
 
     # When `metrics` contains a `None` key, it means that some files
     # specified as `targets` in `repo.metrics.show` didn't contain any metrics.
     missing = metrics.pop(None, None)
+    with_rev = any([all_branches, all_tags, all_commits])
+    header_set = set()
+    rows = []
 
-    for branch, val in metrics.items():
-        if all_branches or all_tags or all_commits:
-            logger.info(f"{branch}:")
+    if precision is None:
+        precision = DEFAULT_PRECISION
 
-        for fname, metric in val.items():
+    def _round(val):
+        if isinstance(val, float):
+            return round(val, precision)
+        return val
+
+    for _branch, val in metrics.items():
+        for _fname, metric in val.items():
             if not isinstance(metric, dict):
-                logger.info("\t{}: {}".format(fname, str(metric)))
+                header_set.add("")
                 continue
+            for key, _val in flatten(format_dict(metric)).items():
+                header_set.add(key)
+    header = sorted(header_set)
+    for branch, val in metrics.items():
+        for fname, metric in val.items():
+            row = []
+            if with_rev:
+                row.append(branch)
+            row.append(fname)
+            if not isinstance(metric, dict):
+                row.append(str(metric))
+                rows.append(row)
+                continue
+            flattened_val = flatten(format_dict(metric))
 
-            logger.info(f"\t{fname}:")
-            for key, value in flatten(format_dict(metric)).items():
-                logger.info(f"\t\t{key}: {value}")
+            for i in header:
+                row.append(_round(flattened_val.get(i)))
+            rows.append(row)
+    header.insert(0, "Path")
+    if with_rev:
+        header.insert(0, "Revision")
 
     if missing:
         raise BadMetricError(missing)
+    return table(header, rows, markdown)
 
 
-class CmdMetricsShow(CmdBase):
+class CmdMetricsBase(CmdBase):
+    UNINITIALIZED = True
+
+
+class CmdMetricsShow(CmdMetricsBase):
     def run(self):
         try:
             metrics = self.repo.metrics.show(
@@ -54,20 +89,23 @@ class CmdMetricsShow(CmdBase):
 
                 logger.info(json.dumps(metrics))
             else:
-                show_metrics(
+                table = _show_metrics(
                     metrics,
+                    self.args.show_md,
                     self.args.all_branches,
                     self.args.all_tags,
                     self.args.all_commits,
                 )
+                if table:
+                    logger.info(table)
         except DvcException:
-            logger.exception("failed to show metrics")
+            logger.exception("")
             return 1
 
         return 0
 
 
-def _show_diff(diff, markdown=False, no_path=False, old=False, precision=None):
+def _show_diff(diff, markdown=False, no_path=False, precision=None):
     from collections import OrderedDict
 
     from dvc.utils.diff import table
@@ -87,24 +125,20 @@ def _show_diff(diff, markdown=False, no_path=False, old=False, precision=None):
         for metric, change in sorted_mdiff.items():
             row = [] if no_path else [fname]
             row.append(metric)
-            if old:
-                row.append(_round(change.get("old")))
+            row.append(_round(change.get("old")))
             row.append(_round(change["new"]))
-            row.append(_round(change.get("diff", "diff not supported")))
+            row.append(_round(change.get("diff")))
             rows.append(row)
 
     header = [] if no_path else ["Path"]
     header.append("Metric")
-    if old:
-        header.extend(["Old", "New"])
-    else:
-        header.append("Value")
+    header.extend(["Old", "New"])
     header.append("Change")
 
     return table(header, rows, markdown)
 
 
-class CmdMetricsDiff(CmdBase):
+class CmdMetricsDiff(CmdMetricsBase):
     def run(self):
         try:
             diff = self.repo.metrics.diff(
@@ -124,7 +158,6 @@ class CmdMetricsDiff(CmdBase):
                     diff,
                     self.args.show_md,
                     self.args.no_path,
-                    self.args.old,
                     precision=self.args.precision,
                 )
                 if table:
@@ -167,8 +200,8 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         "targets",
         nargs="*",
         help=(
-            "Limit command scope to these metric files. Using -R, "
-            "directories to search metric files in can also be given."
+            "Limit command scope to these metrics files. Using -R, "
+            "directories to search metrics files in can also be given."
         ),
     ).complete = completion.FILE
     metrics_show_parser.add_argument(
@@ -197,6 +230,12 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help="Show output in JSON format.",
     )
+    metrics_show_parser.add_argument(
+        "--show-md",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Show tabulated output in the Markdown format (GFM).",
+    )
     metrics_show_parser.add_argument(
         "-R",
         "--recursive",
@@ -204,9 +243,18 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help=(
             "If any target is a directory, recursively search and process "
-            "metric files."
+            "metrics files."
         ),
     )
+    metrics_show_parser.add_argument(
+        "--precision",
+        type=int,
+        help=(
+            "Round metrics to `n` digits precision after the decimal point. "
+            f"Rounds to {DEFAULT_PRECISION} digits by default."
+        ),
+        metavar="<n>",
+    )
     metrics_show_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdMetricsShow)
 
     METRICS_DIFF_HELP = (
@@ -232,8 +280,11 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         "--targets",
         nargs="*",
         help=(
-            "Limit command scope to these metric files. Using -R, "
-            "directories to search metric files in can also be given."
+            "Specific metrics file(s) to compare "
+            "(even if not found as `metrics` in `dvc.yaml`). "
+            "Using -R, directories to search metrics files in "
+            "can also be given."
+            "Shows all tracked metrics by default."
         ),
         metavar="<paths>",
     ).complete = completion.FILE
@@ -244,7 +295,7 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help=(
             "If any target is a directory, recursively search and process "
-            "metric files."
+            "metrics files."
         ),
     )
     metrics_diff_parser.add_argument(
@@ -265,12 +316,6 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help="Show tabulated output in the Markdown format (GFM).",
     )
-    metrics_diff_parser.add_argument(
-        "--old",
-        action="store_true",
-        default=False,
-        help="Show old metric value.",
-    )
     metrics_diff_parser.add_argument(
         "--no-path",
         action="store_true",

dvc/command/move.py

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
     MOVE_HELP = "Rename or move a DVC controlled data file or a directory."
     MOVE_DESCRIPTION = (
         "Rename or move a DVC controlled data file or a directory.\n"
-        "It renames and modifies the corresponding DVC-file to reflect the"
+        "It renames and modifies the corresponding .dvc file to reflect the"
         " changes."
     )
 

dvc/command/params.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import argparse
 import logging
 from collections import OrderedDict
 
+from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link, fix_subparsers
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 
@@ -30,11 +31,14 @@ def _show_diff(diff, markdown=False, no_path=False):
 
 
 class CmdParamsDiff(CmdBase):
+    UNINITIALIZED = True
+
     def run(self):
         try:
             diff = self.repo.params.diff(
                 a_rev=self.args.a_rev,
                 b_rev=self.args.b_rev,
+                targets=self.args.targets,
                 all=self.args.all,
             )
 
@@ -91,6 +95,16 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         nargs="?",
         help=("New Git commit to compare (defaults to the current workspace)"),
     )
+    params_diff_parser.add_argument(
+        "--targets",
+        nargs="*",
+        help=(
+            "Specific params file(s) to compare "
+            "(even if not found as `params` in `dvc.yaml`). "
+            "Shows all tracked params by default."
+        ),
+        metavar="<paths>",
+    ).complete = completion.FILE
     params_diff_parser.add_argument(
         "--all",
         action="store_true",

dvc/command/plots.py

@@ -5,36 +5,19 @@ import os
 from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link, fix_subparsers
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
-from dvc.schema import PLOT_PROPS
 from dvc.utils import format_link
+from dvc.utils.html import write
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-PAGE_HTML = """<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html>
-<head>
-    <title>DVC Plot</title>
-    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]"></script>
-    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]"></script>
-    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]"></script>
-</head>
-<body>
-    {divs}
-</body>
-</html>"""
-
-DIV_HTML = """<div id = "{id}"></div>
-<script type = "text/javascript">
-    var spec = {vega_json};
-    vegaEmbed('#{id}', spec);
-</script>"""
-
 
 class CmdPlots(CmdBase):
     def _func(self, *args, **kwargs):
         raise NotImplementedError
 
     def _props(self):
+        from dvc.schema import PLOT_PROPS
+
         # Pass only props specified by user, to not shadow ones from plot def
         props = {p: getattr(self.args, p) for p in PLOT_PROPS}
         return {k: v for k, v in props.items() if v is not None}
@@ -58,19 +41,12 @@ class CmdPlots(CmdBase):
                 logger.info(plots[target])
                 return 0
 
-            divs = [
-                DIV_HTML.format(id=f"plot{i}", vega_json=plot)
-                for i, plot in enumerate(plots.values())
-            ]
-            html = PAGE_HTML.format(divs="\n".join(divs))
             path = self.args.out or "plots.html"
+            path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), path)
 
-            with open(path, "w") as fobj:
-                fobj.write(html)
+            write(path, plots)
 
-            logger.info(
-                "file://{}".format(os.path.join(self.repo.root_dir, path))
-            )
+            logger.info(f"file://{path}")
 
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception("")
@@ -80,11 +56,15 @@ class CmdPlots(CmdBase):
 
 
 class CmdPlotsShow(CmdPlots):
+    UNINITIALIZED = True
+
     def _func(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return self.repo.plots.show(*args, **kwargs)
 
 
 class CmdPlotsDiff(CmdPlots):
+    UNINITIALIZED = True
+
     def _func(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return self.repo.plots.diff(
             *args,
@@ -122,7 +102,7 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
 
     fix_subparsers(plots_subparsers)
 
-    SHOW_HELP = "Generate plots from metric files."
+    SHOW_HELP = "Generate plots from metrics files."
     plots_show_parser = plots_subparsers.add_parser(
         "show",
         parents=[parent_parser],
@@ -133,7 +113,9 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
     plots_show_parser.add_argument(
         "targets",
         nargs="*",
-        help="Plots files to visualize. Shows all plots by default.",
+        help="Files to visualize (supports any file, "
+        "even when not found as `plots` in `dvc.yaml`). "
+        "Shows all plots by default.",
     ).complete = completion.FILE
     _add_props_arguments(plots_show_parser)
     _add_output_arguments(plots_show_parser)
@@ -153,8 +135,12 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
     plots_diff_parser.add_argument(
         "--targets",
         nargs="*",
-        help="Plots file to visualize. Shows all plots by default.",
-        metavar="<path>",
+        help=(
+            "Specific plots file(s) to visualize "
+            "(even if not found as `plots` in `dvc.yaml`). "
+            "Shows all tracked plots by default."
+        ),
+        metavar="<paths>",
     ).complete = completion.FILE
     plots_diff_parser.add_argument(
         "-e",
@@ -170,7 +156,7 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
     _add_output_arguments(plots_diff_parser)
     plots_diff_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdPlotsDiff)
 
-    PLOTS_MODIFY_HELP = "Modify display properties of plot metric files."
+    PLOTS_MODIFY_HELP = "Modify display properties of plot metrics files."
     plots_modify_parser = plots_subparsers.add_parser(
         "modify",
         parents=[parent_parser],

dvc/command/remote.py

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import logging
 
 from dvc.command.base import append_doc_link, fix_subparsers
 from dvc.command.config import CmdConfig
-from dvc.config import ConfigError, merge
 from dvc.utils import format_link
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -17,12 +16,16 @@ class CmdRemote(CmdConfig):
             self.args.name = self.args.name.lower()
 
     def _check_exists(self, conf):
+        from dvc.config import ConfigError
+
         if self.args.name not in conf["remote"]:
             raise ConfigError(f"remote '{self.args.name}' doesn't exist.")
 
 
 class CmdRemoteAdd(CmdRemote):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.config import ConfigError
+
         if self.args.default:
             logger.info(f"Setting '{self.args.name}' as a default remote.")
 
@@ -46,13 +49,14 @@ class CmdRemoteRemove(CmdRemote):
             self._check_exists(conf)
             del conf["remote"][self.args.name]
 
+        up_to_level = self.args.level or "repo"
         # Remove core.remote refs to this remote in any shadowing configs
         for level in reversed(self.config.LEVELS):
             with self.config.edit(level) as conf:
                 if conf["core"].get("remote") == self.args.name:
                     del conf["core"]["remote"]
 
-            if level == self.args.level:
+            if level == up_to_level:
                 break
 
         return 0
@@ -60,6 +64,8 @@ class CmdRemoteRemove(CmdRemote):
 
 class CmdRemoteModify(CmdRemote):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.config import merge
+
         with self.config.edit(self.args.level) as conf:
             merged = self.config.load_config_to_level(self.args.level)
             merge(merged, conf)
@@ -77,9 +83,10 @@ class CmdRemoteModify(CmdRemote):
 
 class CmdRemoteDefault(CmdRemote):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.config import ConfigError
 
         if self.args.name is None and not self.args.unset:
-            conf = self.config.load_one(self.args.level)
+            conf = self.config.read(self.args.level)
             try:
                 print(conf["core"]["remote"])
             except KeyError:
@@ -107,7 +114,7 @@ class CmdRemoteDefault(CmdRemote):
 
 class CmdRemoteList(CmdRemote):
     def run(self):
-        conf = self.config.load_one(self.args.level)
+        conf = self.config.read(self.args.level)
         for name, conf in conf["remote"].items():
             logger.info("{}\t{}".format(name, conf["url"]))
         return 0
@@ -119,6 +126,8 @@ class CmdRemoteRename(CmdRemote):
             conf["core"]["remote"] = self.args.new
 
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.config import ConfigError
+
         all_config = self.config.load_config_to_level(None)
         if self.args.new in all_config.get("remote", {}):
             raise ConfigError(
@@ -133,8 +142,9 @@ class CmdRemoteRename(CmdRemote):
             del conf["remote"][self.args.name]
             self._rename_default(conf)
 
+        up_to_level = self.args.level or "repo"
         for level in reversed(self.config.LEVELS):
-            if level == self.args.level:
+            if level == up_to_level:
                 break
             with self.config.edit(level) as level_conf:
                 self._rename_default(level_conf)

dvc/command/remove.py

@@ -14,14 +14,15 @@ class CmdRemove(CmdBase):
             try:
                 self.repo.remove(target, outs=self.args.outs)
             except DvcException:
-                logger.exception(f"failed to remove '{target}'")
+                logger.exception("")
                 return 1
         return 0
 
 
 def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
     REMOVE_HELP = (
-        "Remove stage entry, remove .gitignore entry and unprotect outputs"
+        "Remove stages from dvc.yaml and/or"
+        " stop tracking files or directories."
     )
     remove_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
         "remove",
@@ -37,6 +38,8 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         help="Remove outputs as well.",
     )
     remove_parser.add_argument(
-        "targets", nargs="+", help="DVC-files to remove.",
+        "targets",
+        nargs="+",
+        help=".dvc files or stages from dvc.yaml to remove.",
     ).complete = completion.DVC_FILE
     remove_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdRemove)

dvc/command/repro.py

@@ -1,83 +1,56 @@
 import argparse
 import logging
-import os
 
 from dvc.command import completion
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
-from dvc.command.metrics import show_metrics
+from dvc.command.metrics import _show_metrics
 from dvc.command.status import CmdDataStatus
-from dvc.dvcfile import PIPELINE_FILE
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class CmdRepro(CmdBase):
     def run(self):
-        saved_dir = os.path.realpath(os.curdir)
-        if self.args.cwd:
-            os.chdir(self.args.cwd)
+        stages = self.repo.reproduce(**self._repro_kwargs)
+        if len(stages) == 0:
+            logger.info(CmdDataStatus.UP_TO_DATE_MSG)
+        else:
+            logger.info(
+                "Use `dvc push` to send your updates to " "remote storage."
+            )
 
-        # Dirty hack so the for loop below can at least enter once
-        if self.args.all_pipelines:
-            self.args.targets = [None]
-        elif not self.args.targets:
-            self.args.targets = self.default_targets
+        if self.args.metrics:
+            metrics = self.repo.metrics.show()
+            logger.info(_show_metrics(metrics))
 
-        ret = 0
-        for target in self.args.targets:
-            try:
-                stages = self.repo.reproduce(
-                    target,
-                    single_item=self.args.single_item,
-                    force=self.args.force,
-                    dry=self.args.dry,
-                    interactive=self.args.interactive,
-                    pipeline=self.args.pipeline,
-                    all_pipelines=self.args.all_pipelines,
-                    run_cache=not self.args.no_run_cache,
-                    no_commit=self.args.no_commit,
-                    downstream=self.args.downstream,
-                    recursive=self.args.recursive,
-                    force_downstream=self.args.force_downstream,
-                    experiment=self.args.experiment,
-                    queue=self.args.queue,
-                    run_all=self.args.run_all,
-                    jobs=self.args.jobs,
-                    params=self.args.params,
-                )
+        return 0
 
-                if len(stages) == 0:
-                    logger.info(CmdDataStatus.UP_TO_DATE_MSG)
-
-                if self.args.metrics:
-                    metrics = self.repo.metrics.show()
-                    show_metrics(metrics)
-            except DvcException:
-                logger.exception("")
-                ret = 1
-                break
-
-        os.chdir(saved_dir)
-        return ret
+    @property
+    def _repro_kwargs(self):
+        return {
+            "targets": self.args.targets,
+            "single_item": self.args.single_item,
+            "force": self.args.force,
+            "dry": self.args.dry,
+            "interactive": self.args.interactive,
+            "pipeline": self.args.pipeline,
+            "all_pipelines": self.args.all_pipelines,
+            "run_cache": not self.args.no_run_cache,
+            "no_commit": self.args.no_commit,
+            "downstream": self.args.downstream,
+            "recursive": self.args.recursive,
+            "force_downstream": self.args.force_downstream,
+            "pull": self.args.pull,
+            "glob": self.args.glob,
+        }
 
 
-def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
-    REPRO_HELP = (
-        "Reproduce complete or partial pipelines by executing their stages."
-    )
-    repro_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
-        "repro",
-        parents=[parent_parser],
-        description=append_doc_link(REPRO_HELP, "repro"),
-        help=REPRO_HELP,
-        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
-    )
+def add_arguments(repro_parser):
     repro_parser.add_argument(
         "targets",
         nargs="*",
-        help=f"Stages to reproduce. '{PIPELINE_FILE}' by default.",
-    ).complete = completion.DVC_FILE
+        help="Stages to reproduce. 'dvc.yaml' by default.",
+    ).complete = completion.DVCFILES_AND_STAGE
     repro_parser.add_argument(
         "-f",
         "--force",
@@ -93,13 +66,6 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         help="Reproduce only single data item without recursive dependencies "
         "check.",
     )
-    repro_parser.add_argument(
-        "-c",
-        "--cwd",
-        default=os.path.curdir,
-        help="Directory within your repo to reproduce from.",
-        metavar="<path>",
-    )
     repro_parser.add_argument(
         "-m",
         "--metrics",
@@ -126,8 +92,8 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         "--pipeline",
         action="store_true",
         default=False,
-        help="Reproduce the whole pipeline that the specified stage file "
-        "belongs to.",
+        help="Reproduce the whole pipeline that the specified targets "
+        "belong to.",
     )
     repro_parser.add_argument(
         "-P",
@@ -172,29 +138,32 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         help="Start from the specified stages when reproducing pipelines.",
     )
     repro_parser.add_argument(
-        "-e",
-        "--experiment",
+        "--pull",
         action="store_true",
         default=False,
-        help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
+        help=(
+            "Try automatically pulling missing cache for outputs restored "
+            "from the run-cache."
+        ),
     )
     repro_parser.add_argument(
-        "--params",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
-        metavar="[<filename>:]<params_list>",
-    )
-    repro_parser.add_argument(
-        "--queue", action="store_true", default=False, help=argparse.SUPPRESS
-    )
-    repro_parser.add_argument(
-        "--run-all",
+        "--glob",
         action="store_true",
         default=False,
-        help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
+        help="Allows targets containing shell-style wildcards.",
     )
-    repro_parser.add_argument(
-        "-j", "--jobs", type=int, help=argparse.SUPPRESS, metavar="<number>"
+
+
+def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
+    REPRO_HELP = (
+        "Reproduce complete or partial pipelines by executing their stages."
     )
+    repro_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "repro",
+        parents=[parent_parser],
+        description=append_doc_link(REPRO_HELP, "repro"),
+        help=REPRO_HELP,
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    add_arguments(repro_parser)
     repro_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdRepro)

dvc/command/run.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import argparse
 import logging
 
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link
+from dvc.command.stage import parse_cmd
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -20,8 +21,9 @@ class CmdRun(CmdBase):
                 self.args.plots_no_cache,
                 self.args.outs_persist,
                 self.args.outs_persist_no_cache,
+                self.args.checkpoints,
                 self.args.params,
-                self.args.command,
+                self.args.cmd,
             ]
         ):  # pragma: no cover
             logger.error(
@@ -33,27 +35,33 @@ class CmdRun(CmdBase):
 
         try:
             self.repo.run(
-                cmd=self._parsed_cmd(),
+                cmd=parse_cmd(self.args.cmd),
                 outs=self.args.outs,
                 outs_no_cache=self.args.outs_no_cache,
                 metrics=self.args.metrics,
                 metrics_no_cache=self.args.metrics_no_cache,
                 plots=self.args.plots,
                 plots_no_cache=self.args.plots_no_cache,
+                live=self.args.live,
+                live_no_cache=self.args.live_no_cache,
+                live_no_summary=self.args.live_no_summary,
+                live_no_html=self.args.live_no_html,
                 deps=self.args.deps,
                 params=self.args.params,
                 fname=self.args.file,
                 wdir=self.args.wdir,
-                no_exec=self.args.no_exec,
+                no_exec=(self.args.no_exec or bool(self.args.checkpoints)),
                 force=self.args.force,
                 run_cache=not self.args.no_run_cache,
                 no_commit=self.args.no_commit,
                 outs_persist=self.args.outs_persist,
                 outs_persist_no_cache=self.args.outs_persist_no_cache,
+                checkpoints=self.args.checkpoints,
                 always_changed=self.args.always_changed,
                 name=self.args.name,
                 single_stage=self.args.single_stage,
                 external=self.args.external,
+                desc=self.args.desc,
             )
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception("")
@@ -61,30 +69,13 @@ class CmdRun(CmdBase):
 
         return 0
 
-    def _parsed_cmd(self):
-        """
-        We need to take into account two cases:
-
-        - ['python code.py foo bar']: Used mainly with dvc as a library
-        - ['echo', 'foo bar']: List of arguments received from the CLI
-
-        The second case would need quoting, as it was passed through:
-                dvc run echo "foo bar"
-        """
-        if len(self.args.command) < 2:
-            return " ".join(self.args.command)
-
-        return " ".join(self._quote_argument(arg) for arg in self.args.command)
-
-    def _quote_argument(self, argument):
-        if " " not in argument or '"' in argument:
-            return argument
-
-        return f'"{argument}"'
-
 
 def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
-    RUN_HELP = "Generate a stage file from a command and execute the command."
+    from dvc.command.stage import _add_common_args
+
+    RUN_HELP = (
+        "Generate a dvc.yaml file from a command and execute the command."
+    )
     run_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
         "run",
         parents=[parent_parser],
@@ -92,93 +83,17 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         help=RUN_HELP,
         formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
     )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "-d",
-        "--deps",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare dependencies for reproducible cmd.",
-        metavar="<path>",
-    )
     run_parser.add_argument(
         "-n", "--name", help="Stage name.",
     )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "-o",
-        "--outs",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare output file or directory.",
-        metavar="<filename>",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "-O",
-        "--outs-no-cache",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare output file or directory "
-        "(do not put into DVC cache).",
-        metavar="<filename>",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "-p",
-        "--params",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare parameter to use as additional dependency.",
-        metavar="[<filename>:]<params_list>",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "-m",
-        "--metrics",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare output metric file.",
-        metavar="<path>",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "-M",
-        "--metrics-no-cache",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare output metric file (do not put into DVC cache).",
-        metavar="<path>",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "--plots",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare output plot file.",
-        metavar="<path>",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "--plots-no-cache",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare output plot file (do not put into DVC cache).",
-        metavar="<path>",
-    )
     run_parser.add_argument(
         "--file", metavar="<filename>", help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
     )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "-w",
-        "--wdir",
-        help="Directory within your repo to run your command in.",
-        metavar="<path>",
-    )
     run_parser.add_argument(
         "--no-exec",
         action="store_true",
         default=False,
-        help="Only create stage file without actually running it.",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "-f",
-        "--force",
-        action="store_true",
-        default=False,
-        help="Overwrite existing stage",
+        help="Only create dvc.yaml without actually running it.",
     )
     run_parser.add_argument(
         "--no-run-cache",
@@ -195,41 +110,11 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help="Don't put files/directories into cache.",
     )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "--outs-persist",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare output file or directory that will not be "
-        "removed upon repro.",
-        metavar="<filename>",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "--outs-persist-no-cache",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        help="Declare output file or directory that will not be "
-        "removed upon repro (do not put into DVC cache).",
-        metavar="<filename>",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "--always-changed",
-        action="store_true",
-        default=False,
-        help="Always consider this DVC-file as changed.",
-    )
     run_parser.add_argument(
         "--single-stage",
         action="store_true",
         default=False,
         help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
     )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "--external",
-        action="store_true",
-        default=False,
-        help="Allow outputs that are outside of the DVC repository.",
-    )
-    run_parser.add_argument(
-        "command", nargs=argparse.REMAINDER, help="Command to execute."
-    )
+    _add_common_args(run_parser)
     run_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdRun)

dvc/command/stage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+import argparse
+import logging
+from itertools import chain, filterfalse
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Iterable, List
+
+from dvc.command import completion
+from dvc.command.base import CmdBase, append_doc_link, fix_subparsers
+from dvc.utils.cli_parse import parse_params
+from dvc.utils.humanize import truncate_text
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.output.base import BaseOutput
+    from dvc.stage import Stage
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+MAX_TEXT_LENGTH = 80
+
+
+def generate_description(stage: "Stage") -> str:
+    def part_desc(outs: Iterable["BaseOutput"]) -> str:
+        return ", ".join(out.def_path for out in outs)
+
+    if not stage.deps and not stage.outs:
+        return "No outputs or dependencies"
+
+    if not stage.outs and stage.deps:
+        return "Depends on " + part_desc(stage.deps)
+
+    def is_plot_or_metric(out: "BaseOutput"):
+        return bool(out.plot) or bool(out.metric)
+
+    desc: List[str] = []
+
+    outs = list(filterfalse(is_plot_or_metric, stage.outs))
+    if outs:
+        desc.append("Outputs " + part_desc(outs))
+
+    plots_and_metrics = list(filter(is_plot_or_metric, stage.outs))
+    if plots_and_metrics:
+        desc.append("Reports " + part_desc(plots_and_metrics))
+
+    return "; ".join(desc)
+
+
+def prepare_description(
+    stage: "Stage", max_length: int = MAX_TEXT_LENGTH
+) -> str:
+    desc = stage.short_description() or generate_description(stage)
+    return truncate_text(desc, max_length)
+
+
+def prepare_stages_data(
+    stages: Iterable["Stage"],
+    description: bool = True,
+    max_length: int = MAX_TEXT_LENGTH,
+) -> Dict[str, str]:
+    return {
+        stage.addressing: prepare_description(stage, max_length=max_length)
+        if description
+        else ""
+        for stage in stages
+    }
+
+
+class CmdStageList(CmdBase):
+    def _get_stages(self) -> Iterable["Stage"]:
+        if self.args.all:
+            stages: List["Stage"] = self.repo.stages  # type: ignore
+            logger.trace(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                "%d no. of stages found", len(stages)
+            )
+            return stages
+
+        # removing duplicates while maintaining order
+        collected = chain.from_iterable(
+            self.repo.stage.collect(
+                target=target,
+                recursive=self.args.recursive,
+                accept_group=True,
+            )
+            for target in self.args.targets
+        )
+        return dict.fromkeys(collected).keys()
+
+    def run(self):
+        from dvc.utils.diff import table
+
+        def log_error(relpath: str, exc: Exception):
+            if self.args.fail:
+                raise exc
+            logger.debug("Stages from %s failed to load", relpath)
+
+        # silence stage collection error by default
+        self.repo.stage_collection_error_handler = log_error
+
+        stages = self._get_stages()
+        names_only = self.args.names_only
+
+        data = prepare_stages_data(stages, description=not names_only)
+        if data:
+            print(table(header=(), rows=data.items()))
+
+        return 0
+
+
+def parse_cmd(commands: List[str]) -> str:
+    """
+    We need to take into account two cases:
+
+    - ['python code.py foo bar']: Used mainly with dvc as a library
+    - ['echo', 'foo bar']: List of arguments received from the CLI
+
+    The second case would need quoting, as it was passed through:
+            dvc run echo "foo bar"
+    """
+
+    def quote_argument(arg: str):
+        should_quote = " " in arg and '"' not in arg
+        return f'"{arg}"' if should_quote else arg
+
+    if len(commands) < 2:
+        return " ".join(commands)
+    return " ".join(map(quote_argument, commands))
+
+
+class CmdStageAdd(CmdBase):
+    def run(self):
+        kwargs = vars(self.args)
+        kwargs.update(
+            {
+                "cmd": parse_cmd(kwargs.pop("cmd")),
+                "params": parse_params(self.args.params),
+            }
+        )
+        self.repo.stage.add(**kwargs)
+        return 0
+
+
+def _add_common_args(parser):
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-d",
+        "--deps",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare dependencies for reproducible cmd.",
+        metavar="<path>",
+    ).complete = completion.FILE
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-o",
+        "--outs",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare output file or directory.",
+        metavar="<filename>",
+    ).complete = completion.FILE
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-O",
+        "--outs-no-cache",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare output file or directory "
+        "(do not put into DVC cache).",
+        metavar="<filename>",
+    ).complete = completion.FILE
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-p",
+        "--params",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare parameter to use as additional dependency.",
+        metavar="[<filename>:]<params_list>",
+    ).complete = completion.FILE
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-m",
+        "--metrics",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare output metrics file.",
+        metavar="<path>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-M",
+        "--metrics-no-cache",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare output metrics file (do not put into DVC cache).",
+        metavar="<path>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--plots",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare output plot file.",
+        metavar="<path>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--plots-no-cache",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare output plot file (do not put into DVC cache).",
+        metavar="<path>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--live", help="Declare output as dvclive.", metavar="<path>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--live-no-cache",
+        help="Declare output as dvclive (do not put into DVC cache).",
+        metavar="<path>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--live-no-summary",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Signal dvclive logger to not dump latest metrics file.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--live-no-html",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Signal dvclive logger to not produce training report.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-w",
+        "--wdir",
+        help="Directory within your repo to run your command in.",
+        metavar="<path>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-f",
+        "--force",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Overwrite existing stage",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--outs-persist",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare output file or directory that will not be "
+        "removed upon repro.",
+        metavar="<filename>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--outs-persist-no-cache",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help="Declare output file or directory that will not be "
+        "removed upon repro (do not put into DVC cache).",
+        metavar="<filename>",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-c",
+        "--checkpoints",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
+        metavar="<filename>",
+    ).complete = completion.FILE
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--always-changed",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Always consider this DVC-file as changed.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--external",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Allow outputs that are outside of the DVC repository.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--desc",
+        type=str,
+        metavar="<text>",
+        help=(
+            "User description of the stage (optional). "
+            "This doesn't affect any DVC operations."
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "cmd",
+        nargs=argparse.REMAINDER,
+        help="Command to execute.",
+        metavar="command",
+    )
+
+
+def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
+    STAGES_HELP = "Commands to list and create stages."
+
+    stage_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "stage",
+        parents=[parent_parser],
+        description=append_doc_link(STAGES_HELP, "stage"),
+        help=STAGES_HELP,
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+
+    stage_subparsers = stage_parser.add_subparsers(
+        dest="cmd",
+        help="Use `dvc stage CMD --help` to display command-specific help.",
+    )
+
+    fix_subparsers(stage_subparsers)
+
+    STAGE_ADD_HELP = "Create stage"
+    stage_add_parser = stage_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "add",
+        parents=[parent_parser],
+        description=append_doc_link(STAGE_ADD_HELP, "stage/add"),
+        help=STAGE_ADD_HELP,
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    stage_add_parser.add_argument(
+        "-n", "--name", help="Name of the stage to add", required=True
+    )
+    _add_common_args(stage_add_parser)
+    stage_add_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdStageAdd)
+
+    STAGE_LIST_HELP = "List stages."
+    stage_list_parser = stage_subparsers.add_parser(
+        "list",
+        parents=[parent_parser],
+        description=append_doc_link(STAGE_LIST_HELP, "stage/list"),
+        help=STAGE_LIST_HELP,
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    stage_list_parser.add_argument(
+        "targets",
+        nargs="*",
+        default=["dvc.yaml"],
+        help=(
+            "Show stages from a dvc.yaml/.dvc file or a directory. "
+            "'dvc.yaml' by default"
+        ),
+    )
+    stage_list_parser.add_argument(
+        "--all",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="List all of the stages in the repo.",
+    )
+    stage_list_parser.add_argument(
+        "--fail",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Fail immediately, do not suppress any syntax errors.",
+    )
+    stage_list_parser.add_argument(
+        "-R",
+        "--recursive",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="List all stages inside the specified directory.",
+    )
+    stage_list_parser.add_argument(
+        "--names-only",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="List only stage names.",
+    )
+    stage_list_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdStageList)

dvc/command/status.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import logging
 
 from dvc.command.data_sync import CmdDataBase
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+from dvc.utils import format_link
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -10,6 +11,11 @@ class CmdDataStatus(CmdDataBase):
     STATUS_LEN = 20
     STATUS_INDENT = "\t"
     UP_TO_DATE_MSG = "Data and pipelines are up to date."
+    IN_SYNC_MSG = "Cache and remote '{remote}' are in sync."
+    EMPTY_PROJECT_MSG = (
+        "There are no data or pipelines tracked in this project yet.\n"
+        "See {link} to get started!"
+    ).format(link=format_link("https://dvc.org/doc/start"))
 
     def _normalize(self, s):
         s += ":"
@@ -61,10 +67,17 @@ class CmdDataStatus(CmdDataBase):
                 logger.info(json.dumps(st))
             elif st:
                 self._show(st, indent)
+            elif not self.repo.stages:
+                logger.info(self.EMPTY_PROJECT_MSG)
+            elif self.args.cloud or self.args.remote:
+                remote = self.args.remote or self.repo.config["core"].get(
+                    "remote"
+                )
+                logger.info(self.IN_SYNC_MSG.format(remote=remote))
             else:
                 logger.info(self.UP_TO_DATE_MSG)
 
         except DvcException:
-            logger.exception("failed to obtain data status")
+            logger.exception("")
             return 1
         return 0

dvc/command/update.py

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ class CmdUpdate(CmdBase):
                 targets=self.args.targets,
                 rev=self.args.rev,
                 recursive=self.args.recursive,
+                to_remote=self.args.to_remote,
+                remote=self.args.remote,
+                jobs=self.args.jobs,
             )
         except DvcException:
             logger.exception("failed update data")
@@ -33,7 +36,7 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
     )
     update_parser.add_argument(
-        "targets", nargs="+", help="DVC-files to update.",
+        "targets", nargs="+", help=".dvc files to update.",
     ).complete = completion.DVC_FILE
     update_parser.add_argument(
         "--rev",
@@ -48,4 +51,27 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         default=False,
         help="Update all stages in the specified directory.",
     )
+    update_parser.add_argument(
+        "--to-remote",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Update data directly on the remote",
+    )
+    update_parser.add_argument(
+        "-r",
+        "--remote",
+        help="Remote storage to perform updates to",
+        metavar="<name>",
+    )
+    update_parser.add_argument(
+        "-j",
+        "--jobs",
+        type=int,
+        help=(
+            "Number of jobs to run simultaneously. "
+            "The default value is 4 * cpu_count(). "
+            "For SSH remotes, the default is 4. "
+        ),
+        metavar="<number>",
+    )
     update_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdUpdate)

dvc/command/version.py

@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@ import argparse
 import logging
 
 from dvc.command.base import CmdBaseNoRepo, append_doc_link
-from dvc.info import get_dvc_info
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class CmdVersion(CmdBaseNoRepo):
     def run(self):
+        from dvc.info import get_dvc_info
+
         dvc_info = get_dvc_info()
         logger.info(dvc_info)
         return 0
@@ -24,5 +25,6 @@ def add_parser(subparsers, parent_parser):
         description=append_doc_link(VERSION_HELP, "version"),
         help=VERSION_HELP,
         formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+        aliases=["doctor"],
     )
     version_parser.set_defaults(func=CmdVersion)

dvc/config.py

@@ -4,25 +4,11 @@ import os
 import re
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from functools import partial
-from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
-import configobj
-from funcy import cached_property, compact, re_find, walk_values
-from voluptuous import (
-    ALLOW_EXTRA,
-    All,
-    Any,
-    Coerce,
-    Invalid,
-    Lower,
-    Optional,
-    Range,
-    Schema,
-)
+from funcy import cached_property, compact, memoize, re_find
 
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException, NotDvcRepoError
 from dvc.path_info import PathInfo
-from dvc.utils import relpath
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -38,193 +24,19 @@ class NoRemoteError(ConfigError):
     pass
 
 
-def supported_cache_type(types):
-    """Checks if link type config option consists only of valid values.
+@memoize
+def get_compiled_schema():
+    from voluptuous import Schema
 
-    Args:
-        types (list/string): type(s) of links that dvc should try out.
-    """
-    if types is None:
-        return None
-    if isinstance(types, str):
-        types = [typ.strip() for typ in types.split(",")]
+    from .config_schema import SCHEMA
 
-    unsupported = set(types) - {"reflink", "hardlink", "symlink", "copy"}
-    if unsupported:
-        raise Invalid(
-            "Unsupported cache type(s): {}".format(", ".join(unsupported))
-        )
-
-    return types
+    return Schema(SCHEMA)
 
 
-# Checks that value is either true or false and converts it to bool
-to_bool = Bool = All(
-    Lower,
-    Any("true", "false"),
-    lambda v: v == "true",
-    msg="expected true or false",
-)
+def to_bool(value):
+    from .config_schema import Bool
 
-
-def Choices(*choices):
-    """Checks that value belongs to the specified set of values
-
-    Args:
-        *choices: pass allowed values as arguments, or pass a list or
-            tuple as a single argument
-    """
-    return Any(*choices, msg="expected one of {}".format(", ".join(choices)))
-
-
-def ByUrl(mapping):
-    schemas = walk_values(Schema, mapping)
-
-    def validate(data):
-        if "url" not in data:
-            raise Invalid("expected 'url'")
-
-        parsed = urlparse(data["url"])
-        # Windows absolute paths should really have scheme == "" (local)
-        if os.name == "nt" and len(parsed.scheme) == 1 and parsed.netloc == "":
-            return schemas[""](data)
-        if parsed.scheme not in schemas:
-            raise Invalid(f"Unsupported URL type {parsed.scheme}://")
-
-        return schemas[parsed.scheme](data)
-
-    return validate
-
-
-class RelPath(str):
-    pass
-
-
-REMOTE_COMMON = {
-    "url": str,
-    "checksum_jobs": All(Coerce(int), Range(1)),
-    Optional("no_traverse"): Bool,  # obsoleted
-    "verify": Bool,
-}
-LOCAL_COMMON = {
-    "type": supported_cache_type,
-    Optional("protected", default=False): Bool,  # obsoleted
-    "shared": All(Lower, Choices("group")),
-    Optional("slow_link_warning", default=True): Bool,
-}
-HTTP_COMMON = {
-    "auth": All(Lower, Choices("basic", "digest", "custom")),
-    "custom_auth_header": str,
-    "user": str,
-    "password": str,
-    "ask_password": Bool,
-    "ssl_verify": Bool,
-    "method": str,
-}
-WEBDAV_COMMON = {
-    "user": str,
-    "password": str,
-    "ask_password": Bool,
-    "token": str,
-    "cert_path": str,
-    "key_path": str,
-    "timeout": Coerce(int),
-}
-
-SCHEMA = {
-    "core": {
-        "remote": Lower,
-        "checksum_jobs": All(Coerce(int), Range(1)),
-        Optional("interactive", default=False): Bool,
-        Optional("analytics", default=True): Bool,
-        Optional("hardlink_lock", default=False): Bool,
-        Optional("no_scm", default=False): Bool,
-        Optional("autostage", default=False): Bool,
-        Optional("experiments", default=False): Bool,
-        Optional("check_update", default=True): Bool,
-    },
-    "cache": {
-        "local": str,
-        "s3": str,
-        "gs": str,
-        "hdfs": str,
-        "ssh": str,
-        "azure": str,
-        # This is for default local cache
-        "dir": str,
-        **LOCAL_COMMON,
-    },
-    "remote": {
-        str: ByUrl(
-            {
-                "": {**LOCAL_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
-                "s3": {
-                    "region": str,
-                    "profile": str,
-                    "credentialpath": str,
-                    "endpointurl": str,
-                    "access_key_id": str,
-                    "secret_access_key": str,
-                    Optional("listobjects", default=False): Bool,  # obsoleted
-                    Optional("use_ssl", default=True): Bool,
-                    "sse": str,
-                    "sse_kms_key_id": str,
-                    "acl": str,
-                    "grant_read": str,
-                    "grant_read_acp": str,
-                    "grant_write_acp": str,
-                    "grant_full_control": str,
-                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
-                },
-                "gs": {
-                    "projectname": str,
-                    "credentialpath": str,
-                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
-                },
-                "ssh": {
-                    "type": supported_cache_type,
-                    "port": Coerce(int),
-                    "user": str,
-                    "password": str,
-                    "ask_password": Bool,
-                    "keyfile": str,
-                    "timeout": Coerce(int),
-                    "gss_auth": Bool,
-                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
-                },
-                "hdfs": {"user": str, **REMOTE_COMMON},
-                "azure": {"connection_string": str, **REMOTE_COMMON},
-                "oss": {
-                    "oss_key_id": str,
-                    "oss_key_secret": str,
-                    "oss_endpoint": str,
-                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
-                },
-                "gdrive": {
-                    "gdrive_use_service_account": Bool,
-                    "gdrive_client_id": str,
-                    "gdrive_client_secret": str,
-                    "gdrive_user_credentials_file": str,
-                    "gdrive_service_account_email": str,
-                    "gdrive_service_account_user_email": str,
-                    "gdrive_service_account_p12_file_path": str,
-                    Optional("gdrive_trash_only", default=False): Bool,
-                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
-                },
-                "http": {**HTTP_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
-                "https": {**HTTP_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
-                "webdav": {**WEBDAV_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
-                "webdavs": {**WEBDAV_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
-                "remote": {str: object},  # Any of the above options are valid
-            }
-        )
-    },
-    "state": {
-        "row_limit": All(Coerce(int), Range(1)),
-        "row_cleanup_quota": All(Coerce(int), Range(0, 100)),
-    },
-}
-COMPILED_SCHEMA = Schema(SCHEMA)
+    return Bool(value)
 
 
 class Config(dict):
@@ -251,9 +63,9 @@ class Config(dict):
     CONFIG_LOCAL = "config.local"
 
     def __init__(
-        self, dvc_dir=None, validate=True, tree=None,
+        self, dvc_dir=None, validate=True, fs=None, config=None,
     ):  # pylint: disable=super-init-not-called
-        from dvc.tree.local import LocalTree
+        from dvc.fs.local import LocalFileSystem
 
         self.dvc_dir = dvc_dir
 
@@ -267,10 +79,10 @@ class Config(dict):
         else:
             self.dvc_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.realpath(dvc_dir))
 
-        self.wtree = LocalTree(None, {"url": self.dvc_dir})
-        self.tree = tree or self.wtree
+        self.wfs = LocalFileSystem(None, {"url": self.dvc_dir})
+        self.fs = fs or self.wfs
 
-        self.load(validate=validate)
+        self.load(validate=validate, config=config)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_dir(cls, level):
@@ -310,7 +122,7 @@ class Config(dict):
         open(config_file, "w+").close()
         return Config(dvc_dir)
 
-    def load(self, validate=True):
+    def load(self, validate=True, config=None):
         """Loads config from all the config files.
 
         Raises:
@@ -318,6 +130,9 @@ class Config(dict):
         """
         conf = self.load_config_to_level()
 
+        if config is not None:
+            merge(conf, config)
+
         if validate:
             conf = self.validate(conf)
 
@@ -328,32 +143,36 @@ class Config(dict):
         if not self["cache"].get("dir") and self.dvc_dir:
             self["cache"]["dir"] = os.path.join(self.dvc_dir, "cache")
 
-    def _get_tree(self, level):
-        # NOTE: this might be a GitTree, which doesn't see things outside of
+    def _get_fs(self, level):
+        # NOTE: this might be a Gitfs, which doesn't see things outside of
         # the repo.
-        return self.tree if level == "repo" else self.wtree
+        return self.fs if level == "repo" else self.wfs
 
     def _load_config(self, level):
-        filename = self.files[level]
-        tree = self._get_tree(level)
+        from configobj import ConfigObj
 
-        if tree.exists(filename, use_dvcignore=False):
-            with tree.open(filename) as fobj:
-                conf_obj = configobj.ConfigObj(fobj)
+        filename = self.files[level]
+        fs = self._get_fs(level)
+
+        if fs.exists(filename, use_dvcignore=False):
+            with fs.open(filename) as fobj:
+                conf_obj = ConfigObj(fobj)
         else:
-            conf_obj = configobj.ConfigObj()
+            conf_obj = ConfigObj()
         return _parse_remotes(_lower_keys(conf_obj.dict()))
 
     def _save_config(self, level, conf_dict):
+        from configobj import ConfigObj
+
         filename = self.files[level]
-        tree = self._get_tree(level)
+        fs = self._get_fs(level)
 
         logger.debug(f"Writing '{filename}'.")
 
-        tree.makedirs(os.path.dirname(filename))
+        fs.makedirs(os.path.dirname(filename))
 
-        config = configobj.ConfigObj(_pack_remotes(conf_dict))
-        with tree.open(filename, "wb") as fobj:
+        config = ConfigObj(_pack_remotes(conf_dict))
+        with fs.open(filename, "wb") as fobj:
             config.write(fobj)
         config.filename = filename
 
@@ -362,7 +181,7 @@ class Config(dict):
         conf = self._load_paths(conf, self.files[level])
 
         # Auto-verify sections
-        for key in COMPILED_SCHEMA.schema:
+        for key in get_compiled_schema().schema:
             conf.setdefault(key, {})
 
         return conf
@@ -372,14 +191,26 @@ class Config(dict):
         abs_conf_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(filename))
 
         def resolve(path):
+            from .config_schema import RelPath
+
             if os.path.isabs(path) or re.match(r"\w+://", path):
                 return path
+
+            # on windows convert slashes to backslashes
+            # to have path compatible with abs_conf_dir
+            if os.path.sep == "\\" and "/" in path:
+                path = path.replace("/", "\\")
+
             return RelPath(os.path.join(abs_conf_dir, path))
 
         return Config._map_dirs(conf, resolve)
 
     @staticmethod
     def _to_relpath(conf_dir, path):
+        from dvc.utils import relpath
+
+        from .config_schema import RelPath
+
         if re.match(r"\w+://", path):
             return path
 
@@ -397,10 +228,20 @@ class Config(dict):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _map_dirs(conf, func):
+        from voluptuous import ALLOW_EXTRA, Schema
+
         dirs_schema = {
             "cache": {"dir": func},
             "remote": {
-                str: {"url": func, "gdrive_user_credentials_file": func}
+                str: {
+                    "url": func,
+                    "gdrive_user_credentials_file": func,
+                    "gdrive_service_account_json_file_path": func,
+                    "credentialpath": func,
+                    "keyfile": func,
+                    "cert_path": func,
+                    "key_path": func,
+                }
             },
         }
         return Schema(dirs_schema, extra=ALLOW_EXTRA)(conf)
@@ -414,8 +255,16 @@ class Config(dict):
                 merge(merged_conf, self.load_one(merge_level))
         return merged_conf
 
+    def read(self, level=None):
+        # NOTE: we read from a merged config by default, same as git config
+        if level is None:
+            return self.load_config_to_level()
+        return self.load_one(level)
+
     @contextmanager
-    def edit(self, level="repo"):
+    def edit(self, level=None, validate=True):
+        # NOTE: we write to repo config by default, same as git config
+        level = level or "repo"
         if level in {"repo", "local"} and self.dvc_dir is None:
             raise ConfigError("Not inside a DVC repo")
 
@@ -426,15 +275,19 @@ class Config(dict):
 
         merged_conf = self.load_config_to_level(level)
         merge(merged_conf, conf)
-        self.validate(merged_conf)
+
+        if validate:
+            self.validate(merged_conf)
 
         self._save_config(level, conf)
-        self.load()
+        self.load(validate=validate)
 
     @staticmethod
     def validate(data):
+        from voluptuous import Invalid
+
         try:
-            return COMPILED_SCHEMA(data)
+            return get_compiled_schema()(data)
         except Invalid as exc:
             raise ConfigError(str(exc)) from None
 

dvc/config_schema.py

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+import os
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
+
+from funcy import walk_values
+from voluptuous import (
+    All,
+    Any,
+    Coerce,
+    Invalid,
+    Lower,
+    Optional,
+    Range,
+    Schema,
+)
+
+Bool = All(
+    Lower,
+    Any("true", "false"),
+    lambda v: v == "true",
+    msg="expected true or false",
+)
+
+
+def supported_cache_type(types):
+    """Checks if link type config option consists only of valid values.
+
+    Args:
+        types (list/string): type(s) of links that dvc should try out.
+    """
+    if types is None:
+        return None
+    if isinstance(types, str):
+        types = [typ.strip() for typ in types.split(",")]
+
+    unsupported = set(types) - {"reflink", "hardlink", "symlink", "copy"}
+    if unsupported:
+        raise Invalid(
+            "Unsupported cache type(s): {}".format(", ".join(unsupported))
+        )
+
+    return types
+
+
+def Choices(*choices):
+    """Checks that value belongs to the specified set of values
+
+    Args:
+        *choices: pass allowed values as arguments, or pass a list or
+            tuple as a single argument
+    """
+    return Any(*choices, msg="expected one of {}".format(", ".join(choices)))
+
+
+def ByUrl(mapping):
+    schemas = walk_values(Schema, mapping)
+
+    def validate(data):
+        if "url" not in data:
+            raise Invalid("expected 'url'")
+
+        parsed = urlparse(data["url"])
+        # Windows absolute paths should really have scheme == "" (local)
+        if os.name == "nt" and len(parsed.scheme) == 1 and parsed.netloc == "":
+            return schemas[""](data)
+        if parsed.scheme not in schemas:
+            raise Invalid(f"Unsupported URL type {parsed.scheme}://")
+
+        return schemas[parsed.scheme](data)
+
+    return validate
+
+
+class RelPath(str):
+    pass
+
+
+REMOTE_COMMON = {
+    "url": str,
+    "checksum_jobs": All(Coerce(int), Range(1)),
+    "jobs": All(Coerce(int), Range(1)),
+    Optional("no_traverse"): Bool,  # obsoleted
+    "verify": Bool,
+}
+LOCAL_COMMON = {
+    "type": supported_cache_type,
+    Optional("protected", default=False): Bool,  # obsoleted
+    "shared": All(Lower, Choices("group")),
+    Optional("slow_link_warning", default=True): Bool,
+}
+HTTP_COMMON = {
+    "auth": All(Lower, Choices("basic", "digest", "custom")),
+    "custom_auth_header": str,
+    "user": str,
+    "password": str,
+    "ask_password": Bool,
+    "ssl_verify": Bool,
+    "method": str,
+}
+WEBDAV_COMMON = {
+    "user": str,
+    "password": str,
+    "ask_password": Bool,
+    "token": str,
+    "cert_path": str,
+    "key_path": str,
+    "timeout": Coerce(int),
+}
+
+SCHEMA = {
+    "core": {
+        "remote": Lower,
+        "checksum_jobs": All(Coerce(int), Range(1)),
+        Optional("interactive", default=False): Bool,
+        Optional("analytics", default=True): Bool,
+        Optional("hardlink_lock", default=False): Bool,
+        Optional("no_scm", default=False): Bool,
+        Optional("autostage", default=False): Bool,
+        Optional("experiments"): Bool,  # obsoleted
+        Optional("check_update", default=True): Bool,
+    },
+    "cache": {
+        "local": str,
+        "s3": str,
+        "gs": str,
+        "hdfs": str,
+        "webhdfs": str,
+        "ssh": str,
+        "azure": str,
+        # This is for default local cache
+        "dir": str,
+        **LOCAL_COMMON,
+    },
+    "remote": {
+        str: ByUrl(
+            {
+                "": {**LOCAL_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
+                "s3": {
+                    "region": str,
+                    "profile": str,
+                    "credentialpath": str,
+                    "configpath": str,
+                    "endpointurl": str,
+                    "access_key_id": str,
+                    "secret_access_key": str,
+                    "session_token": str,
+                    Optional("listobjects", default=False): Bool,  # obsoleted
+                    Optional("use_ssl", default=True): Bool,
+                    "sse": str,
+                    "sse_kms_key_id": str,
+                    "acl": str,
+                    "grant_read": str,
+                    "grant_read_acp": str,
+                    "grant_write_acp": str,
+                    "grant_full_control": str,
+                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
+                },
+                "gs": {
+                    "projectname": str,
+                    "credentialpath": str,
+                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
+                },
+                "ssh": {
+                    "type": supported_cache_type,
+                    "port": Coerce(int),
+                    "user": str,
+                    "password": str,
+                    "ask_password": Bool,
+                    "keyfile": str,
+                    "timeout": Coerce(int),
+                    "gss_auth": Bool,
+                    "allow_agent": Bool,
+                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
+                },
+                "hdfs": {"user": str, **REMOTE_COMMON},
+                "webhdfs": {
+                    "hdfscli_config": str,
+                    "webhdfs_token": str,
+                    "user": str,
+                    "webhdfs_alias": str,
+                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
+                },
+                "azure": {
+                    "connection_string": str,
+                    "sas_token": str,
+                    "account_name": str,
+                    "account_key": str,
+                    "tenant_id": str,
+                    "client_id": str,
+                    "client_secret": str,
+                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
+                },
+                "oss": {
+                    "oss_key_id": str,
+                    "oss_key_secret": str,
+                    "oss_endpoint": str,
+                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
+                },
+                "gdrive": {
+                    "gdrive_use_service_account": Bool,
+                    "gdrive_client_id": str,
+                    "gdrive_client_secret": str,
+                    "gdrive_user_credentials_file": str,
+                    "gdrive_service_account_user_email": str,
+                    "gdrive_service_account_json_file_path": str,
+                    Optional("gdrive_trash_only", default=False): Bool,
+                    **REMOTE_COMMON,
+                },
+                "http": {**HTTP_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
+                "https": {**HTTP_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
+                "webdav": {**WEBDAV_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
+                "webdavs": {**WEBDAV_COMMON, **REMOTE_COMMON},
+                "remote": {str: object},  # Any of the above options are valid
+            }
+        )
+    },
+    "state": {
+        "row_limit": All(Coerce(int), Range(1)),  # obsoleted
+        "row_cleanup_quota": All(Coerce(int), Range(0, 100)),  # obsoleted
+    },
+    # section for experimental features
+    "feature": {
+        # enabled by default. It's of no use, kept for backward compatibility.
+        Optional("parametrization", default=True): Bool
+    },
+}

dvc/data_cloud.py

@@ -2,9 +2,6 @@
 
 import logging
 
-from dvc.config import NoRemoteError
-from dvc.remote import get_remote
-
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
@@ -23,6 +20,8 @@ class DataCloud:
         self.repo = repo
 
     def get_remote(self, name=None, command="<command>"):
+        from dvc.config import NoRemoteError
+
         if not name:
             name = self.repo.config["core"].get("remote")
 
@@ -45,6 +44,8 @@ class DataCloud:
         raise NoRemoteError(error_msg)
 
     def _init_remote(self, name):
+        from dvc.remote import get_remote
+
         return get_remote(self.repo, name=name)
 
     def push(
@@ -62,8 +63,11 @@ class DataCloud:
         """
         remote = self.get_remote(remote, "push")
 
-        return self.repo.cache.local.push(
-            cache, jobs=jobs, remote=remote, show_checksums=show_checksums,
+        return remote.push(
+            self.repo.odb.local,
+            cache,
+            jobs=jobs,
+            show_checksums=show_checksums,
         )
 
     def pull(
@@ -81,10 +85,31 @@ class DataCloud:
         """
         remote = self.get_remote(remote, "pull")
 
-        return self.repo.cache.local.pull(
-            cache, jobs=jobs, remote=remote, show_checksums=show_checksums
+        return remote.pull(
+            self.repo.odb.local,
+            cache,
+            jobs=jobs,
+            show_checksums=show_checksums,
         )
 
+    def transfer(self, source, jobs=None, remote=None, command=None):
+        """Transfer data items in a cloud-agnostic way.
+
+        Args:
+            source (str): url for the source location.
+            jobs (int): number of jobs that can be running simultaneously.
+            remote (dvc.remote.base.BaseRemote): optional remote to compare
+                cache to. By default remote from core.remote config option
+                is used.
+            command (str): the command which is benefitting from this function
+                (to be used for reporting better error messages).
+        """
+        from dvc.fs import get_cloud_fs
+
+        from_fs = get_cloud_fs(self.repo, url=source)
+        remote = self.get_remote(remote, command)
+        return remote.transfer(from_fs, from_fs.path_info, jobs=jobs)
+
     def status(
         self,
         cache,
@@ -107,14 +132,14 @@ class DataCloud:
                 neither in cache, neither in cloud.
         """
         remote = self.get_remote(remote, "status")
-        return self.repo.cache.local.status(
+        return remote.status(
+            self.repo.odb.local,
             cache,
             jobs=jobs,
-            remote=remote,
             show_checksums=show_checksums,
             log_missing=log_missing,
         )
 
     def get_url_for(self, remote, checksum):
         remote = self.get_remote(remote)
-        return str(remote.tree.hash_to_path_info(checksum))
+        return str(remote.odb.hash_to_path_info(checksum))

dvc/dependency/__init__.py

@@ -11,23 +11,15 @@ from dvc.dependency.local import LocalDependency
 from dvc.dependency.param import ParamsDependency
 from dvc.dependency.s3 import S3Dependency
 from dvc.dependency.ssh import SSHDependency
+from dvc.dependency.webdav import WebDAVDependency
+from dvc.dependency.webdavs import WebDAVSDependency
+from dvc.dependency.webhdfs import WebHDFSDependency
 from dvc.output.base import BaseOutput
 from dvc.scheme import Schemes
 
-from ..tree import get_cloud_tree
+from ..fs import get_cloud_fs
 from .repo import RepoDependency
 
-DEPS = [
-    AzureDependency,
-    GSDependency,
-    HDFSDependency,
-    HTTPDependency,
-    HTTPSDependency,
-    S3Dependency,
-    SSHDependency,
-    # NOTE: LocalDependency is the default choice
-]
-
 DEP_MAP = {
     Schemes.LOCAL: LocalDependency,
     Schemes.SSH: SSHDependency,
@@ -37,16 +29,20 @@ DEP_MAP = {
     Schemes.HDFS: HDFSDependency,
     Schemes.HTTP: HTTPDependency,
     Schemes.HTTPS: HTTPSDependency,
+    Schemes.WEBDAV: WebDAVDependency,
+    Schemes.WEBDAVS: WebDAVSDependency,
+    Schemes.WEBHDFS: WebHDFSDependency,
 }
 
 
 # NOTE: schema for dependencies is basically the same as for outputs, but
 # without output-specific entries like 'cache' (whether or not output is
 # cached, see -o and -O flags for `dvc run`) and 'metric' (whether or not
-# output is a metric file and how to parse it, see `-M` flag for `dvc run`).
+# output is a metrics file and how to parse it, see `-M` flag for `dvc run`).
 SCHEMA = output.SCHEMA.copy()
 del SCHEMA[BaseOutput.PARAM_CACHE]
 del SCHEMA[BaseOutput.PARAM_METRIC]
+del SCHEMA[BaseOutput.PARAM_DESC]
 SCHEMA.update(RepoDependency.REPO_SCHEMA)
 SCHEMA.update(ParamsDependency.PARAM_SCHEMA)
 
@@ -54,8 +50,8 @@ SCHEMA.update(ParamsDependency.PARAM_SCHEMA)
 def _get(stage, p, info):
     parsed = urlparse(p) if p else None
     if parsed and parsed.scheme == "remote":
-        tree = get_cloud_tree(stage.repo, name=parsed.netloc)
-        return DEP_MAP[tree.scheme](stage, p, info, tree=tree)
+        fs = get_cloud_fs(stage.repo, name=parsed.netloc)
+        return DEP_MAP[fs.scheme](stage, p, info, fs=fs)
 
     if info and info.get(RepoDependency.PARAM_REPO):
         repo = info.pop(RepoDependency.PARAM_REPO)
@@ -65,10 +61,8 @@ def _get(stage, p, info):
         params = info.pop(ParamsDependency.PARAM_PARAMS)
         return ParamsDependency(stage, p, params)
 
-    for d in DEPS:
-        if d.supported(p):
-            return d(stage, p, info)
-    return LocalDependency(stage, p, info)
+    dep_cls = DEP_MAP.get(parsed.scheme, LocalDependency)
+    return dep_cls(stage, p, info)
 
 
 def loadd_from(stage, d_list):

dvc/dependency/azure.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 from dvc.dependency.base import BaseDependency
 from dvc.output.base import BaseOutput
 
-from ..tree.azure import AzureTree
+from ..fs.azure import AzureFileSystem
 
 
 class AzureDependency(BaseDependency, BaseOutput):
-    TREE_CLS = AzureTree
+    FS_CLS = AzureFileSystem

dvc/dependency/base.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from typing import Type
+
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
 
 
@@ -15,15 +17,17 @@ class DependencyIsNotFileOrDirError(DvcException):
 
 class DependencyIsStageFileError(DvcException):
     def __init__(self, path):
-        super().__init__(f"Stage file '{path}' cannot be a dependency.")
+        super().__init__(f"DVC file '{path}' cannot be a dependency.")
 
 
 class BaseDependency:
     IS_DEPENDENCY = True
 
-    DoesNotExistError = DependencyDoesNotExistError
-    IsNotFileOrDirError = DependencyIsNotFileOrDirError
-    IsStageFileError = DependencyIsStageFileError
+    DoesNotExistError = DependencyDoesNotExistError  # type: Type[DvcException]
+    IsNotFileOrDirError = (
+        DependencyIsNotFileOrDirError
+    )  # type: Type[DvcException]
+    IsStageFileError = DependencyIsStageFileError  # type: Type[DvcException]
 
     def update(self, rev=None):
         pass

dvc/dependency/gs.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 from dvc.dependency.base import BaseDependency
-from dvc.output.gs import GSOutput
+from dvc.output.base import BaseOutput
+
+from ..fs.gs import GSFileSystem
 
 
-class GSDependency(BaseDependency, GSOutput):
-    pass
+class GSDependency(BaseDependency, BaseOutput):
+    FS_CLS = GSFileSystem

dvc/dependency/http.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 from dvc.dependency.base import BaseDependency
 from dvc.output.base import BaseOutput
 
-from ..tree.http import HTTPTree
+from ..fs.http import HTTPFileSystem
 
 
 class HTTPDependency(BaseDependency, BaseOutput):
-    TREE_CLS = HTTPTree
+    FS_CLS = HTTPFileSystem

dvc/dependency/https.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-from ..tree.https import HTTPSTree
+from ..fs.https import HTTPSFileSystem
 from .http import HTTPDependency
 
 
 class HTTPSDependency(HTTPDependency):
-    TREE_CLS = HTTPSTree
+    FS_CLS = HTTPSFileSystem

dvc/dependency/param.py

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class ParamsDependency(LocalDependency):
         suffix = self.path_info.suffix.lower()
         loader = LOADERS[suffix]
         try:
-            config = loader(self.path_info, tree=self.repo.tree)
+            config = loader(self.path_info, fs=self.repo.fs)
         except ParseError as exc:
             raise BadParamFileError(
                 f"Unable to read parameters from '{self}'"

dvc/dependency/repo.py

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from voluptuous import Required
 
+from dvc.path_info import PathInfo
+
 from .local import LocalDependency
 
 
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ class RepoDependency(LocalDependency):
         self.def_repo = def_repo
         super().__init__(stage, *args, **kwargs)
 
-    def _parse_path(self, tree, path):
+    def _parse_path(self, fs, path):
         return None
 
     @property
@@ -45,10 +47,16 @@ class RepoDependency(LocalDependency):
         return external_repo(d["url"], rev=rev, **kwargs)
 
     def _get_hash(self, locked=True):
-        # we want stream but not fetch, so DVC out directories are
-        # walked, but dir contents is not fetched
-        with self._make_repo(locked=locked, fetch=False, stream=True) as repo:
-            return repo.get_checksum(self.def_path)
+        from dvc.objects.stage import stage
+
+        with self._make_repo(locked=locked) as repo:
+            path_info = PathInfo(repo.root_dir) / self.def_path
+            return stage(
+                self.repo.odb.local,
+                path_info,
+                repo.repo_fs,
+                follow_subrepos=False,
+            ).hash_info
 
     def workspace_status(self):
         current = self._get_hash(locked=True)
@@ -68,16 +76,29 @@ class RepoDependency(LocalDependency):
     def dumpd(self):
         return {self.PARAM_PATH: self.def_path, self.PARAM_REPO: self.def_repo}
 
-    def download(self, to):
-        cache = self.repo.cache.local
+    def download(self, to, jobs=None):
+        from dvc.checkout import checkout
+        from dvc.config import NoRemoteError
+        from dvc.exceptions import NoOutputOrStageError
+        from dvc.objects import save
+        from dvc.objects.stage import stage
 
-        with self._make_repo(cache_dir=cache.cache_dir) as repo:
+        odb = self.repo.odb.local
+
+        with self._make_repo(cache_dir=odb.cache_dir) as repo:
             if self.def_repo.get(self.PARAM_REV_LOCK) is None:
                 self.def_repo[self.PARAM_REV_LOCK] = repo.get_rev()
+            path_info = PathInfo(repo.root_dir) / self.def_path
+            try:
+                repo.fetch([path_info.fspath], jobs=jobs, recursive=True)
+            except (NoOutputOrStageError, NoRemoteError):
+                pass
+            obj = stage(
+                odb, path_info, repo.repo_fs, jobs=jobs, follow_subrepos=False,
+            )
+            save(odb, obj, jobs=jobs)
 
-            _, _, cache_infos = repo.fetch_external([self.def_path])
-
-        cache.checkout(to.path_info, cache_infos[0])
+        checkout(to.path_info, to.fs, obj, odb)
 
     def update(self, rev=None):
         if rev:

dvc/dependency/webdav.py

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+from dvc.dependency.base import BaseDependency
+from dvc.output.base import BaseOutput
+
+from ..fs.webdav import WebDAVFileSystem
+
+
+class WebDAVDependency(BaseDependency, BaseOutput):
+    FS_CLS = WebDAVFileSystem

dvc/dependency/webdavs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+from ..fs.webdavs import WebDAVSFileSystem
+from .webdav import WebDAVDependency
+
+
+class WebDAVSDependency(WebDAVDependency):
+    FS_CLS = WebDAVSFileSystem

dvc/dependency/webhdfs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+from dvc.dependency.base import BaseDependency
+from dvc.output.webhdfs import WebHDFSOutput
+
+
+class WebHDFSDependency(BaseDependency, WebHDFSOutput):
+    pass

dvc/dir_info.py

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+import posixpath
+from operator import itemgetter
+
+from funcy import cached_property
+from pygtrie import Trie
+
+from .hash_info import HashInfo
+
+
+def _diff(ancestor, other, allow_removed=False):
+    from dictdiffer import diff
+
+    from dvc.exceptions import MergeError
+
+    allowed = ["add"]
+    if allow_removed:
+        allowed.append("remove")
+
+    result = list(diff(ancestor, other))
+    for typ, _, _ in result:
+        if typ not in allowed:
+            raise MergeError(
+                "unable to auto-merge directories with diff that contains "
+                f"'{typ}'ed files"
+            )
+    return result
+
+
+def _merge(ancestor, our, their):
+    import copy
+
+    from dictdiffer import patch
+
+    our_diff = _diff(ancestor, our)
+    if not our_diff:
+        return copy.deepcopy(their)
+
+    their_diff = _diff(ancestor, their)
+    if not their_diff:
+        return copy.deepcopy(our)
+
+    # make sure there are no conflicting files
+    _diff(our, their, allow_removed=True)
+
+    return patch(our_diff + their_diff, ancestor)
+
+
+class DirInfo:
+    PARAM_RELPATH = "relpath"
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._dict = {}
+
+    def as_dict(self):
+        return self._dict.copy()
+
+    def add(self, key, hash_info):
+        self.__dict__.pop("trie", None)
+        self._dict[key] = hash_info
+
+    def get(self, key, default=None):
+        return self._dict.get(key, default)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def trie(self):
+        return Trie(self._dict)
+
+    @property
+    def size(self):
+        try:
+            return sum(hash_info.size for _, hash_info in self._dict.items())
+        except TypeError:
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def nfiles(self):
+        return len(self._dict)
+
+    def items(self):
+        for key, hash_info in self._dict.items():
+            yield key, hash_info
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_list(cls, lst):
+        ret = DirInfo()
+        for _entry in lst:
+            entry = _entry.copy()
+            relpath = entry.pop(cls.PARAM_RELPATH)
+            parts = tuple(relpath.split(posixpath.sep))
+            hash_info = HashInfo.from_dict(entry)
+            ret.add(parts, hash_info)
+        return ret
+
+    def to_list(self):
+        # Sorting the list by path to ensure reproducibility
+        return sorted(
+            (
+                {
+                    # NOTE: not using hash_info.to_dict() because we don't want
+                    # size/nfiles fields at this point.
+                    hash_info.name: hash_info.value,
+                    self.PARAM_RELPATH: posixpath.sep.join(parts),
+                }
+                for parts, hash_info in self._dict.items()  # noqa: B301
+            ),
+            key=itemgetter(self.PARAM_RELPATH),
+        )
+
+    def merge(self, ancestor, their):
+        merged_dict = _merge(
+            ancestor.as_dict(), self.as_dict(), their.as_dict(),
+        )
+
+        merged = DirInfo()
+        for key, hi in merged_dict.items():
+            merged.add(key, hi)
+        return merged

dvc/dvcfile.py

@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@ import collections
 import contextlib
 import logging
 import os
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Union
 
 from voluptuous import MultipleInvalid
 
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+from dvc.parsing.versions import LOCKFILE_VERSION, SCHEMA_KWD
 from dvc.stage import serialize
 from dvc.stage.exceptions import (
     StageFileBadNameError,
@@ -13,17 +15,19 @@ from dvc.stage.exceptions import (
     StageFileFormatError,
     StageFileIsNotDvcFileError,
 )
-from dvc.stage.loader import SingleStageLoader, StageLoader
+from dvc.types import AnyPath
 from dvc.utils import relpath
 from dvc.utils.collections import apply_diff
 from dvc.utils.serialize import (
     dump_yaml,
-    load_yaml,
     modify_yaml,
     parse_yaml,
     parse_yaml_for_update,
 )
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.repo import Repo
+
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 DVC_FILE = "Dvcfile"
@@ -32,10 +36,19 @@ PIPELINE_FILE = "dvc.yaml"
 PIPELINE_LOCK = "dvc.lock"
 
 
+class FileIsGitIgnored(DvcException):
+    def __init__(self, path):
+        super().__init__(f"'{path}' is git-ignored.")
+
+
 class LockfileCorruptedError(DvcException):
     pass
 
 
+class ParametrizedDumpError(DvcException):
+    pass
+
+
 def is_valid_filename(path):
     return path.endswith(DVC_FILE_SUFFIX) or os.path.basename(path) in [
         DVC_FILE,
@@ -45,16 +58,20 @@ def is_valid_filename(path):
 
 def is_dvc_file(path):
     return os.path.isfile(path) and (
-        is_valid_filename(path) or os.path.basename(path) == PIPELINE_LOCK
+        is_valid_filename(path) or is_lock_file(path)
     )
 
 
+def is_lock_file(path):
+    return os.path.basename(path) == PIPELINE_LOCK
+
+
 def check_dvc_filename(path):
     if not is_valid_filename(path):
         raise StageFileBadNameError(
-            "bad DVC-file name '{}'. DVC-files should be named "
-            "'Dvcfile' or have a '.dvc' suffix (e.g. '{}.dvc').".format(
-                relpath(path), os.path.basename(path)
+            "bad DVC file name '{}'. DVC files should be named "
+            "'{}' or have a '.dvc' suffix (e.g. '{}.dvc').".format(
+                relpath(path), PIPELINE_FILE, os.path.basename(path)
             )
         )
 
@@ -88,31 +105,48 @@ class FileMixin:
         return relpath(self.path)
 
     def exists(self):
-        return self.repo.tree.exists(self.path)
+        return self.repo.fs.exists(self.path)
+
+    def _is_git_ignored(self):
+        from dvc.fs.local import LocalFileSystem
+
+        return isinstance(
+            self.repo.fs, LocalFileSystem
+        ) and self.repo.scm.is_ignored(self.path)
+
+    def _verify_filename(self):
+        if self.verify:
+            check_dvc_filename(self.path)
+
+    def _check_gitignored(self):
+        if self._is_git_ignored():
+            raise FileIsGitIgnored(self.path)
 
     def _load(self):
         # it raises the proper exceptions by priority:
         # 1. when the file doesn't exists
-        # 2. filename is not a DVC-file
+        # 2. filename is not a DVC file
         # 3. path doesn't represent a regular file
+        # 4. when the file is git ignored
         if not self.exists():
-            raise StageFileDoesNotExistError(self.path)
-        if self.verify:
-            check_dvc_filename(self.path)
-        if not self.repo.tree.isfile(self.path):
+            is_ignored = self.repo.fs.exists(self.path, use_dvcignore=False)
+            raise StageFileDoesNotExistError(self.path, dvc_ignored=is_ignored)
+
+        self._verify_filename()
+        if not self.repo.fs.isfile(self.path):
             raise StageFileIsNotDvcFileError(self.path)
 
-        with self.repo.tree.open(self.path) as fd:
+        self._check_gitignored()
+        with self.repo.fs.open(self.path, encoding="utf-8") as fd:
             stage_text = fd.read()
         d = parse_yaml(stage_text, self.path)
-        self.validate(d, self.relpath)
-        return d, stage_text
+        return self.validate(d, self.relpath), stage_text
 
     @classmethod
     def validate(cls, d, fname=None):
         assert isinstance(cls.SCHEMA, collections.abc.Callable)
         try:
-            cls.SCHEMA(d)  # pylint: disable=not-callable
+            return cls.SCHEMA(d)  # pylint: disable=not-callable
         except MultipleInvalid as exc:
             raise StageFileFormatError(f"'{fname}' format error: {exc}")
 
@@ -129,16 +163,17 @@ class FileMixin:
 
 class SingleStageFile(FileMixin):
     from dvc.schema import COMPILED_SINGLE_STAGE_SCHEMA as SCHEMA
+    from dvc.stage.loader import SingleStageLoader as LOADER
 
     @property
     def stage(self):
         data, raw = self._load()
-        return SingleStageLoader.load_stage(self, data, raw)
+        return self.LOADER.load_stage(self, data, raw)
 
     @property
     def stages(self):
         data, raw = self._load()
-        return SingleStageLoader(self, data, raw)
+        return self.LOADER(self, data, raw)
 
     def dump(self, stage, **kwargs):
         """Dumps given stage appropriately in the dvcfile."""
@@ -169,6 +204,7 @@ class PipelineFile(FileMixin):
     """Abstraction for pipelines file, .yaml + .lock combined."""
 
     from dvc.schema import COMPILED_MULTI_STAGE_SCHEMA as SCHEMA
+    from dvc.stage.loader import StageLoader as LOADER
 
     @property
     def _lockfile(self):
@@ -193,10 +229,16 @@ class PipelineFile(FileMixin):
     def _dump_lockfile(self, stage):
         self._lockfile.dump(stage)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _check_if_parametrized(stage):
+        if stage.raw_data.parametrized:
+            raise ParametrizedDumpError(f"cannot dump a parametrized {stage}")
+
     def _dump_pipeline_file(self, stage):
+        self._check_if_parametrized(stage)
         stage_data = serialize.to_pipeline_file(stage)
 
-        with modify_yaml(self.path, tree=self.repo.tree) as data:
+        with modify_yaml(self.path, fs=self.repo.fs) as data:
             if not data:
                 logger.info("Creating '%s'", self.relpath)
 
@@ -209,8 +251,6 @@ class PipelineFile(FileMixin):
 
             if existing_entry:
                 orig_stage_data = data["stages"][stage.name]
-                if "meta" in orig_stage_data:
-                    stage_data[stage.name]["meta"] = orig_stage_data["meta"]
                 apply_diff(stage_data[stage.name], orig_stage_data)
             else:
                 data["stages"].update(stage_data)
@@ -227,7 +267,7 @@ class PipelineFile(FileMixin):
     def stages(self):
         data, _ = self._load()
         lockfile_data = self._lockfile.load()
-        return StageLoader(self, data.get("stages", {}), lockfile_data)
+        return self.LOADER(self, data, lockfile_data)
 
     def remove(self, force=False):
         if not force:
@@ -242,7 +282,7 @@ class PipelineFile(FileMixin):
         if not self.exists():
             return
 
-        with open(self.path, "r") as f:
+        with open(self.path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
             d = parse_yaml_for_update(f.read(), self.path)
 
         self.validate(d, self.path)
@@ -261,35 +301,90 @@ class PipelineFile(FileMixin):
         raise NotImplementedError
 
 
+def get_lockfile_schema(d):
+    from dvc.schema import (
+        COMPILED_LOCKFILE_V1_SCHEMA,
+        COMPILED_LOCKFILE_V2_SCHEMA,
+    )
+
+    schema = {
+        LOCKFILE_VERSION.V1: COMPILED_LOCKFILE_V1_SCHEMA,
+        LOCKFILE_VERSION.V2: COMPILED_LOCKFILE_V2_SCHEMA,
+    }
+
+    version = LOCKFILE_VERSION.from_dict(d)
+    return schema[version]
+
+
+def migrate_lock_v1_to_v2(d, version_info):
+    stages = {k: v for k, v in d.items()}
+
+    for key in stages:
+        d.pop(key)
+
+    # forcing order, meta should always be at the top
+    d.update(version_info)
+    d["stages"] = stages
+
+
 class Lockfile(FileMixin):
-    from dvc.schema import COMPILED_LOCKFILE_SCHEMA as SCHEMA
-
-    def load(self):
-        if not self.exists():
-            return {}
-
-        data = load_yaml(self.path, tree=self.repo.tree)
+    @classmethod
+    def validate(cls, d, fname=None):
+        schema = get_lockfile_schema(d)
         try:
-            self.validate(data, fname=self.relpath)
-        except StageFileFormatError:
+            return schema(d)
+        except MultipleInvalid as exc:
+            raise StageFileFormatError(f"'{fname}' format error: {exc}")
+
+    def _verify_filename(self):
+        pass  # lockfile path is hardcoded, so no need to verify here
+
+    def _load(self):
+        try:
+            return super()._load()
+        except StageFileDoesNotExistError:
+            # we still need to account for git-ignored dvc.lock file
+            # even though it may not exist or have been .dvcignored
+            self._check_gitignored()
+            return {}, ""
+        except StageFileFormatError as exc:
             raise LockfileCorruptedError(
                 f"Lockfile '{self.relpath}' is corrupted."
-            )
-        return data
+            ) from exc
+
+    def load(self):
+        d, _ = self._load()
+        return d
+
+    @property
+    def latest_version_info(self):
+        version = LOCKFILE_VERSION.V2.value  # pylint:disable=no-member
+        return {SCHEMA_KWD: version}
 
     def dump(self, stage, **kwargs):
         stage_data = serialize.to_lockfile(stage)
 
-        with modify_yaml(self.path, tree=self.repo.tree) as data:
-            if not data:
-                logger.info("Generating lock file '%s'", self.relpath)
+        with modify_yaml(self.path, fs=self.repo.fs) as data:
+            version = LOCKFILE_VERSION.from_dict(data)
+            if version == LOCKFILE_VERSION.V1:
+                logger.info(
+                    "Migrating lock file '%s' from v1 to v2", self.relpath
+                )
+                migrate_lock_v1_to_v2(data, self.latest_version_info)
+            else:
+                if not data:
+                    data.update(self.latest_version_info)
+                    # order is important, meta should always be at the top
+                    logger.info("Generating lock file '%s'", self.relpath)
 
-            modified = data.get(stage.name, {}) != stage_data.get(
+            data["stages"] = data.get("stages", {})
+            modified = data["stages"].get(stage.name, {}) != stage_data.get(
                 stage.name, {}
             )
             if modified:
                 logger.info("Updating lock file '%s'", self.relpath)
-            data.update(stage_data)
+
+            data["stages"].update(stage_data)
 
         if modified:
             self.repo.scm.track_file(self.relpath)
@@ -298,17 +393,19 @@ class Lockfile(FileMixin):
         if not self.exists():
             return
 
-        with open(self.path) as f:
+        with open(self.path, encoding="utf-8") as f:
             d = parse_yaml_for_update(f.read(), self.path)
         self.validate(d, self.path)
 
-        if stage.name not in d:
+        version = LOCKFILE_VERSION.from_dict(d)
+        data = d if version == LOCKFILE_VERSION.V1 else d.get("stages", {})
+        if stage.name not in data:
             return
 
         logger.debug("Removing '%s' from '%s'", stage.name, self.path)
-        del d[stage.name]
+        del data[stage.name]
 
-        if d:
+        if data:
             dump_yaml(self.path, d)
         else:
             self.remove()
@@ -318,12 +415,19 @@ class Lockfile(FileMixin):
 
 
 class Dvcfile:
-    def __new__(cls, repo, path, **kwargs):
+    def __new__(cls, repo: "Repo", path: AnyPath, **kwargs: Any):
         assert path
         assert repo
 
-        _, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
-        if ext in [".yaml", ".yml"]:
-            return PipelineFile(repo, path, **kwargs)
-        # fallback to single stage file for better error messages
-        return SingleStageFile(repo, path, **kwargs)
+        return make_dvcfile(repo, path, **kwargs)
+
+
+DVCFile = Union["PipelineFile", "SingleStageFile"]
+
+
+def make_dvcfile(repo: "Repo", path: AnyPath, **kwargs: Any) -> DVCFile:
+    _, ext = os.path.splitext(str(path))
+    if ext in [".yaml", ".yml"]:
+        return PipelineFile(repo, path, **kwargs)
+    # fallback to single stage file for better error messages
+    return SingleStageFile(repo, path, **kwargs)

dvc/env.py

@@ -1,2 +1,8 @@
+DVC_CHECKPOINT = "DVC_CHECKPOINT"
 DVC_DAEMON = "DVC_DAEMON"
 DVC_PAGER = "DVC_PAGER"
+DVC_ROOT = "DVC_ROOT"
+DVCLIVE_PATH = "DVCLIVE_PATH"
+DVCLIVE_SUMMARY = "DVCLIVE_SUMMARY"
+DVCLIVE_HTML = "DVCLIVE_HTML"
+DVCLIVE_RESUME = "DVCLIVE_RESUME"

dvc/exceptions.py

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 """Exceptions raised by the dvc."""
-from funcy import first
-
-from dvc.utils import error_link, format_link, relpath
+from typing import List
 
 
 class DvcException(Exception):
@@ -9,6 +7,7 @@ class DvcException(Exception):
 
     def __init__(self, msg, *args):
         assert msg
+        self.msg = msg
         super().__init__(msg, *args)
 
 
@@ -26,6 +25,8 @@ class OutputDuplicationError(DvcException):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, output, stages):
+        from funcy import first
+
         assert isinstance(output, str)
         assert all(hasattr(stage, "relpath") for stage in stages)
         if len(stages) == 1:
@@ -42,17 +43,19 @@ class OutputDuplicationError(DvcException):
 
 
 class OutputNotFoundError(DvcException):
-    """Thrown if a file/directory not found in repository pipelines.
+    """Thrown if a file/directory is not found as an output in any pipeline.
 
     Args:
         output (unicode): path to the file/directory.
     """
 
     def __init__(self, output, repo=None):
+        from dvc.utils import relpath
+
         self.output = output
         self.repo = repo
         super().__init__(
-            "Unable to find DVC-file with output '{path}'".format(
+            "Unable to find DVC file with output '{path}'".format(
                 path=relpath(self.output)
             )
         )
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ class ArgumentDuplicationError(DvcException):
 
 
 class MoveNotDataSourceError(DvcException):
-    """Thrown if attempted to move a file/directory that is not an output
+    """Thrown when trying to move a file/directory that is not an output
     in a data source stage.
 
     Args:
@@ -164,24 +167,42 @@ class BadMetricError(DvcException):
     def __init__(self, paths):
         super().__init__(
             "the following metrics do not exist, "
-            "are not metric files or are malformed: {paths}".format(
+            "are not metrics files or are malformed: {paths}".format(
                 paths=", ".join(f"'{path}'" for path in paths)
             )
         )
 
 
-class NoMetricsError(DvcException):
+class MetricsError(DvcException):
     pass
 
 
-class NoPlotsError(DvcException):
-    def __init__(self):
+class NoMetricsParsedError(MetricsError):
+    def __init__(self, command):
         super().__init__(
-            "no plots in this repository. Use `--plots/--plots-no-cache` "
-            "options for `dvc run` to mark stage outputs as plots."
+            f"Could not parse {command} files. Use `-v` option to see more "
+            "details."
         )
 
 
+class NoMetricsFoundError(MetricsError):
+    def __init__(self, command, run_options):
+        super().__init__(
+            f"No {command} files in this repository. "
+            f"Use `{run_options}` options for "
+            f"`dvc run` to mark stage outputs as {command}."
+        )
+
+
+class MetricDoesNotExistError(MetricsError):
+    def __init__(self, targets: List[str]):
+        if len(targets) == 1:
+            msg = "'{}' does not exist."
+        else:
+            msg = "'{}' do not exist."
+        super().__init__(msg.format(", ".join(targets)))
+
+
 class RecursiveAddingWhileUsingFilename(DvcException):
     def __init__(self):
         super().__init__(
@@ -228,6 +249,8 @@ class DvcIgnoreInCollectedDirError(DvcException):
 
 class GitHookAlreadyExistsError(DvcException):
     def __init__(self, hook_name):
+        from dvc.utils import format_link
+
         super().__init__(
             "Hook '{}' already exists. Please refer to {} for more "
             "info.".format(
@@ -252,6 +275,8 @@ class UploadError(DvcException):
 
 class CheckoutError(DvcException):
     def __init__(self, target_infos, stats=None):
+        from dvc.utils import error_link
+
         self.target_infos = target_infos
         self.stats = stats
         targets = [str(t) for t in target_infos]
@@ -277,6 +302,8 @@ class NoRemoteInExternalRepoError(DvcException):
 
 class NoOutputInExternalRepoError(DvcException):
     def __init__(self, path, external_repo_path, external_repo_url):
+        from dvc.utils import relpath
+
         super().__init__(
             "Output '{}' not found in target repository '{}'".format(
                 relpath(path, external_repo_path), external_repo_url
@@ -307,6 +334,8 @@ class PathMissingError(DvcException):
 
 class RemoteCacheRequiredError(DvcException):
     def __init__(self, path_info):
+        from dvc.utils import format_link
+
         super().__init__(
             (
                 "Current operation was unsuccessful because '{}' requires "
@@ -338,3 +367,20 @@ class NoOutputOrStageError(DvcException):
 
 class MergeError(DvcException):
     pass
+
+
+class CacheLinkError(DvcException):
+    from dvc.utils import format_link
+
+    SUPPORT_LINK = "See {} for more information.".format(
+        format_link(
+            "https://dvc.org/doc/user-guide/troubleshooting#cache-types"
+        )
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, path_infos):
+        msg = "No possible cache link types for '{}'. {}".format(
+            ", ".join([str(path) for path in path_infos]), self.SUPPORT_LINK,
+        )
+        super().__init__(msg)
+        self.path_infos = path_infos

dvc/external_repo.py

@@ -3,40 +3,31 @@ import os
 import tempfile
 import threading
 from contextlib import contextmanager
-from distutils.dir_util import copy_tree
-from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Dict
 
-from funcy import cached_property, reraise, retry, wrap_with
+from funcy import retry, wrap_with
 
-from dvc.cache import Cache
-from dvc.config import NoRemoteError, NotDvcRepoError
 from dvc.exceptions import (
-    DvcException,
     FileMissingError,
     NoOutputInExternalRepoError,
     NoRemoteInExternalRepoError,
+    NotDvcRepoError,
     OutputNotFoundError,
     PathMissingError,
 )
-from dvc.path_info import PathInfo
 from dvc.repo import Repo
-from dvc.scm.base import CloneError
-from dvc.scm.git import Git
-from dvc.state import StateNoop
-from dvc.tree.local import LocalTree
-from dvc.tree.repo import RepoTree
 from dvc.utils import relpath
-from dvc.utils.fs import remove
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-class IsADVCRepoError(DvcException):
-    """Raised when it is not expected to be a dvc repo."""
-
-
 @contextmanager
-def external_repo(url, rev=None, for_write=False, **kwargs):
+def external_repo(
+    url, rev=None, for_write=False, cache_dir=None, cache_types=None, **kwargs
+):
+    from dvc.config import NoRemoteError
+    from dvc.scm.git import Git
+
     logger.debug("Creating external repo %s@%s", url, rev)
     path = _cached_clone(url, rev, for_write=for_write)
     # Local HEAD points to the tip of whatever branch we first cloned from
@@ -44,19 +35,42 @@ def external_repo(url, rev=None, for_write=False, **kwargs):
     # the tip of the default branch
     rev = rev or "refs/remotes/origin/HEAD"
 
+    cache_config = {
+        "cache": {
+            "dir": cache_dir or _get_cache_dir(url),
+            "type": cache_types,
+        }
+    }
+
+    config = _get_remote_config(url) if os.path.isdir(url) else {}
+    config.update(cache_config)
+
+    def make_repo(path, **_kwargs):
+        _config = cache_config.copy()
+        if os.path.isdir(url):
+            rel = os.path.relpath(path, _kwargs["scm"].root_dir)
+            repo_path = os.path.join(url, rel)
+            _config.update(_get_remote_config(repo_path))
+        return Repo(path, config=_config, **_kwargs)
+
     root_dir = path if for_write else os.path.realpath(path)
-    conf = dict(
+    repo_kwargs = dict(
         root_dir=root_dir,
         url=url,
         scm=None if for_write else Git(root_dir),
         rev=None if for_write else rev,
-        for_write=for_write,
+        config=config,
+        repo_factory=make_repo,
         **kwargs,
     )
-    try:
-        repo = ExternalRepo(**conf)
-    except NotDvcRepoError:
-        repo = ExternalGitRepo(**conf)
+
+    if "subrepos" not in repo_kwargs:
+        repo_kwargs["subrepos"] = True
+
+    if "uninitialized" not in repo_kwargs:
+        repo_kwargs["uninitialized"] = True
+
+    repo = Repo(**repo_kwargs)
 
     try:
         yield repo
@@ -76,8 +90,17 @@ def external_repo(url, rev=None, for_write=False, **kwargs):
             _remove(path)
 
 
-CLONES = {}
-CACHE_DIRS = {}
+CLONES: Dict[str, str] = {}
+CACHE_DIRS: Dict[str, str] = {}
+
+
+@wrap_with(threading.Lock())
+def _get_cache_dir(url):
+    try:
+        cache_dir = CACHE_DIRS[url]
+    except KeyError:
+        cache_dir = CACHE_DIRS[url] = tempfile.mkdtemp("dvc-cache")
+    return cache_dir
 
 
 def clean_repos():
@@ -90,256 +113,28 @@ def clean_repos():
         _remove(path)
 
 
-class BaseExternalRepo:
-    # pylint: disable=no-member
+def _get_remote_config(url):
+    try:
+        repo = Repo(url)
+    except NotDvcRepoError:
+        return {}
 
-    def __str__(self):
-        return self.url
+    try:
+        name = repo.config["core"].get("remote")
+        if not name:
+            # Fill the empty upstream entry with a new remote pointing to the
+            # original repo's cache location.
+            name = "auto-generated-upstream"
+            return {
+                "core": {"remote": name},
+                "remote": {name: {"url": repo.odb.local.cache_dir}},
+            }
 
-    @cached_property
-    def repo_tree(self):
-        return self._get_tree_for(
-            self, subrepos=not self.for_write, repo_factory=self.make_repo
-        )
-
-    def get_rev(self):
-        assert self.scm
-        if isinstance(self.tree, LocalTree):
-            return self.scm.get_rev()
-        return self.tree.rev
-
-    def _fetch_to_cache(self, path_info, repo, callback):
-        # don't support subrepo traversal as it might fail due to difference
-        # in remotes
-        tree = self._get_tree_for(repo)
-        cache = repo.cache.local
-
-        hash_info = tree.get_hash(path_info, download_callback=callback)
-        cache.save(
-            path_info,
-            tree,
-            hash_info,
-            save_link=False,
-            download_callback=callback,
-        )
-        return hash_info
-
-    def fetch_external(self, paths: Iterable, **kwargs):
-        """Fetch specified external repo paths into cache.
-
-        Returns 3-tuple in the form
-            (downloaded, failed, list(cache_infos))
-        where cache_infos can be used as checkout targets for the
-        fetched paths.
-        """
-        download_results = []
-        failed = 0
-        root = PathInfo(self.root_dir)
-
-        paths = [root / path for path in paths]
-
-        def download_update(result):
-            download_results.append(result)
-
-        hash_infos = []
-        for path in paths:
-            with reraise(FileNotFoundError, PathMissingError(path, self.url)):
-                metadata = self.repo_tree.metadata(path)
-
-            self._check_repo(path, metadata.repo)
-            repo = metadata.repo
-            hash_info = self._fetch_to_cache(path, repo, download_update)
-            hash_infos.append(hash_info)
-
-        return sum(download_results), failed, hash_infos
-
-    def _check_repo(self, path_info, repo):
-        if not repo:
-            return
-
-        repo_path = PathInfo(repo.root_dir)
-        if path_info == repo_path and isinstance(repo, Repo):
-            message = "Cannot fetch a complete DVC repository"
-            if repo.root_dir != self.root_dir:
-                rel = relpath(repo.root_dir, self.root_dir)
-                message += f" '{rel}'"
-            raise IsADVCRepoError(message)
-
-    def get_external(self, path, dest):
-        """Convenience wrapper for fetch_external and checkout."""
-        path_info = PathInfo(self.root_dir) / path
-        with reraise(FileNotFoundError, PathMissingError(path, self.url)):
-            metadata = self.repo_tree.metadata(path_info)
-
-        self._check_repo(path_info, metadata.repo)
-        if metadata.output_exists:
-            repo = metadata.repo
-            cache = repo.cache.local
-            # fetch DVC and git files to tmpdir cache, then checkout
-            save_info = self._fetch_to_cache(path_info, repo, None)
-            cache.checkout(PathInfo(dest), save_info)
-        else:
-            # git-only folder, just copy files directly to dest
-            tree = self._get_tree_for(metadata.repo)  # ignore subrepos
-            tree.copytree(path_info, dest)
-
-    def _get_tree_for(self, repo, **kwargs):
-        """
-        Provides a combined tree of a single repo with dvc + git/local tree.
-        """
-        kw = {**self.tree_confs, **kwargs}
-        if "fetch" not in kw:
-            kw["fetch"] = True
-        return RepoTree(repo, **kw)
-
-    def get_checksum(self, path):
-        path_info = PathInfo(self.root_dir) / path
-        with reraise(FileNotFoundError, PathMissingError(path, self.url)):
-            metadata = self.repo_tree.metadata(path_info)
-
-        # skip subrepos to check for
-        tree = self._get_tree_for(metadata.repo)
-        return tree.get_hash(path_info)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _fix_local_remote(orig_repo, src_repo, remote_name):
-        # If a remote URL is relative to the source repo,
-        # it will have changed upon config load and made
-        # relative to this new repo. Restore the old one here.
-        new_remote = orig_repo.config["remote"][remote_name]
-        old_remote = src_repo.config["remote"][remote_name]
-        if new_remote["url"] != old_remote["url"]:
-            new_remote["url"] = old_remote["url"]
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _add_upstream(orig_repo, src_repo):
-        # Fill the empty upstream entry with a new remote pointing to the
-        # original repo's cache location.
-        cache_dir = src_repo.cache.local.cache_dir
-        orig_repo.config["remote"]["auto-generated-upstream"] = {
-            "url": cache_dir
-        }
-        orig_repo.config["core"]["remote"] = "auto-generated-upstream"
-
-    def make_repo(self, path):
-        repo = Repo(path, scm=self.scm, rev=self.get_rev())
-
-        self._setup_cache(repo)
-        self._fix_upstream(repo)
-
-        return repo
-
-    def _setup_cache(self, repo):
-        repo.cache.local.cache_dir = self.cache_dir
-        if self.cache_types:
-            repo.cache.local.cache_types = self.cache_types
-
-    def _fix_upstream(self, repo):
-        if not os.path.isdir(self.url):
-            return
-
-        try:
-            rel_path = os.path.relpath(repo.root_dir, self.root_dir)
-            src_repo = Repo(PathInfo(self.url) / rel_path)
-        except NotDvcRepoError:
-            return
-
-        try:
-            remote_name = repo.config["core"].get("remote")
-            if remote_name:
-                self._fix_local_remote(repo, src_repo, remote_name)
-            else:
-                self._add_upstream(repo, src_repo)
-        finally:
-            src_repo.close()
-
-    @wrap_with(threading.Lock())
-    def _get_cache_dir(self):
-        try:
-            cache_dir = CACHE_DIRS[self.url]
-        except KeyError:
-            cache_dir = CACHE_DIRS[self.url] = tempfile.mkdtemp("dvc-cache")
-        return cache_dir
-
-
-class ExternalRepo(BaseExternalRepo, Repo):
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        root_dir,
-        url,
-        scm=None,
-        rev=None,
-        for_write=False,
-        cache_dir=None,
-        cache_types=None,
-        **kwargs,
-    ):
-        super().__init__(root_dir, scm=scm, rev=rev)
-
-        self.url = url
-        self.for_write = for_write
-        self.cache_dir = cache_dir or self._get_cache_dir()
-        self.cache_types = cache_types
-
-        self._setup_cache(self)
-        self._fix_upstream(self)
-        self.tree_confs = kwargs
-
-
-class ExternalGitRepo(BaseExternalRepo):
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        root_dir,
-        url,
-        scm=None,
-        rev=None,
-        for_write=False,
-        cache_dir=None,
-        cache_types=None,
-        **kwargs,
-    ):
-        self.root_dir = os.path.realpath(root_dir)
-        self.scm = scm
-
-        self.url = url
-        self.for_write = for_write
-        self.cache_dir = cache_dir or self._get_cache_dir()
-        self.cache_types = cache_types
-
-        self.rev = rev
-        self.tree_confs = kwargs
-
-        self.config = {"cache": {"dir": self.cache_dir}}
-        self.cache = Cache(self)
-        if cache_types:
-            self.cache.local.cache_types = cache_types
-
-        self.state = StateNoop()
-
-    @cached_property
-    def tree(self):
-        if self.scm:
-            return self.scm.get_tree(self.rev)
-        return LocalTree(self, {"url": self.root_dir})
-
-    def close(self):
-        if self.scm:
-            self.scm.close()
-
-    def find_out_by_relpath(self, path):
-        raise OutputNotFoundError(path, self)
-
-    @contextmanager
-    def open_by_relpath(self, path, mode="r", encoding=None, **kwargs):
-        """Opens a specified resource as a file object."""
-        path_info = PathInfo(self.root_dir) / path
-        try:
-            with self.repo_tree.open(
-                path_info, mode=mode, encoding=encoding, **kwargs
-            ) as fobj:
-                yield fobj
-        except FileNotFoundError as exc:
-            raise PathMissingError(path, self.url) from exc
+        # Use original remote to make sure that we are using correct url,
+        # credential paths, etc if they are relative to the config location.
+        return {"remote": {name: repo.config["remote"][name]}}
+    finally:
+        repo.close()
 
 
 def _cached_clone(url, rev, for_write=False):
@@ -349,6 +144,8 @@ def _cached_clone(url, rev, for_write=False):
     revision checked out. If for_write is set prevents reusing this dir via
     cache.
     """
+    from distutils.dir_util import copy_tree
+
     # even if we have already cloned this repo, we may need to
     # fetch/fast-forward to get specified rev
     clone_path, shallow = _clone_default_branch(url, rev, for_write=for_write)
@@ -375,6 +172,8 @@ def _clone_default_branch(url, rev, for_write=False):
 
     The cloned is reactualized with git pull unless rev is a known sha.
     """
+    from dvc.scm.git import Git
+
     clone_path, shallow = CLONES.get(url, (None, False))
 
     git = None
@@ -402,6 +201,8 @@ def _clone_default_branch(url, rev, for_write=False):
             clone_path = tempfile.mkdtemp("dvc-clone")
             if not for_write and rev and not Git.is_sha(rev):
                 # If rev is a tag or branch name try shallow clone first
+                from dvc.scm.base import CloneError
+
                 try:
                     git = Git.clone(url, clone_path, shallow_branch=rev)
                     shallow = True
@@ -422,19 +223,21 @@ def _clone_default_branch(url, rev, for_write=False):
 
 
 def _unshallow(git):
-    if git.repo.head.is_detached:
+    if git.gitpython.repo.head.is_detached:
         # If this is a detached head (i.e. we shallow cloned a tag) switch to
         # the default branch
-        origin_refs = git.repo.remotes["origin"].refs
+        origin_refs = git.gitpython.repo.remotes["origin"].refs
         ref = origin_refs["HEAD"].reference
         branch_name = ref.name.split("/")[-1]
-        branch = git.repo.create_head(branch_name, ref)
+        branch = git.gitpython.repo.create_head(branch_name, ref)
         branch.set_tracking_branch(ref)
         branch.checkout()
     git.pull(unshallow=True)
 
 
 def _git_checkout(repo_path, rev):
+    from dvc.scm.git import Git
+
     logger.debug("erepo: git checkout %s@%s", repo_path, rev)
     git = Git(repo_path)
     try:
@@ -444,6 +247,8 @@ def _git_checkout(repo_path, rev):
 
 
 def _remove(path):
+    from dvc.utils.fs import remove
+
     if os.name == "nt":
         # git.exe may hang for a while not permitting to remove temp dir
         os_retry = retry(5, errors=OSError, timeout=0.1)

dvc/fs/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+import posixpath
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
+
+from ..scheme import Schemes
+from .azure import AzureFileSystem
+from .gdrive import GDriveFileSystem
+from .gs import GSFileSystem
+from .hdfs import HDFSFileSystem
+from .http import HTTPFileSystem
+from .https import HTTPSFileSystem
+from .local import LocalFileSystem
+from .oss import OSSFileSystem
+from .s3 import S3FileSystem
+from .ssh import SSHFileSystem
+from .webdav import WebDAVFileSystem
+from .webdavs import WebDAVSFileSystem
+from .webhdfs import WebHDFSFileSystem
+
+FS_MAP = {
+    Schemes.AZURE: AzureFileSystem,
+    Schemes.GDRIVE: GDriveFileSystem,
+    Schemes.GS: GSFileSystem,
+    Schemes.HDFS: HDFSFileSystem,
+    Schemes.WEBHDFS: WebHDFSFileSystem,
+    Schemes.HTTP: HTTPFileSystem,
+    Schemes.HTTPS: HTTPSFileSystem,
+    Schemes.S3: S3FileSystem,
+    Schemes.SSH: SSHFileSystem,
+    Schemes.OSS: OSSFileSystem,
+    Schemes.WEBDAV: WebDAVFileSystem,
+    Schemes.WEBDAVS: WebDAVSFileSystem,
+    # NOTE: LocalFileSystem is the default
+}
+
+
+def get_fs_cls(remote_conf):
+    scheme = urlparse(remote_conf["url"]).scheme
+    return FS_MAP.get(scheme, LocalFileSystem)
+
+
+def get_fs_config(config, **kwargs):
+    name = kwargs.get("name")
+    if name:
+        remote_conf = config["remote"][name.lower()]
+    else:
+        remote_conf = kwargs
+    return _resolve_remote_refs(config, remote_conf)
+
+
+def _resolve_remote_refs(config, remote_conf):
+    # Support for cross referenced remotes.
+    # This will merge the settings, shadowing base ref with remote_conf.
+    # For example, having:
+    #
+    #       dvc remote add server ssh://localhost
+    #       dvc remote modify server user root
+    #       dvc remote modify server ask_password true
+    #
+    #       dvc remote add images remote://server/tmp/pictures
+    #       dvc remote modify images user alice
+    #       dvc remote modify images ask_password false
+    #       dvc remote modify images password asdf1234
+    #
+    # Results on a config dictionary like:
+    #
+    #       {
+    #           "url": "ssh://localhost/tmp/pictures",
+    #           "user": "alice",
+    #           "password": "asdf1234",
+    #           "ask_password": False,
+    #       }
+    parsed = urlparse(remote_conf["url"])
+    if parsed.scheme != "remote":
+        return remote_conf
+
+    base = get_fs_config(config, name=parsed.netloc)
+    url = posixpath.join(base["url"], parsed.path.lstrip("/"))
+    return {**base, **remote_conf, "url": url}
+
+
+def get_cloud_fs(repo, **kwargs):
+    from dvc.config import ConfigError
+    from dvc.config_schema import SCHEMA, Invalid
+
+    remote_conf = get_fs_config(repo.config, **kwargs)
+    try:
+        remote_conf = SCHEMA["remote"][str](remote_conf)
+    except Invalid as exc:
+        raise ConfigError(str(exc)) from None
+    return get_fs_cls(remote_conf)(repo, remote_conf)

dvc/fs/azure.py

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import threading
+
+from funcy import cached_property, wrap_prop
+
+from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+from dvc.path_info import CloudURLInfo
+from dvc.scheme import Schemes
+from dvc.utils import format_link
+
+from .fsspec_wrapper import FSSpecWrapper
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+_DEFAULT_CREDS_STEPS = (
+    "https://azuresdkdocs.blob.core.windows.net/$web/python/"
+    "azure-identity/1.4.0/azure.identity.html#azure.identity"
+    ".DefaultAzureCredential"
+)
+
+
+class AzureAuthError(DvcException):
+    pass
+
+
+class AzureFileSystem(FSSpecWrapper):
+    scheme = Schemes.AZURE
+    PATH_CLS = CloudURLInfo
+    PARAM_CHECKSUM = "etag"
+    DETAIL_FIELDS = frozenset(("etag", "size"))
+    REQUIRES = {
+        "adlfs": "adlfs",
+        "knack": "knack",
+        "azure-identity": "azure.identity",
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, repo, config):
+        super().__init__(repo, config)
+
+        url = config.get("url")
+        self.path_info = self.PATH_CLS(url)
+        self.bucket = self.path_info.bucket
+
+        if not self.bucket:
+            container = self._az_config.get("storage", "container_name", None)
+            url = f"azure://{container}"
+
+        self.path_info = self.PATH_CLS(url)
+        self.bucket = self.path_info.bucket
+
+        self.login_method, self.login_info = self._prepare_credentials(config)
+
+    def _prepare_credentials(self, config):
+        from azure.identity.aio import DefaultAzureCredential
+
+        login_info = {}
+        login_info["connection_string"] = config.get(
+            "connection_string",
+            self._az_config.get("storage", "connection_string", None),
+        )
+        login_info["account_name"] = config.get(
+            "account_name", self._az_config.get("storage", "account", None)
+        )
+        login_info["account_key"] = config.get(
+            "account_key", self._az_config.get("storage", "key", None)
+        )
+        login_info["sas_token"] = config.get(
+            "sas_token", self._az_config.get("storage", "sas_token", None)
+        )
+        login_info["tenant_id"] = config.get("tenant_id")
+        login_info["client_id"] = config.get("client_id")
+        login_info["client_secret"] = config.get("client_secret")
+
+        if not any(login_info.values()):
+            login_info["credentials"] = DefaultAzureCredential()
+
+        for login_method, required_keys in [  # noqa
+            ("connection string", ["connection_string"]),
+            (
+                "AD service principal",
+                ["tenant_id", "client_id", "client_secret"],
+            ),
+            ("account key", ["account_name", "account_key"]),
+            ("SAS token", ["account_name", "sas_token"]),
+            ("anonymous login", ["account_name"]),
+            (f"default credentials ({_DEFAULT_CREDS_STEPS})", ["credentials"]),
+        ]:
+            if all(login_info.get(key) is not None for key in required_keys):
+                break
+        else:
+            login_method = None
+
+        return login_method, login_info
+
+    @cached_property
+    def _az_config(self):
+        # NOTE: ideally we would've used get_default_cli().config from
+        # azure.cli.core, but azure-cli-core has a lot of conflicts with other
+        # dependencies. So instead we are just use knack directly
+        from knack.config import CLIConfig
+
+        config_dir = os.getenv(
+            "AZURE_CONFIG_DIR", os.path.expanduser(os.path.join("~", ".azure"))
+        )
+        return CLIConfig(config_dir=config_dir, config_env_var_prefix="AZURE")
+
+    @wrap_prop(threading.Lock())
+    @cached_property
+    def fs(self):
+        from adlfs import AzureBlobFileSystem
+        from azure.core.exceptions import AzureError
+
+        try:
+            file_system = AzureBlobFileSystem(**self.login_info)
+            if self.bucket not in [
+                container.rstrip("/") for container in file_system.ls("/")
+            ]:
+                file_system.mkdir(self.bucket)
+        except (ValueError, AzureError) as e:
+            raise AzureAuthError(
+                f"Authentication to Azure Blob Storage via {self.login_method}"
+                " failed.\nLearn more about configuration settings at"
+                f" {format_link('https://man.dvc.org/remote/modify')}"
+            ) from e
+
+        return file_system

dvc/fs/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+import logging
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed
+from functools import partial
+from multiprocessing import cpu_count
+from typing import Any, ClassVar, Dict, FrozenSet, Optional
+
+from funcy import cached_property
+
+from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
+from dvc.path_info import URLInfo
+from dvc.progress import Tqdm
+from dvc.utils import tmp_fname
+from dvc.utils.fs import makedirs, move
+from dvc.utils.http import open_url
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class RemoteCmdError(DvcException):
+    def __init__(self, remote, cmd, ret, err):
+        super().__init__(
+            "{remote} command '{cmd}' finished with non-zero return code"
+            " {ret}': {err}".format(remote=remote, cmd=cmd, ret=ret, err=err)
+        )
+
+
+class RemoteActionNotImplemented(DvcException):
+    def __init__(self, action, scheme):
+        m = f"{action} is not supported for {scheme} remotes"
+        super().__init__(m)
+
+
+class RemoteMissingDepsError(DvcException):
+    pass
+
+
+class BaseFileSystem:
+    scheme = "base"
+    REQUIRES: ClassVar[Dict[str, str]] = {}
+    PATH_CLS = URLInfo  # type: Any
+    JOBS = 4 * cpu_count()
+
+    CHECKSUM_DIR_SUFFIX = ".dir"
+    HASH_JOBS = max(1, min(4, cpu_count() // 2))
+    LIST_OBJECT_PAGE_SIZE = 1000
+    TRAVERSE_WEIGHT_MULTIPLIER = 5
+    TRAVERSE_PREFIX_LEN = 3
+    TRAVERSE_THRESHOLD_SIZE = 500000
+    CAN_TRAVERSE = True
+
+    # Needed for some providers, and http open()
+    CHUNK_SIZE = 64 * 1024 * 1024  # 64 MiB
+
+    PARAM_CHECKSUM: ClassVar[Optional[str]] = None
+    DETAIL_FIELDS: FrozenSet[str] = frozenset()
+
+    def __init__(self, repo, config):
+        self.repo = repo
+        self.config = config
+
+        self._check_requires()
+
+        self.path_info = None
+
+    @cached_property
+    def jobs(self):
+        return (
+            self.config.get("jobs")
+            or (self.repo and self.repo.config["core"].get("jobs"))
+            or self.JOBS
+        )
+
+    @cached_property
+    def hash_jobs(self):
+        return (
+            self.config.get("checksum_jobs")
+            or (self.repo and self.repo.config["core"].get("checksum_jobs"))
+            or self.HASH_JOBS
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_missing_deps(cls):
+        import importlib
+
+        missing = []
+        for package, module in cls.REQUIRES.items():
+            try:
+                importlib.import_module(module)
+            except ImportError:
+                missing.append(package)
+
+        return missing
+
+    def _check_requires(self):
+        from ..scheme import Schemes
+        from ..utils import format_link
+        from ..utils.pkg import PKG
+
+        missing = self.get_missing_deps()
+        if not missing:
+            return
+
+        url = self.config.get("url", f"{self.scheme}://")
+
+        scheme = self.scheme
+        if scheme == Schemes.WEBDAVS:
+            scheme = Schemes.WEBDAV
+
+        by_pkg = {
+            "pip": f"pip install 'dvc[{scheme}]'",
+            "conda": f"conda install -c conda-forge dvc-{scheme}",
+        }
+
+        cmd = by_pkg.get(PKG)
+        if cmd:
+            link = format_link("https://dvc.org/doc/install")
+            hint = (
+                f"To install dvc with those dependencies, run:\n"
+                "\n"
+                f"\t{cmd}\n"
+                "\n"
+                f"See {link} for more info."
+            )
+        else:
+            link = format_link("https://github.com/iterative/dvc/issues")
+            hint = f"Please report this bug to {link}. Thank you!"
+
+        raise RemoteMissingDepsError(
+            f"URL '{url}' is supported but requires these missing "
+            f"dependencies: {missing}. {hint}"
+        )
+
+    def open(self, path_info, mode: str = "r", encoding: str = None, **kwargs):
+        if hasattr(self, "_generate_download_url"):
+            # pylint:disable=no-member
+            func = self._generate_download_url  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            get_url = partial(func, path_info)
+            return open_url(get_url, mode=mode, encoding=encoding, **kwargs)
+
+        raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("open", self.scheme)
+
+    def exists(self, path_info, use_dvcignore=True) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    # pylint: disable=unused-argument
+
+    def isdir(self, path_info):
+        """Optional: Overwrite only if the remote has a way to distinguish
+        between a directory and a file.
+        """
+        return False
+
+    def isfile(self, path_info):
+        """Optional: Overwrite only if the remote has a way to distinguish
+        between a directory and a file.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    def isexec(self, path_info):
+        """Optional: Overwrite only if the remote has a way to distinguish
+        between executable and non-executable file.
+        """
+        return False
+
+    def iscopy(self, path_info):
+        """Check if this file is an independent copy."""
+        return False  # We can't be sure by default
+
+    def walk_files(self, path_info, **kwargs):
+        """Return a generator with `PathInfo`s to all the files.
+
+        Optional kwargs:
+            prefix (bool): If true `path_info` will be treated as a prefix
+                rather than directory path.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def ls(self, path_info, detail=False, **kwargs):
+        raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("ls", self.scheme)
+
+    def is_empty(self, path_info):
+        return False
+
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def getsize(self, path_info):
+        return self.info(path_info).get("size")
+
+    def remove(self, path_info):
+        raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("remove", self.scheme)
+
+    def makedirs(self, path_info):
+        """Optional: Implement only if the remote needs to create
+        directories before copying/linking/moving data
+        """
+
+    def move(self, from_info, to_info):
+        self.copy(from_info, to_info)
+        self.remove(from_info)
+
+    def copy(self, from_info, to_info):
+        raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("copy", self.scheme)
+
+    def symlink(self, from_info, to_info):
+        raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("symlink", self.scheme)
+
+    def hardlink(self, from_info, to_info):
+        raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("hardlink", self.scheme)
+
+    def reflink(self, from_info, to_info):
+        raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("reflink", self.scheme)
+
+    # pylint: enable=unused-argument
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_dir_hash(cls, hash_):
+        if not hash_:
+            return False
+        return hash_.endswith(cls.CHECKSUM_DIR_SUFFIX)
+
+    def upload(
+        self, from_info, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False,
+    ):
+        if not hasattr(self, "_upload"):
+            raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("upload", self.scheme)
+
+        if to_info.scheme != self.scheme:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        if from_info.scheme != "local":
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        logger.debug("Uploading '%s' to '%s'", from_info, to_info)
+
+        name = name or from_info.name
+
+        self._upload(  # noqa, pylint: disable=no-member
+            from_info.fspath,
+            to_info,
+            name=name,
+            no_progress_bar=no_progress_bar,
+        )
+
+    def upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info, no_progress_bar=False, **pbar_args):
+        if not hasattr(self, "_upload_fobj"):
+            raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("upload_fobj", self.scheme)
+
+        with Tqdm.wrapattr(
+            fobj, "read", disable=no_progress_bar, bytes=True, **pbar_args
+        ) as wrapped:
+            self._upload_fobj(wrapped, to_info)  # pylint: disable=no-member
+
+    def download(
+        self,
+        from_info,
+        to_info,
+        name=None,
+        no_progress_bar=False,
+        jobs=None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        if not hasattr(self, "_download"):
+            raise RemoteActionNotImplemented("download", self.scheme)
+
+        if from_info.scheme != self.scheme:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        if to_info.scheme == self.scheme != "local":
+            self.copy(from_info, to_info)
+            return 0
+
+        if to_info.scheme != "local":
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        if self.isdir(from_info):
+            return self._download_dir(
+                from_info, to_info, name, no_progress_bar, jobs, **kwargs,
+            )
+        return self._download_file(from_info, to_info, name, no_progress_bar,)
+
+    def _download_dir(
+        self, from_info, to_info, name, no_progress_bar, jobs, **kwargs,
+    ):
+        from_infos = list(self.walk_files(from_info, **kwargs))
+        to_infos = (
+            to_info / info.relative_to(from_info) for info in from_infos
+        )
+
+        with Tqdm(
+            total=len(from_infos),
+            desc="Downloading directory",
+            unit="Files",
+            disable=no_progress_bar,
+        ) as pbar:
+            download_files = pbar.wrap_fn(
+                partial(self._download_file, name=name, no_progress_bar=True,)
+            )
+            max_workers = jobs or self.jobs
+            with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers) as executor:
+                futures = [
+                    executor.submit(download_files, from_info, to_info)
+                    for from_info, to_info in zip(from_infos, to_infos)
+                ]
+
+                # NOTE: unlike pulling/fetching cache, where we need to
+                # download everything we can, not raising an error here might
+                # turn very ugly, as the user might think that he has
+                # downloaded a complete directory, while having a partial one,
+                # which might cause unexpected results in his pipeline.
+                for future in as_completed(futures):
+                    # NOTE: executor won't let us raise until all futures that
+                    # it has are finished, so we need to cancel them ourselves
+                    # before re-raising.
+                    exc = future.exception()
+                    if exc:
+                        for entry in futures:
+                            entry.cancel()
+                        raise exc
+
+    def _download_file(
+        self, from_info, to_info, name, no_progress_bar,
+    ):
+        makedirs(to_info.parent, exist_ok=True)
+
+        logger.debug("Downloading '%s' to '%s'", from_info, to_info)
+        name = name or to_info.name
+
+        tmp_file = tmp_fname(to_info)
+
+        self._download(  # noqa, pylint: disable=no-member
+            from_info, tmp_file, name=name, no_progress_bar=no_progress_bar
+        )
+
+        move(tmp_file, to_info)

dvc/fs/dvc.py

@@ -1,37 +1,33 @@
 import logging
 import os
+import typing
 
 from dvc.exceptions import OutputNotFoundError
-from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
 from dvc.path_info import PathInfo
+from dvc.utils import relpath
 
 from ._metadata import Metadata
-from .base import BaseTree, RemoteActionNotImplemented
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from dvc.output.base import BaseOutput
+
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-class DvcTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
-    """DVC repo tree.
+class DvcFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
+    """DVC repo fs.
 
     Args:
         repo: DVC repo.
-        fetch: if True, uncached DVC outs will be fetched on `open()`.
-        stream: if True, uncached DVC outs will be streamed directly from
-            remote on `open()`.
-
-    `stream` takes precedence over `fetch`. If `stream` is enabled and
-    a remote does not support streaming, uncached DVC outs will be fetched
-    as a fallback.
     """
 
     scheme = "local"
     PARAM_CHECKSUM = "md5"
 
-    def __init__(self, repo, fetch=False, stream=False):
+    def __init__(self, repo):
         super().__init__(repo, {"url": repo.root_dir})
-        self.fetch = fetch
-        self.stream = stream
 
     def _find_outs(self, path, *args, **kwargs):
         outs = self.repo.find_outs_by_path(path, *args, **kwargs)
@@ -45,21 +41,20 @@ class DvcTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
 
         return outs
 
-    def _get_granular_checksum(self, path, out, remote=None):
-        assert isinstance(path, PathInfo)
-        if not self.fetch and not self.stream:
-            raise FileNotFoundError
-        dir_cache = out.get_dir_cache(remote=remote)
-        for entry in dir_cache:
-            entry_relpath = entry[out.tree.PARAM_RELPATH]
-            if os.name == "nt":
-                entry_relpath = entry_relpath.replace("/", os.sep)
-            if path == out.path_info / entry_relpath:
-                return entry[out.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM]
+    def _get_granular_hash(
+        self, path_info: PathInfo, out: "BaseOutput", remote=None
+    ):
+        assert isinstance(path_info, PathInfo)
+        # NOTE: use string paths here for performance reasons
+        key = tuple(relpath(path_info, out.path_info).split(os.sep))
+        out.get_dir_cache(remote=remote)
+        file_hash = out.hash_info.dir_info.get(key)
+        if file_hash:
+            return file_hash
         raise FileNotFoundError
 
-    def open(
-        self, path, mode="r", encoding="utf-8", remote=None
+    def open(  # type: ignore
+        self, path: PathInfo, mode="r", encoding=None, remote=None, **kwargs
     ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
         try:
             outs = self._find_outs(path, strict=False)
@@ -73,28 +68,24 @@ class DvcTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
 
         out = outs[0]
         if out.changed_cache(filter_info=path):
-            if not self.fetch and not self.stream:
-                raise FileNotFoundError
+            from dvc.config import NoRemoteError
 
-            remote_obj = self.repo.cloud.get_remote(remote)
-            if self.stream:
-                if out.is_dir_checksum:
-                    checksum = self._get_granular_checksum(path, out)
-                else:
-                    checksum = out.hash_info.value
-                try:
-                    remote_info = remote_obj.tree.hash_to_path_info(checksum)
-                    return remote_obj.tree.open(
-                        remote_info, mode=mode, encoding=encoding
-                    )
-                except RemoteActionNotImplemented:
-                    pass
-            cache_info = out.get_used_cache(filter_info=path, remote=remote)
-            self.repo.cloud.pull(cache_info, remote=remote)
+            try:
+                remote_obj = self.repo.cloud.get_remote(remote)
+            except NoRemoteError:
+                raise FileNotFoundError
+            if out.is_dir_checksum:
+                checksum = self._get_granular_hash(path, out).value
+            else:
+                checksum = out.hash_info.value
+            remote_info = remote_obj.odb.hash_to_path_info(checksum)
+            return remote_obj.fs.open(
+                remote_info, mode=mode, encoding=encoding
+            )
 
         if out.is_dir_checksum:
-            checksum = self._get_granular_checksum(path, out)
-            cache_path = out.cache.tree.hash_to_path_info(checksum).url
+            checksum = self._get_granular_hash(path, out).value
+            cache_path = out.odb.hash_to_path_info(checksum).url
         else:
             cache_path = out.cache_path
         return open(cache_path, mode=mode, encoding=encoding)
@@ -124,7 +115,7 @@ class DvcTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
             return True
 
         try:
-            self._get_granular_checksum(path_info, out)
+            self._get_granular_hash(path_info, out)
             return False
         except FileNotFoundError:
             return True
@@ -136,31 +127,26 @@ class DvcTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         except FileNotFoundError:
             return False
 
-    def _fetch_dir(
-        self, out, filter_info=None, download_callback=None, **kwargs
-    ):
+    def _fetch_dir(self, out, **kwargs):
         # pull dir cache if needed
         out.get_dir_cache(**kwargs)
 
-        # pull dir contents if needed
-        if self.fetch and out.changed_cache(filter_info=filter_info):
-            used_cache = out.get_used_cache(filter_info=filter_info)
-            downloaded = self.repo.cloud.pull(used_cache, **kwargs)
-            if download_callback:
-                download_callback(downloaded)
+        dir_cache = out.dir_cache
+        if not dir_cache:
+            raise FileNotFoundError
 
-    def _add_dir(self, top, trie, out, **kwargs):
-        if not self.fetch and not self.stream:
-            return
+        from dvc.objects import Tree
 
-        self._fetch_dir(out, filter_info=top, **kwargs)
+        hash_info = Tree.save_dir_info(out.odb, dir_cache)
+        if hash_info != out.hash_info:
+            raise FileNotFoundError
 
-        for entry in out.dir_cache:
-            entry_relpath = entry[out.tree.PARAM_RELPATH]
-            if os.name == "nt":
-                entry_relpath = entry_relpath.replace("/", os.sep)
-            path_info = out.path_info / entry_relpath
-            trie[path_info.parts] = None
+    def _add_dir(self, trie, out, **kwargs):
+        self._fetch_dir(out, **kwargs)
+
+        base = out.path_info.parts
+        for key, _ in out.dir_cache.items():  # noqa: B301
+            trie[base + key] = None
 
     def _walk(self, root, trie, topdown=True, **kwargs):
         dirs = set()
@@ -168,7 +154,7 @@ class DvcTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
 
         out = trie.get(root.parts)
         if out and out.is_dir_checksum:
-            self._add_dir(root, trie, out, **kwargs)
+            self._add_dir(trie, out, **kwargs)
 
         root_len = len(root.parts)
         for key, out in trie.iteritems(prefix=root.parts):  # noqa: B301
@@ -211,7 +197,7 @@ class DvcTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
             trie[out.path_info.parts] = out
 
             if out.is_dir_checksum and root.isin_or_eq(out.path_info):
-                self._add_dir(top, trie, out, **kwargs)
+                self._add_dir(trie, out, **kwargs)
 
         yield from self._walk(root, trie, topdown=topdown, **kwargs)
 
@@ -230,34 +216,9 @@ class DvcTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         recurse = recursive or not strict
         return meta.output_exists if recurse else meta.is_output
 
-    def isexec(self, path):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
+    def isexec(self, path_info):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
         return False
 
-    def get_dir_hash(self, path_info, **kwargs):
-        try:
-            outs = self._find_outs(path_info, strict=True)
-            if len(outs) == 1 and outs[0].is_dir_checksum:
-                out = outs[0]
-                # other code expects us to fetch the dir at this point
-                self._fetch_dir(out, **kwargs)
-                return out.hash_info
-        except OutputNotFoundError:
-            pass
-
-        return super().get_dir_hash(path_info, **kwargs)
-
-    def get_file_hash(self, path_info):
-        outs = self._find_outs(path_info, strict=False)
-        if len(outs) != 1:
-            raise OutputNotFoundError
-        out = outs[0]
-        if out.is_dir_checksum:
-            return HashInfo(
-                out.tree.PARAM_CHECKSUM,
-                self._get_granular_checksum(path_info, out),
-            )
-        return out.hash_info
-
     def metadata(self, path_info):
         path_info = PathInfo(os.path.abspath(path_info))
 
@@ -269,3 +230,20 @@ class DvcTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         meta = Metadata(path_info=path_info, outs=outs, repo=self.repo)
         meta.isdir = meta.isdir or self.check_isdir(meta.path_info, meta.outs)
         return meta
+
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        meta = self.metadata(path_info)
+        ret = {"type": "dir" if meta.isdir else "file"}
+        if meta.is_output and len(meta.outs) == 1 and meta.outs[0].hash_info:
+            hash_info = meta.outs[0].hash_info
+            ret["size"] = hash_info.size
+            ret[hash_info.name] = hash_info.value
+        elif meta.part_of_output:
+            (out,) = meta.outs
+            key = path_info.relative_to(out.path_info).parts
+            hash_info = out.hash_info.dir_info.trie.get(key)
+            if hash_info:
+                ret["size"] = hash_info.size
+                ret[hash_info.name] = hash_info.value
+
+        return ret

dvc/fs/fsspec_wrapper.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import os
+import shutil
+
+from dvc.progress import Tqdm
+
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
+
+
+# pylint: disable=no-member
+class FSSpecWrapper(BaseFileSystem):
+    def fs(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _with_bucket(self, path):
+        if isinstance(path, self.PATH_CLS):
+            return f"{path.bucket}/{path.path}"
+        return path
+
+    def _strip_bucket(self, entry):
+        _, entry = entry.split("/", 1)
+        return entry
+
+    def _strip_buckets(self, entries, detail, prefix=None):
+        for entry in entries:
+            if detail:
+                entry = self._entry_hook(entry.copy())
+                entry["name"] = self._strip_bucket(entry["name"])
+            else:
+                entry = self._strip_bucket(
+                    f"{prefix}/{entry}" if prefix else entry
+                )
+            yield entry
+
+    def _entry_hook(self, entry):
+        """Simple hook method to be overriden when wanted to process
+        entries within info() and ls(detail=True) calls"""
+        return entry
+
+    def isdir(self, path_info):
+        return self.fs.isdir(self._with_bucket(path_info))
+
+    def isfile(self, path_info):
+        return self.fs.isfile(self._with_bucket(path_info))
+
+    def open(
+        self, path_info, mode="r", **kwargs
+    ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        return self.fs.open(self._with_bucket(path_info), mode=mode)
+
+    def copy(self, from_info, to_info):
+        self.fs.copy(self._with_bucket(from_info), self._with_bucket(to_info))
+
+    def exists(self, path_info, use_dvcignore=False):
+        return self.fs.exists(self._with_bucket(path_info))
+
+    def ls(
+        self, path_info, detail=False, recursive=False
+    ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        path = self._with_bucket(path_info)
+        if recursive:
+            for root, _, files in self.fs.walk(path, detail=detail):
+                if detail:
+                    files = files.values()
+                yield from self._strip_buckets(files, detail, prefix=root)
+            return None
+
+        yield from self._strip_buckets(self.ls(path, detail=detail), detail)
+
+    def walk_files(self, path_info, **kwargs):
+        for file in self.ls(path_info, recursive=True):
+            yield path_info.replace(path=file)
+
+    def remove(self, path_info):
+        self.fs.rm(self._with_bucket(path_info))
+
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        info = self.fs.info(self._with_bucket(path_info)).copy()
+        info = self._entry_hook(info)
+        info["name"] = self._strip_bucket(info["name"])
+        return info
+
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
+        with self.open(to_info, "wb") as fdest:
+            shutil.copyfileobj(fobj, fdest, length=fdest.blocksize)
+
+    def _upload(
+        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **kwargs
+    ):
+        total = os.path.getsize(from_file)
+        with open(from_file, "rb") as fobj:
+            self.upload_fobj(
+                fobj,
+                self._with_bucket(to_info),
+                desc=name,
+                total=total,
+                no_progress_bar=no_progress_bar,
+            )
+        self.fs.invalidate_cache(self._with_bucket(to_info.parent))
+
+    def _download(
+        self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **pbar_args
+    ):
+        total = self.getsize(self._with_bucket(from_info))
+        with self.open(from_info, "rb") as fobj:
+            with Tqdm.wrapattr(
+                fobj,
+                "read",
+                desc=name,
+                disable=no_progress_bar,
+                bytes=True,
+                total=total,
+                **pbar_args,
+            ) as wrapped:
+                with open(to_file, "wb") as fdest:
+                    shutil.copyfileobj(wrapped, fdest, length=fobj.blocksize)

dvc/fs/gdrive.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from dvc.scheme import Schemes
 from dvc.utils import format_link, tmp_fname
 from dvc.utils.stream import IterStream
 
-from .base import BaseTree
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 FOLDER_MIME_TYPE = "application/vnd.google-apps.folder"
@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ class GDriveURLInfo(CloudURLInfo):
         self._spath = re.sub("/{2,}", "/", self._spath.rstrip("/"))
 
 
-class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
+class GDriveFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):
     scheme = Schemes.GDRIVE
     PATH_CLS = GDriveURLInfo
+    PARAM_CHECKSUM = "checksum"
     REQUIRES = {"pydrive2": "pydrive2"}
-    DEFAULT_VERIFY = True
     # Always prefer traverse for GDrive since API usage quotas are a concern.
     TRAVERSE_WEIGHT_MULTIPLIER = 1
     TRAVERSE_PREFIX_LEN = 2
@@ -114,23 +114,21 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
             )
 
         self._bucket = self.path_info.bucket
+        self._path = self.path_info.path
         self._trash_only = config.get("gdrive_trash_only")
         self._use_service_account = config.get("gdrive_use_service_account")
-        self._service_account_email = config.get(
-            "gdrive_service_account_email"
-        )
         self._service_account_user_email = config.get(
             "gdrive_service_account_user_email"
         )
-        self._service_account_p12_file_path = config.get(
-            "gdrive_service_account_p12_file_path"
+        self._service_account_json_file_path = config.get(
+            "gdrive_service_account_json_file_path"
         )
         self._client_id = config.get("gdrive_client_id")
         self._client_secret = config.get("gdrive_client_secret")
         self._validate_config()
         self._gdrive_user_credentials_path = (
             tmp_fname(os.path.join(self.repo.tmp_dir, ""))
-            if os.getenv(GDriveTree.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA)
+            if os.getenv(GDriveFileSystem.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA)
             else config.get(
                 "gdrive_user_credentials_file",
                 os.path.join(
@@ -141,14 +139,14 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
 
     def _validate_config(self):
         # Validate Service Account configuration
-        if self._use_service_account and (
-            not self._service_account_email
-            or not self._service_account_p12_file_path
+        if (
+            self._use_service_account
+            and not self._service_account_json_file_path
         ):
             raise DvcException(
-                "To use service account, set `gdrive_service_account_email`,\n"
-                "`gdrive_service_account_p12_file_path`, and optionally "
-                "`gdrive_service_account_user_email`\nin DVC config. "
+                "To use service account, set "
+                "`gdrive_service_account_json_file_path`, and optionally"
+                "`gdrive_service_account_user_email` in DVC config\n"
                 "Learn more at {}".format(
                     format_link("https://man.dvc.org/remote/modify")
                 )
@@ -172,8 +170,8 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
         Useful for tests, exception messages, etc. Returns either env variable
         name if it's set or actual path to the credentials file.
         """
-        if os.getenv(GDriveTree.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA):
-            return GDriveTree.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA
+        if os.getenv(GDriveFileSystem.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA):
+            return GDriveFileSystem.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA
         if os.path.exists(self._gdrive_user_credentials_path):
             return self._gdrive_user_credentials_path
         return None
@@ -187,7 +185,7 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
         DVC config client id or secret but forgets to remove the cached
         credentials file.
         """
-        if not os.getenv(GDriveTree.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA):
+        if not os.getenv(GDriveFileSystem.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA):
             if (
                 settings["client_config"]["client_id"]
                 != auth.credentials.client_id
@@ -210,14 +208,15 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
         from pydrive2.auth import GoogleAuth
         from pydrive2.drive import GoogleDrive
 
-        if os.getenv(GDriveTree.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA):
+        if os.getenv(GDriveFileSystem.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA):
             with open(self._gdrive_user_credentials_path, "w") as cred_file:
-                cred_file.write(os.getenv(GDriveTree.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA))
+                cred_file.write(
+                    os.getenv(GDriveFileSystem.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA)
+                )
 
         auth_settings = {
             "client_config_backend": "settings",
             "save_credentials": True,
-            "save_credentials_backend": "file",
             "save_credentials_file": self._gdrive_user_credentials_path,
             "get_refresh_token": True,
             "oauth_scope": [
@@ -227,12 +226,13 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
         }
 
         if self._use_service_account:
+            auth_settings["save_credentials_backend"] = "json"
             auth_settings["service_config"] = {
-                "client_service_email": self._service_account_email,
                 "client_user_email": self._service_account_user_email,
-                "client_pkcs12_file_path": self._service_account_p12_file_path,
+                "client_json_file_path": self._service_account_json_file_path,
             }
         else:
+            auth_settings["save_credentials_backend"] = "file"
             auth_settings["client_config"] = {
                 "client_id": self._client_id or self.DEFAULT_GDRIVE_CLIENT_ID,
                 "client_secret": self._client_secret
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
                 gauth.ServiceAuth()
             else:
                 gauth.CommandLineAuth()
-                GDriveTree._validate_credentials(gauth, auth_settings)
+                GDriveFileSystem._validate_credentials(gauth, auth_settings)
 
         # Handle AuthenticationError, RefreshError and other auth failures
         # It's hard to come up with a narrow exception, since PyDrive throws
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
         except Exception as exc:
             raise GDriveAuthError(self.credentials_location) from exc
         finally:
-            if os.getenv(GDriveTree.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA):
+            if os.getenv(GDriveFileSystem.GDRIVE_CREDENTIALS_DATA):
                 os.remove(self._gdrive_user_credentials_path)
 
         return GoogleDrive(gauth)
@@ -285,20 +285,21 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
             ),
         }
 
-        self._cache_path_id(self.path_info.path, cache["root_id"], cache)
+        self._cache_path_id(self._path, cache["root_id"], cache=cache)
 
         for item in self._gdrive_list(
             "'{}' in parents and trashed=false".format(cache["root_id"])
         ):
             item_path = (self.path_info / item["title"]).path
-            self._cache_path_id(item_path, item["id"], cache)
+            self._cache_path_id(item_path, item["id"], cache=cache)
 
         return cache
 
-    def _cache_path_id(self, path, item_id, cache=None):
+    def _cache_path_id(self, path, *item_ids, cache=None):
         cache = cache or self._ids_cache
-        cache["dirs"][path].append(item_id)
-        cache["ids"][item_id] = path
+        for item_id in item_ids:
+            cache["dirs"][path].append(item_id)
+            cache["ids"][item_id] = path
 
     @cached_property
     def _list_params(self):
@@ -345,29 +346,12 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
         return item.get("driveId", None)
 
     @_gdrive_retry
-    def _gdrive_upload_file(
-        self,
-        parent_id,
-        title,
-        no_progress_bar=False,
-        from_file="",
-        progress_name="",
-    ):
+    def _gdrive_upload_fobj(self, fobj, parent_id, title):
         item = self._drive.CreateFile(
             {"title": title, "parents": [{"id": parent_id}]}
         )
-
-        with open(from_file, "rb") as fobj:
-            total = os.path.getsize(from_file)
-            with Tqdm.wrapattr(
-                fobj,
-                "read",
-                desc=progress_name,
-                total=total,
-                disable=no_progress_bar,
-            ) as wrapped:
-                item.content = wrapped
-                item.Upload()
+        item.content = fobj
+        item.Upload()
         return item
 
     @_gdrive_retry
@@ -389,7 +373,7 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
 
     @contextmanager
     @_gdrive_retry
-    def open(self, path_info, mode="r", encoding=None):
+    def open(self, path_info, mode="r", encoding=None, **kwargs):
         assert mode in {"r", "rt", "rb"}
 
         item_id = self._get_item_id(path_info)
@@ -494,7 +478,7 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
             return self._ids_cache["dirs"].get(path, [])
         return []
 
-    def _path_to_item_ids(self, path, create, use_cache):
+    def _path_to_item_ids(self, path, create=False, use_cache=True):
         item_ids = self._get_cached_item_ids(path, use_cache)
         if item_ids:
             return item_ids
@@ -527,51 +511,116 @@ class GDriveTree(BaseTree):
         else:
             return True
 
-    def _list_paths(self, prefix=None):
-        if not self._ids_cache["ids"]:
-            return
-
-        if prefix:
-            dir_ids = self._ids_cache["dirs"].get(prefix[:2])
-            if not dir_ids:
-                return
-        else:
-            dir_ids = self._ids_cache["ids"]
-        parents_query = " or ".join(
-            f"'{dir_id}' in parents" for dir_id in dir_ids
+    def _gdrive_list_ids(self, query_ids):
+        query = " or ".join(
+            f"'{query_id}' in parents" for query_id in query_ids
         )
-        query = f"({parents_query}) and trashed=false"
+        query = f"({query}) and trashed=false"
+        return self._gdrive_list(query)
 
-        for item in self._gdrive_list(query):
-            parent_id = item["parents"][0]["id"]
-            yield posixpath.join(
-                self._ids_cache["ids"][parent_id], item["title"]
-            )
+    def _ls_recursive(self, path_info, detail=False):
+        root_path = path_info.path
+        seen_paths = set()
+
+        dir_ids = [self._ids_cache["ids"].copy()]
+        while dir_ids:
+            query_ids = {
+                dir_id: dir_name
+                for dir_id, dir_name in dir_ids.pop().items()
+                if posixpath.commonpath([root_path, dir_name]) == root_path
+                if dir_id not in seen_paths
+            }
+            if not query_ids:
+                continue
+
+            seen_paths |= query_ids.keys()
+
+            new_query_ids = {}
+            dir_ids.append(new_query_ids)
+            for item in self._gdrive_list_ids(query_ids):
+                parent_id = item["parents"][0]["id"]
+                item_path = posixpath.join(query_ids[parent_id], item["title"])
+                if item["mimeType"] == FOLDER_MIME_TYPE:
+                    new_query_ids[item["id"]] = item_path
+                    self._cache_path_id(item_path, item["id"])
+                    continue
+
+                if detail:
+                    yield {
+                        "type": "file",
+                        "name": item_path,
+                        "size": item["fileSize"],
+                        "checksum": item["md5Checksum"],
+                    }
+                else:
+                    yield item_path
+
+    def ls(
+        self, path_info, detail=False, recursive=False
+    ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        if recursive:
+            yield from self._ls_recursive(path_info, detail=detail)
+            return None
+
+        cached = path_info.path in self._ids_cache["dirs"]
+        if cached:
+            dir_ids = self._ids_cache["dirs"][path_info.path]
+        else:
+            dir_ids = self._path_to_item_ids(path_info.path)
+
+        if not dir_ids:
+            return None
+
+        root_path = path_info.path
+        for item in self._gdrive_list_ids(dir_ids):
+            item_path = posixpath.join(root_path, item["title"])
+            if detail:
+                if item["mimeType"] == FOLDER_MIME_TYPE:
+                    yield {"type": "directory", "name": item_path}
+                else:
+                    yield {
+                        "type": "file",
+                        "name": item_path,
+                        "size": item["fileSize"],
+                        "checksum": item["md5Checksum"],
+                    }
+            else:
+                yield item_path
+
+        if not cached:
+            self._cache_path_id(root_path, *dir_ids)
 
     def walk_files(self, path_info, **kwargs):
-        use_prefix = kwargs.pop("prefix", False)
-        if path_info == self.path_info or not use_prefix:
-            prefix = None
-        else:
-            prefix = path_info.path
-        for fname in self._list_paths(prefix=prefix, **kwargs):
-            yield path_info.replace(fname)
+        for filename in self.ls(path_info, recursive=True):
+            yield path_info.replace(path=filename)
 
     def remove(self, path_info):
         item_id = self._get_item_id(path_info)
         self.gdrive_delete_file(item_id)
 
-    def get_file_hash(self, path_info):
-        raise NotImplementedError
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        item_id = self._get_item_id(path_info)
+        gdrive_file = self._drive.CreateFile({"id": item_id})
+        gdrive_file.FetchMetadata(fields="fileSize")
+        return {"size": gdrive_file.get("fileSize")}
 
-    def _upload(self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
         dirname = to_info.parent
         assert dirname
-        parent_id = self._get_item_id(dirname, True)
+        parent_id = self._get_item_id(dirname, create=True)
+        self._gdrive_upload_fobj(fobj, parent_id, to_info.name)
 
-        self._gdrive_upload_file(
-            parent_id, to_info.name, no_progress_bar, from_file, name
-        )
+    def _upload(
+        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
+    ):
+        with open(from_file, "rb") as fobj:
+            self.upload_fobj(
+                fobj,
+                to_info,
+                no_progress_bar=no_progress_bar,
+                desc=name or to_info.name,
+                total=os.path.getsize(from_file),
+            )
 
     def _download(self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
         item_id = self._get_item_id(from_info)

dvc/fs/git.py

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+import errno
+import os
+
+from funcy import cached_property
+
+from dvc.utils import is_exec, relpath
+
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
+
+
+class GitFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
+    """Proxies the repo file access methods to Git objects"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, root_dir, trie, use_dvcignore=False, dvcignore_root=None
+    ):
+        super().__init__(None, {})
+        self._fs_root = root_dir
+        self.trie = trie
+        self.use_dvcignore = use_dvcignore
+        self.dvcignore_root = dvcignore_root
+
+    @property
+    def rev(self):
+        return self.trie.rev
+
+    @property
+    def fs_root(self):
+        return self._fs_root
+
+    def _get_key(self, path):
+        if isinstance(path, str):
+            if not os.path.isabs(path):
+                relparts = path.split(os.sep)
+            else:
+                relparts = relpath(path, self.fs_root).split(os.sep)
+        else:
+            relparts = path.relative_to(self.fs_root).parts
+        if relparts == ["."]:
+            return ()
+        return tuple(relparts)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def dvcignore(self):
+        from dvc.ignore import DvcIgnoreFilter, DvcIgnoreFilterNoop
+
+        root = self.dvcignore_root or self.fs_root
+        cls = DvcIgnoreFilter if self.use_dvcignore else DvcIgnoreFilterNoop
+        return cls(self, root)
+
+    def open(
+        self, path, mode="r", encoding=None
+    ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        # NOTE: this is incorrect, we need to use locale to determine default
+        # encoding.
+        encoding = encoding or "utf-8"
+
+        key = self._get_key(path)
+        try:
+            return self.trie.open(key, mode=mode, encoding=encoding)
+        except KeyError as exc:
+            msg = os.strerror(errno.ENOENT) + f"in branch '{self.rev}'"
+            raise FileNotFoundError(errno.ENOENT, msg, path) from exc
+        except IsADirectoryError as exc:
+            raise IsADirectoryError(
+                errno.EISDIR, os.strerror(errno.EISDIR), path
+            ) from exc
+
+    def exists(
+        self, path, use_dvcignore=True
+    ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        def _is_ignored(path):
+            return self.dvcignore.is_ignored_file(
+                path
+            ) or self.dvcignore.is_ignored_dir(path)
+
+        if use_dvcignore and _is_ignored(path):
+            return False
+
+        key = self._get_key(path)
+        return self.trie.exists(key)
+
+    def isdir(
+        self, path, use_dvcignore=True
+    ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        if use_dvcignore and self.dvcignore.is_ignored_dir(path):
+            return False
+        key = self._get_key(path)
+        return self.trie.isdir(key)
+
+    def isfile(self, path):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        if self.dvcignore.is_ignored_file(path):
+            return False
+        key = self._get_key(path)
+        return self.trie.isfile(key)
+
+    def walk(
+        self,
+        top,
+        topdown=True,
+        onerror=None,
+        use_dvcignore=True,
+        ignore_subrepos=True,
+    ):
+        """Directory tree generator.
+
+        See `os.walk` for the docs. Differences:
+        - no support for symlinks
+        """
+        if not self.isdir(top, use_dvcignore=use_dvcignore):
+            if onerror:
+                if self.exists(top, use_dvcignore=use_dvcignore):
+                    exc = NotADirectoryError(
+                        errno.ENOTDIR, os.strerror(errno.ENOTDIR), top
+                    )
+                else:
+                    exc = FileNotFoundError(
+                        errno.ENOENT, os.strerror(errno.ENOENT), top
+                    )
+                onerror(exc)
+            return []
+
+        key = self._get_key(top)
+        for prefix, dirs, files in self.trie.walk(key, topdown=topdown):
+            if prefix:
+                root = os.path.join(self.fs_root, os.sep.join(prefix))
+            else:
+                root = self.fs_root
+            if use_dvcignore:
+                dirs[:], files[:] = self.dvcignore(
+                    root, dirs, files, ignore_subrepos=ignore_subrepos,
+                )
+            yield root, dirs, files
+
+    def isexec(self, path_info):
+        if not self.exists(path_info):
+            return False
+
+        mode = self.stat(path_info).st_mode
+        return is_exec(mode)
+
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        key = self._get_key(path_info)
+        try:
+            st = self.trie.stat(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(
+                errno.ENOENT, os.strerror(errno.ENOENT), path_info
+            )
+        return {"size": st.st_size}
+
+    def stat(self, path):
+        key = self._get_key(path)
+        try:
+            return self.trie.stat(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(
+                errno.ENOENT, os.strerror(errno.ENOENT), path
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def hash_jobs(self):  # pylint: disable=invalid-overridden-method
+        # NOTE: gitpython is not threadsafe. See
+        # https://github.com/iterative/dvc/issues/4079
+        return 1
+
+    def walk_files(self, top):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        for root, _, files in self.walk(top):
+            for file in files:
+                # NOTE: os.path.join is ~5.5 times slower
+                yield f"{root}{os.sep}{file}"
+
+    def _reset(self):
+        return self.__dict__.pop("dvcignore", None)

dvc/fs/gs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import base64
+import threading
+
+from funcy import cached_property, wrap_prop
+
+from dvc.path_info import CloudURLInfo
+from dvc.scheme import Schemes
+
+from .fsspec_wrapper import FSSpecWrapper
+
+
+class GSFileSystem(FSSpecWrapper):
+    scheme = Schemes.GS
+    PATH_CLS = CloudURLInfo
+    REQUIRES = {"gcsfs": "gcsfs"}
+    PARAM_CHECKSUM = "etag"
+    DETAIL_FIELDS = frozenset(("etag", "size"))
+
+    def __init__(self, repo, config):
+        super().__init__(repo, config)
+
+        url = config.get("url", "gs://")
+        self.path_info = self.PATH_CLS(url)
+
+        self.login_info = self._prepare_credentials(config)
+
+    def _prepare_credentials(self, config):
+        login_info = {}
+        login_info["project"] = config.get("projectname")
+        login_info["token"] = config.get("credentialpath")
+        return login_info
+
+    def _entry_hook(self, entry):
+        entry["etag"] = base64.b64decode(entry["etag"]).hex()
+        return entry
+
+    @wrap_prop(threading.Lock())
+    @cached_property
+    def fs(self):
+        from gcsfs import GCSFileSystem
+
+        return GCSFileSystem(**self.login_info)

dvc/fs/hdfs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+import io
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+from collections import deque
+from contextlib import closing, contextmanager
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
+
+from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
+from dvc.progress import Tqdm
+from dvc.scheme import Schemes
+from dvc.utils import fix_env, tmp_fname
+
+from .base import BaseFileSystem, RemoteCmdError
+from .pool import get_connection
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _hadoop_fs(cmd, user=None):
+    cmd = "hadoop fs -" + cmd
+    if user:
+        cmd = f"HADOOP_USER_NAME={user} " + cmd
+
+    # NOTE: close_fds doesn't work with redirected stdin/stdout/stderr.
+    # See https://github.com/iterative/dvc/issues/1197.
+    close_fds = os.name != "nt"
+
+    executable = os.getenv("SHELL") if os.name != "nt" else None
+    p = subprocess.Popen(
+        cmd,
+        shell=True,
+        close_fds=close_fds,
+        executable=executable,
+        env=fix_env(os.environ),
+        stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+    )
+    out, err = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode != 0:
+        raise RemoteCmdError("hdfs", cmd, p.returncode, err)
+    return out.decode("utf-8")
+
+
+def _group(regex, s, gname):
+    match = re.match(regex, s)
+    assert match is not None
+    return match.group(gname)
+
+
+def _hadoop_fs_checksum(path_info):
+    # NOTE: pyarrow doesn't support checksum, so we need to use hadoop
+    regex = r".*\t.*\t(?P<checksum>.*)"
+    stdout = _hadoop_fs(f"checksum {path_info.url}", user=path_info.user)
+    return _group(regex, stdout, "checksum")
+
+
+class HDFSFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):
+    scheme = Schemes.HDFS
+    REQUIRES = {"pyarrow": "pyarrow"}
+    REGEX = r"^hdfs://((?P<user>.*)@)?.*$"
+    PARAM_CHECKSUM = "checksum"
+    TRAVERSE_PREFIX_LEN = 2
+
+    def __init__(self, repo, config):
+        super().__init__(repo, config)
+
+        self.path_info = None
+        url = config.get("url")
+        if not url:
+            return
+
+        parsed = urlparse(url)
+        user = parsed.username or config.get("user")
+
+        self.path_info = self.PATH_CLS.from_parts(
+            scheme=self.scheme,
+            host=parsed.hostname,
+            user=user,
+            port=parsed.port,
+            path=parsed.path,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hdfs(path_info):
+        import pyarrow.fs
+
+        # NOTE: HadoopFileSystem is not meant to be closed by us and doesn't
+        # have close() method or alternative, so we add a noop one to satisfy
+        # our connection pool.
+        class HDFSConnection(pyarrow.fs.HadoopFileSystem):
+            def close(self):
+                pass
+
+        return get_connection(
+            HDFSConnection,
+            path_info.host,
+            path_info.port,
+            user=path_info.user,
+        )
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def open(self, path_info, mode="r", encoding=None, **kwargs):
+        assert mode in {"r", "rt", "rb"}
+
+        try:
+            with self.hdfs(path_info) as hdfs, closing(
+                hdfs.open_input_stream(path_info.path)
+            ) as fd:
+                if mode == "rb":
+                    yield fd
+                else:
+                    yield io.TextIOWrapper(fd, encoding=encoding)
+        except OSError as e:
+            # Empty .errno and not specific enough error class in pyarrow,
+            # see https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-6248
+            if "file does not exist" in str(e):
+                raise FileNotFoundError(*e.args)
+            raise
+
+    def exists(self, path_info, use_dvcignore=True):
+        assert not isinstance(path_info, list)
+        assert path_info.scheme == "hdfs"
+        with self.hdfs(path_info) as hdfs:
+            import pyarrow.fs
+
+            file_info = hdfs.get_file_info(path_info.path)
+            return file_info.type != pyarrow.fs.FileType.NotFound
+
+    def _walk(self, hdfs, root, topdown=True):
+        import posixpath
+
+        from pyarrow.fs import FileSelector, FileType
+
+        dirs = deque()
+        nondirs = deque()
+
+        selector = FileSelector(root)
+        for entry in hdfs.get_file_info(selector):
+            if entry.type == FileType.Directory:
+                dirs.append(entry.base_name)
+            else:
+                nondirs.append(entry.base_name)
+
+        if topdown:
+            yield root, dirs, nondirs
+
+        for dname in dirs:
+            # NOTE: posixpath.join() is slower
+            yield from self._walk(
+                hdfs, f"{root}{posixpath.sep}{dname}", topdown=topdown
+            )
+
+        if not topdown:
+            yield root, dirs, nondirs
+
+    def walk(self, path_info, **kwargs):
+        if not self.isdir(path_info):
+            return
+
+        with self.hdfs(path_info) as hdfs:
+            for root, dnames, fnames in self._walk(
+                hdfs, path_info.path, **kwargs
+            ):
+                yield path_info.replace(path=root), dnames, fnames
+
+    def walk_files(self, path_info, **kwargs):
+        for root, _, fnames in self.walk(path_info):
+            yield from (root / fname for fname in fnames)
+
+    def remove(self, path_info):
+        if path_info.scheme != "hdfs":
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        if self.exists(path_info):
+            logger.debug(f"Removing {path_info.path}")
+            with self.hdfs(path_info) as hdfs:
+                import pyarrow.fs
+
+                file_info = hdfs.get_file_info(path_info.path)
+                if file_info.type == pyarrow.fs.FileType.Directory:
+                    hdfs.delete_dir(path_info.path)
+                else:
+                    hdfs.delete_file(path_info.path)
+
+    def makedirs(self, path_info):
+        with self.hdfs(path_info) as hdfs:
+            # NOTE: fs.create_dir creates parents by default
+            hdfs.create_dir(path_info.path)
+
+    def copy(self, from_info, to_info, **_kwargs):
+        # NOTE: hdfs.copy_file is not supported yet in pyarrow
+        with self.hdfs(to_info) as hdfs:
+            # NOTE: this is how `hadoop fs -cp` works too: it copies through
+            # your local machine.
+            with closing(hdfs.open_input_stream(from_info.path)) as from_fobj:
+                tmp_info = to_info.parent / tmp_fname(to_info.name)
+                try:
+                    with closing(
+                        hdfs.open_output_stream(tmp_info.path)
+                    ) as tmp_fobj:
+                        shutil.copyfileobj(from_fobj, tmp_fobj)
+                    hdfs.move(tmp_info.path, to_info.path)
+                except Exception:
+                    self.remove(tmp_info)
+                    raise
+
+    def isfile(self, path_info):
+        with self.hdfs(path_info) as hdfs:
+            import pyarrow.fs
+
+            file_info = hdfs.get_file_info(path_info.path)
+            return file_info.type == pyarrow.fs.FileType.File
+
+    def isdir(self, path_info):
+        with self.hdfs(path_info) as hdfs:
+            import pyarrow.fs
+
+            file_info = hdfs.get_file_info(path_info.path)
+            return file_info.type == pyarrow.fs.FileType.Directory
+
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        with self.hdfs(path_info) as hdfs:
+            finfo = hdfs.get_file_info(path_info.path)
+            return {"size": finfo.size}
+
+    def checksum(self, path_info):
+        return HashInfo(
+            "checksum",
+            _hadoop_fs_checksum(path_info),
+            size=self.getsize(path_info),
+        )
+
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
+        with self.hdfs(to_info) as hdfs:
+            with hdfs.open_output_stream(to_info.path) as fdest:
+                shutil.copyfileobj(fobj, fdest)
+
+    def _upload(
+        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
+    ):
+        with self.hdfs(to_info) as hdfs:
+            tmp_file = tmp_fname(to_info.path)
+            total = os.path.getsize(from_file)
+            with open(from_file, "rb") as fobj:
+                with Tqdm.wrapattr(
+                    fobj,
+                    "read",
+                    desc=name,
+                    total=total,
+                    disable=no_progress_bar,
+                ) as wrapped:
+                    with hdfs.open_output_stream(tmp_file) as sobj:
+                        sobj.write(wrapped.read())
+            hdfs.move(tmp_file, to_info.path)
+
+    def _download(
+        self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
+    ):
+        with self.hdfs(from_info) as hdfs:
+            file_info = hdfs.get_file_info(from_info.path)
+            total = file_info.size
+            with open(to_file, "wb+") as fobj:
+                with Tqdm.wrapattr(
+                    fobj,
+                    "write",
+                    desc=name,
+                    total=total,
+                    disable=no_progress_bar,
+                ) as wrapped:
+                    with hdfs.open_input_stream(from_info.path) as sobj:
+                        wrapped.write(sobj.read())

dvc/fs/http.py

@@ -6,12 +6,11 @@ from funcy import cached_property, memoize, wrap_prop, wrap_with
 
 import dvc.prompt as prompt
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException, HTTPError
-from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
 from dvc.path_info import HTTPURLInfo
 from dvc.progress import Tqdm
 from dvc.scheme import Schemes
 
-from .base import BaseTree
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ def ask_password(host, user):
     )
 
 
-class HTTPTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
+class HTTPFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
     scheme = Schemes.HTTP
     PATH_CLS = HTTPURLInfo
     PARAM_CHECKSUM = "etag"
@@ -33,7 +32,7 @@ class HTTPTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
 
     SESSION_RETRIES = 5
     SESSION_BACKOFF_FACTOR = 0.1
-    REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 10
+    REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 60
     CHUNK_SIZE = 2 ** 16
 
     def __init__(self, repo, config):
@@ -42,9 +41,8 @@ class HTTPTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         url = config.get("url")
         if url:
             self.path_info = self.PATH_CLS(url)
-            user = config.get("user", None)
-            if user:
-                self.path_info.user = user
+            self.user = config.get("user", None)
+            self.host = self.path_info.host
         else:
             self.path_info = None
 
@@ -56,24 +54,23 @@ class HTTPTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         self.ssl_verify = config.get("ssl_verify", True)
         self.method = config.get("method", "POST")
 
-    def _auth_method(self, path_info=None):
+    def _auth_method(self):
         from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth, HTTPDigestAuth
 
-        if path_info is None:
-            path_info = self.path_info
-
         if self.auth:
             if self.ask_password and self.password is None:
-                host, user = path_info.host, path_info.user
-                self.password = ask_password(host, user)
+                self.password = ask_password(self.host, self.user)
             if self.auth == "basic":
-                return HTTPBasicAuth(path_info.user, self.password)
+                return HTTPBasicAuth(self.user, self.password)
             if self.auth == "digest":
-                return HTTPDigestAuth(path_info.user, self.password)
+                return HTTPDigestAuth(self.user, self.password)
             if self.auth == "custom" and self.custom_auth_header:
                 self.headers.update({self.custom_auth_header: self.password})
         return None
 
+    def _generate_download_url(self, path_info):
+        return path_info.url
+
     @wrap_prop(threading.Lock())
     @cached_property
     def _session(self):
@@ -141,22 +138,31 @@ class HTTPTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         return response
 
     def exists(self, path_info, use_dvcignore=True):
-        return bool(self._head(path_info.url))
+        res = self._head(path_info.url)
+        if res.status_code == 404:
+            return False
+        if bool(res):
+            return True
+        raise HTTPError(res.status_code, res.reason)
 
-    def get_file_hash(self, path_info):
+    def info(self, path_info):
         url = path_info.url
-
         headers = self._head(url).headers
-
         etag = headers.get("ETag") or headers.get("Content-MD5")
+        size = int(headers.get("Content-Length"))
+        return {"etag": etag, "size": size}
 
-        if not etag:
-            raise DvcException(
-                "could not find an ETag or "
-                "Content-MD5 header for '{url}'".format(url=url)
-            )
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
+        def chunks(fobj):
+            while True:
+                chunk = fobj.read(self.CHUNK_SIZE)
+                if not chunk:
+                    break
+                yield chunk
 
-        return HashInfo(self.PARAM_CHECKSUM, etag)
+        response = self.request(self.method, to_info.url, data=chunks(fobj))
+        if response.status_code not in (200, 201):
+            raise HTTPError(response.status_code, response.reason)
 
     def _download(self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
         response = self.request("GET", from_info.url, stream=True)
@@ -176,28 +182,17 @@ class HTTPTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
                 for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=self.CHUNK_SIZE):
                     fd_wrapped.write(chunk)
 
-    def _upload(self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
-        def chunks():
-            with open(from_file, "rb") as fd:
-                with Tqdm.wrapattr(
-                    fd,
-                    "read",
-                    total=None
-                    if no_progress_bar
-                    else os.path.getsize(from_file),
-                    leave=False,
-                    desc=to_info.url if name is None else name,
-                    disable=no_progress_bar,
-                ) as fd_wrapped:
-                    while True:
-                        chunk = fd_wrapped.read(self.CHUNK_SIZE)
-                        if not chunk:
-                            break
-                        yield chunk
-
-        response = self.request(self.method, to_info.url, data=chunks())
-        if response.status_code not in (200, 201):
-            raise HTTPError(response.status_code, response.reason)
+    def _upload(
+        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
+    ):
+        with open(from_file, "rb") as fobj:
+            self.upload_fobj(
+                fobj,
+                to_info,
+                no_progress_bar=no_progress_bar,
+                desc=name or to_info.url,
+                total=None if no_progress_bar else os.path.getsize(from_file),
+            )
 
     @staticmethod
     def _content_length(response):

dvc/fs/https.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+from dvc.scheme import Schemes
+
+from .http import HTTPFileSystem
+
+
+class HTTPSFileSystem(HTTPFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
+    scheme = Schemes.HTTPS

dvc/fs/local.py

@@ -1,41 +1,26 @@
-import errno
 import logging
 import os
 import stat
 
 from funcy import cached_property
-from shortuuid import uuid
 
-from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
-from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
 from dvc.path_info import PathInfo
 from dvc.scheme import Schemes
 from dvc.system import System
-from dvc.utils import file_md5, is_exec, relpath, tmp_fname
-from dvc.utils.fs import (
-    copy_fobj_to_file,
-    copyfile,
-    makedirs,
-    move,
-    remove,
-    walk_files,
-)
+from dvc.utils import is_exec, tmp_fname
+from dvc.utils.fs import copy_fobj_to_file, copyfile, makedirs, move, remove
 
-from .base import BaseTree
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-class LocalTree(BaseTree):
+class LocalFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):
     scheme = Schemes.LOCAL
     PATH_CLS = PathInfo
     PARAM_CHECKSUM = "md5"
     PARAM_PATH = "path"
     TRAVERSE_PREFIX_LEN = 2
-    UNPACKED_DIR_SUFFIX = ".unpacked"
-
-    CACHE_MODE = 0o444
-    SHARED_MODE_MAP = {None: (0o644, 0o755), "group": (0o664, 0o775)}
 
     def __init__(self, repo, config, use_dvcignore=False, dvcignore_root=None):
         super().__init__(repo, config)
@@ -45,25 +30,19 @@ class LocalTree(BaseTree):
         self.dvcignore_root = dvcignore_root
 
     @property
-    def tree_root(self):
+    def fs_root(self):
         return self.config.get("url")
 
-    @property
-    def state(self):
-        from dvc.state import StateNoop
-
-        return self.repo.state if self.repo else StateNoop()
-
     @cached_property
     def dvcignore(self):
         from dvc.ignore import DvcIgnoreFilter, DvcIgnoreFilterNoop
 
-        root = self.dvcignore_root or self.tree_root
+        root = self.dvcignore_root or self.fs_root
         cls = DvcIgnoreFilter if self.use_dvcignore else DvcIgnoreFilterNoop
         return cls(self, root)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def open(path_info, mode="r", encoding=None):
+    def open(path_info, mode="r", encoding=None, **kwargs):
         return open(path_info, mode=mode, encoding=encoding)
 
     def exists(self, path_info, use_dvcignore=True):
@@ -107,7 +86,7 @@ class LocalTree(BaseTree):
         use_dvcignore=True,
         ignore_subrepos=True,
     ):
-        """Directory tree generator.
+        """Directory fs generator.
 
         See `os.walk` for the docs. Differences:
         - no support for symlinks
@@ -132,12 +111,10 @@ class LocalTree(BaseTree):
                 yield PathInfo(f"{root}{os.sep}{file}")
 
     def is_empty(self, path_info):
-        path = path_info.fspath
-
-        if self.isfile(path_info) and os.path.getsize(path) == 0:
+        if self.isfile(path_info) and os.path.getsize(path_info) == 0:
             return True
 
-        if self.isdir(path_info) and len(os.listdir(path)) == 0:
+        if self.isdir(path_info) and len(os.listdir(path_info)) == 0:
             return True
 
         return False
@@ -146,18 +123,13 @@ class LocalTree(BaseTree):
         if isinstance(path_info, PathInfo):
             if path_info.scheme != "local":
                 raise NotImplementedError
-            path = path_info.fspath
-        else:
-            path = path_info
-
-        if self.exists(path):
-            remove(path)
+        remove(path_info)
 
     def makedirs(self, path_info):
-        makedirs(path_info, exist_ok=True, mode=self.dir_mode)
+        makedirs(path_info, exist_ok=True)
 
-    def isexec(self, path):
-        mode = os.stat(path).st_mode
+    def isexec(self, path_info):
+        mode = self.stat(path_info).st_mode
         return is_exec(mode)
 
     def stat(self, path):
@@ -166,36 +138,27 @@ class LocalTree(BaseTree):
 
         return os.stat(path)
 
-    def move(self, from_info, to_info, mode=None):
+    def move(self, from_info, to_info):
         if from_info.scheme != "local" or to_info.scheme != "local":
             raise NotImplementedError
 
         self.makedirs(to_info.parent)
-
-        if mode is None:
-            if self.isfile(from_info):
-                mode = self.file_mode
-            else:
-                mode = self.dir_mode
-
-        move(from_info, to_info, mode=mode)
+        move(from_info, to_info)
 
     def copy(self, from_info, to_info):
-        tmp_info = to_info.parent / tmp_fname(to_info.name)
+        tmp_info = to_info.parent / tmp_fname("")
         try:
-            System.copy(from_info, tmp_info)
-            os.chmod(tmp_info, self.file_mode)
+            copyfile(from_info, tmp_info)
             os.rename(tmp_info, to_info)
         except Exception:
             self.remove(tmp_info)
             raise
 
-    def copy_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
         self.makedirs(to_info.parent)
-        tmp_info = to_info.parent / tmp_fname(to_info.name)
+        tmp_info = to_info.parent / tmp_fname("")
         try:
             copy_fobj_to_file(fobj, tmp_info)
-            os.chmod(tmp_info, self.file_mode)
             os.rename(tmp_info, to_info)
         except Exception:
             self.remove(tmp_info)
@@ -226,11 +189,7 @@ class LocalTree(BaseTree):
         if self.getsize(from_info) == 0:
             self.open(to_info, "w").close()
 
-            logger.debug(
-                "Created empty file: {src} -> {dest}".format(
-                    src=str(from_info), dest=str(to_info)
-                )
-            )
+            logger.debug("Created empty file: %s -> %s", from_info, to_info)
             return
 
         System.hardlink(from_info, to_info)
@@ -240,86 +199,18 @@ class LocalTree(BaseTree):
         return System.is_hardlink(path_info)
 
     def reflink(self, from_info, to_info):
-        tmp_info = to_info.parent / tmp_fname(to_info.name)
-        System.reflink(from_info, tmp_info)
-        # NOTE: reflink has its own separate inode, so you can set permissions
-        # that are different from the source.
-        os.chmod(tmp_info, self.file_mode)
-        os.rename(tmp_info, to_info)
-
-    def _unprotect_file(self, path):
-        if System.is_symlink(path) or System.is_hardlink(path):
-            logger.debug(f"Unprotecting '{path}'")
-            tmp = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(path), "." + uuid())
-
-            # The operations order is important here - if some application
-            # would access the file during the process of copyfile then it
-            # would get only the part of file. So, at first, the file should be
-            # copied with the temporary name, and then original file should be
-            # replaced by new.
-            copyfile(path, tmp, name="Unprotecting '{}'".format(relpath(path)))
-            remove(path)
-            os.rename(tmp, path)
-
-        else:
-            logger.debug(
-                "Skipping copying for '{}', since it is not "
-                "a symlink or a hardlink.".format(path)
-            )
-
-        os.chmod(path, self.file_mode)
-
-    def _unprotect_dir(self, path):
-        for fname in self.walk_files(path):
-            self._unprotect_file(fname)
-
-    def unprotect(self, path_info):
-        path = path_info.fspath
-        if not os.path.exists(path):
-            raise DvcException(f"can't unprotect non-existing data '{path}'")
-
-        if os.path.isdir(path):
-            self._unprotect_dir(path)
-        else:
-            self._unprotect_file(path)
-
-    def protect(self, path_info):
-        path = os.fspath(path_info)
-        mode = self.CACHE_MODE
-
-        try:
-            os.chmod(path, mode)
-        except OSError as exc:
-            # There is nothing we need to do in case of a read-only file system
-            if exc.errno == errno.EROFS:
-                return
-
-            # In shared cache scenario, we might not own the cache file, so we
-            # need to check if cache file is already protected.
-            if exc.errno not in [errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES]:
-                raise
-
-            actual = stat.S_IMODE(os.stat(path).st_mode)
-            if actual != mode:
-                raise
-
-    def is_protected(self, path_info):
-        try:
-            mode = os.stat(path_info).st_mode
-        except FileNotFoundError:
-            return False
-
-        return stat.S_IMODE(mode) == self.CACHE_MODE
-
-    def get_file_hash(self, path_info):
-        return HashInfo(self.PARAM_CHECKSUM, file_md5(path_info)[0])
+        System.reflink(from_info, to_info)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def getsize(path_info):
-        return os.path.getsize(path_info)
+    def info(path_info):
+        st = os.stat(path_info)
+        return {
+            "size": st.st_size,
+            "type": "dir" if stat.S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) else "file",
+        }
 
     def _upload(
-        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
+        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs,
     ):
         makedirs(to_info.parent, exist_ok=True)
 
@@ -327,8 +218,6 @@ class LocalTree(BaseTree):
         copyfile(
             from_file, tmp_file, name=name, no_progress_bar=no_progress_bar
         )
-
-        self.protect(tmp_file)
         os.replace(tmp_file, to_info)
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -339,27 +228,5 @@ class LocalTree(BaseTree):
             from_info, to_file, no_progress_bar=no_progress_bar, name=name
         )
 
-    def list_paths(self, prefix=None, progress_callback=None):
-        assert self.path_info is not None
-        if prefix:
-            path_info = self.path_info / prefix[:2]
-            if not self.exists(path_info):
-                return
-        else:
-            path_info = self.path_info
-        # NOTE: use utils.fs walk_files since tree.walk_files will not follow
-        # symlinks
-        if progress_callback:
-            for path in walk_files(path_info):
-                progress_callback()
-                yield path
-        else:
-            yield from walk_files(path_info)
-
-    def _remove_unpacked_dir(self, hash_):
-        info = self.hash_to_path_info(hash_)
-        path_info = info.with_name(info.name + self.UNPACKED_DIR_SUFFIX)
-        self.remove(path_info)
-
     def _reset(self):
         return self.__dict__.pop("dvcignore", None)

dvc/fs/memory.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
+
+
+class MemoryFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):
+    scheme = "local"
+    PARAM_CHECKSUM = "md5"
+
+    def __init__(self, repo, config):
+        from fsspec.implementations.memory import MemoryFileSystem as MemFS
+
+        super().__init__(repo, config)
+
+        self.fs = MemFS()
+
+    def exists(self, path_info, use_dvcignore=True):
+        return self.fs.exists(path_info.path)
+
+    def open(self, path_info, mode="r", encoding=None, **kwargs):
+        return self.fs.open(
+            path_info.fspath, mode=mode, encoding=encoding, **kwargs
+        )
+
+    def stat(self, path_info):
+        import os
+
+        info = self.fs.info(path_info.fspath)
+
+        return os.stat_result((0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, info["size"], 0, 0, 0))
+
+    def walk_files(self, path_info, **kwargs):
+        raise NotImplementedError

dvc/fs/oss.py

@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ from dvc.path_info import CloudURLInfo
 from dvc.progress import Tqdm
 from dvc.scheme import Schemes
 
-from .base import BaseTree
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-class OSSTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
+class OSSFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
     """
     oss2 document:
     https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/doc-detail/32026.htm
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ class OSSTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         url = config.get("url")
         self.path_info = self.PATH_CLS(url) if url else None
 
+        self.bucket = self.path_info.bucket
         self.endpoint = config.get("oss_endpoint") or os.getenv("OSS_ENDPOINT")
 
         self.key_id = (
@@ -64,12 +65,11 @@ class OSSTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
     def oss_service(self):
         import oss2
 
-        logger.debug(f"URL: {self.path_info}")
         logger.debug(f"key id: {self.key_id}")
         logger.debug(f"key secret: {self.key_secret}")
 
         auth = oss2.Auth(self.key_id, self.key_secret)
-        bucket = oss2.Bucket(auth, self.endpoint, self.path_info.bucket)
+        bucket = oss2.Bucket(auth, self.endpoint, self.bucket)
 
         # Ensure bucket exists
         try:
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class OSSTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         return bucket
 
     def _generate_download_url(self, path_info, expires=3600):
-        assert path_info.bucket == self.path_info.bucket
+        assert path_info.bucket == self.bucket
 
         return self.oss_service.sign_url("GET", path_info.path, expires)
 
@@ -116,6 +116,9 @@ class OSSTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         logger.debug(f"Removing oss://{path_info}")
         self.oss_service.delete_object(path_info.path)
 
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
+        self.oss_service.put_object(to_info.path, fobj)
+
     def _upload(
         self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
     ):
@@ -128,6 +131,11 @@ class OSSTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
     ):
         with Tqdm(desc=name, disable=no_progress_bar, bytes=True) as pbar:
-            self.oss_service.get_object_to_file(
-                from_info.path, to_file, progress_callback=pbar.update_to
+            import oss2
+
+            oss2.resumable_download(
+                self.oss_service,
+                from_info.path,
+                to_file,
+                progress_callback=pbar.update_to,
             )

dvc/fs/pool.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ def get_connection(conn_func, *args, **kwargs):
     conn = pool.get_connection()
     try:
         yield conn
-    except BaseException:
+    except Exception:
         conn.close()
         raise
     else:

dvc/fs/repo.py

@@ -4,57 +4,47 @@ import stat
 import threading
 from contextlib import suppress
 from itertools import takewhile
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable, Optional, Tuple, Type, Union
 
 from funcy import lfilter, wrap_with
-from pygtrie import StringTrie
 
-from dvc.dvcfile import is_valid_filename
-from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
 from dvc.path_info import PathInfo
-from dvc.utils import file_md5, is_exec
-from dvc.utils.fs import copy_fobj_to_file, makedirs
 
-from ._metadata import Metadata
-from .base import BaseTree
-from .dvc import DvcTree
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
+from .dvc import DvcFileSystem
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from dvc.repo import Repo
 
-    from .git import GitTree
-    from .local import LocalTree
-
-
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+RepoFactory = Union[Callable[[str], "Repo"], Type["Repo"]]
 
-class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
-    """DVC + git-tracked files tree.
+
+class RepoFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
+    """DVC + git-tracked files fs.
 
     Args:
         repo: DVC or git repo.
         subrepos: traverse to subrepos (by default, it ignores subrepos)
         repo_factory: A function to initialize subrepo with, default is Repo.
-        kwargs: Additional keyword arguments passed to the `DvcTree()`.
+        kwargs: Additional keyword arguments passed to the `DvcFileSystem()`.
     """
 
     scheme = "local"
     PARAM_CHECKSUM = "md5"
 
     def __init__(
-        self,
-        repo,
-        subrepos=False,
-        repo_factory: Callable[[str], "Repo"] = None,
-        **kwargs
+        self, repo, subrepos=False, repo_factory: RepoFactory = None,
     ):
         super().__init__(repo, {"url": repo.root_dir})
 
+        from dvc.utils.collections import PathStringTrie
+
         if not repo_factory:
             from dvc.repo import Repo
 
-            self.repo_factory = Repo
+            self.repo_factory: RepoFactory = Repo
         else:
             self.repo_factory = repo_factory
 
@@ -62,18 +52,16 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         self.root_dir = repo.root_dir
         self._traverse_subrepos = subrepos
 
-        self._subrepos_trie = StringTrie(separator=os.sep)
+        self._subrepos_trie = PathStringTrie()
         """Keeps track of each and every path with the corresponding repo."""
 
         self._subrepos_trie[self.root_dir] = repo
 
-        self._dvctrees = {}
-        """Keep a dvctree instance of each repo."""
-
-        self._dvctree_configs = kwargs
+        self._dvcfss = {}
+        """Keep a dvcfs instance of each repo."""
 
         if hasattr(repo, "dvc_dir"):
-            self._dvctrees[repo.root_dir] = DvcTree(repo, **kwargs)
+            self._dvcfss[repo.root_dir] = DvcFileSystem(repo)
 
     def _get_repo(self, path) -> Optional["Repo"]:
         """Returns repo that the path falls in, using prefix.
@@ -103,10 +91,13 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         repo = starting_repo
         for d in dirs:
             if self._is_dvc_repo(d):
-                repo = self.repo_factory(d)
-                self._dvctrees[repo.root_dir] = DvcTree(
-                    repo, **self._dvctree_configs
+                repo = self.repo_factory(
+                    d,
+                    scm=self.repo.scm,
+                    rev=self.repo.get_rev(),
+                    repo_factory=self.repo_factory,
                 )
+                self._dvcfss[repo.root_dir] = DvcFileSystem(repo)
             self._subrepos_trie[d] = repo
 
     def _is_dvc_repo(self, dir_path):
@@ -118,13 +109,13 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
 
         repo_path = os.path.join(dir_path, Repo.DVC_DIR)
         # dvcignore will ignore subrepos, therefore using `use_dvcignore=False`
-        return self._main_repo.tree.isdir(repo_path, use_dvcignore=False)
+        return self._main_repo.fs.isdir(repo_path, use_dvcignore=False)
 
-    def _get_tree_pair(
+    def _get_fs_pair(
         self, path
-    ) -> Tuple[Union["GitTree", "LocalTree"], DvcTree]:
+    ) -> Tuple[BaseFileSystem, Optional[DvcFileSystem]]:
         """
-        Returns a pair of trees based on repo the path falls in, using prefix.
+        Returns a pair of fss based on repo the path falls in, using prefix.
         """
         path = os.path.abspath(path)
 
@@ -132,16 +123,8 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         # this can happen if the path is outside of the repo
         repo = self._get_repo(path) or self._main_repo
 
-        dvc_tree = self._dvctrees.get(repo.root_dir)
-        return repo.tree, dvc_tree
-
-    @property
-    def fetch(self):
-        return "fetch" in self._dvctree_configs
-
-    @property
-    def stream(self):
-        return "stream" in self._dvctree_configs
+        dvc_fs = self._dvcfss.get(repo.root_dir)
+        return repo.fs, dvc_fs
 
     def open(
         self, path, mode="r", encoding="utf-8", **kwargs
@@ -149,98 +132,99 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         if "b" in mode:
             encoding = None
 
-        tree, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(path)
+        fs, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(path)
+        path_info = PathInfo(path)
         try:
-            return tree.open(path, mode=mode, encoding=encoding)
+            return fs.open(path_info, mode=mode, encoding=encoding)
         except FileNotFoundError:
-            if not dvc_tree:
+            if not dvc_fs:
                 raise
 
-        return dvc_tree.open(path, mode=mode, encoding=encoding, **kwargs)
+        return dvc_fs.open(path_info, mode=mode, encoding=encoding, **kwargs)
 
     def exists(
         self, path, use_dvcignore=True
     ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
-        tree, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(path)
+        fs, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(path)
 
-        if not dvc_tree:
-            return tree.exists(path)
+        if not dvc_fs:
+            return fs.exists(path)
 
-        if tree.exists(path):
+        if fs.exists(path):
             return True
 
         try:
-            meta = dvc_tree.metadata(path)
+            meta = dvc_fs.metadata(path)
         except FileNotFoundError:
             return False
 
         (out,) = meta.outs
         assert len(meta.outs) == 1
-        if tree.exists(out.path_info):
+        if fs.exists(out.path_info):
             return False
         return True
 
     def isdir(self, path):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
-        tree, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(path)
+        fs, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(path)
 
         try:
-            st = tree.stat(path)
+            st = fs.stat(path)
             return stat.S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)
         except (OSError, ValueError):
             # from CPython's os.path.isdir()
             pass
 
-        if not dvc_tree:
+        if not dvc_fs:
             return False
 
         try:
-            meta = dvc_tree.metadata(path)
+            meta = dvc_fs.metadata(path)
         except FileNotFoundError:
             return False
 
         (out,) = meta.outs
         assert len(meta.outs) == 1
-        if tree.exists(out.path_info):
+        if fs.exists(out.path_info):
             return False
         return meta.isdir
 
     def isdvc(self, path, **kwargs):
-        _, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(path)
-        return dvc_tree is not None and dvc_tree.isdvc(path, **kwargs)
+        _, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(path)
+        return dvc_fs is not None and dvc_fs.isdvc(path, **kwargs)
 
     def isfile(self, path):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
-        tree, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(path)
+        fs, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(path)
 
         try:
-            st = tree.stat(path)
+            st = fs.stat(path)
             return stat.S_ISREG(st.st_mode)
         except (OSError, ValueError):
             # from CPython's os.path.isfile()
             pass
 
-        if not dvc_tree:
+        if not dvc_fs:
             return False
 
         try:
-            meta = dvc_tree.metadata(path)
+            meta = dvc_fs.metadata(path)
         except FileNotFoundError:
             return False
 
         (out,) = meta.outs
         assert len(meta.outs) == 1
-        if tree.exists(out.path_info):
+        if fs.exists(out.path_info):
             return False
         return meta.isfile
 
-    def isexec(self, path):
-        tree, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(path)
-        if dvc_tree and dvc_tree.exists(path):
-            return dvc_tree.isexec(path)
-        return tree.isexec(path)
+    def isexec(self, path_info):
+        fs, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(path_info)
+        if dvc_fs and dvc_fs.exists(path_info):
+            return dvc_fs.isexec(path_info)
+        return fs.isexec(path_info)
 
     def stat(self, path):
-        tree, _ = self._get_tree_pair(path)
-        return tree.stat(path)
+        fs, _ = self._get_fs_pair(path)
+        return fs.stat(path)
 
     def _dvc_walk(self, walk):
         try:
@@ -257,17 +241,20 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
          NOTE: subrepo will only be discovered when walking if
          ignore_subrepos is set to False.
         """
-        tree, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(dir_path)
-        tree_walk = tree.walk(
+        fs, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(dir_path)
+        fs_walk = fs.walk(
             dir_path, topdown=True, ignore_subrepos=not self._traverse_subrepos
         )
-        if dvc_tree:
-            dvc_walk = dvc_tree.walk(dir_path, topdown=True, **kwargs)
+        if dvc_fs:
+            dvc_walk = dvc_fs.walk(dir_path, topdown=True, **kwargs)
         else:
             dvc_walk = None
-        yield from self._walk(tree_walk, dvc_walk, **kwargs)
+        yield from self._walk(fs_walk, dvc_walk, **kwargs)
 
     def _walk(self, repo_walk, dvc_walk=None, dvcfiles=False):
+        from dvc.dvcfile import is_valid_filename
+        from dvc.ignore import DvcIgnore
+
         assert repo_walk
         try:
             _, dvc_dirs, dvc_fnames = (
@@ -285,12 +272,16 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         shared = list(dvc_set & repo_set)
         dirs = shared + dvc_only + repo_only
 
+        def _func(fname):
+            if dvcfiles:
+                return True
+
+            return not (
+                is_valid_filename(fname) or fname == DvcIgnore.DVCIGNORE_FILE
+            )
+
         # merge file lists
-        files = {
-            fname
-            for fname in dvc_fnames + repo_fnames
-            if dvcfiles or not is_valid_filename(fname)
-        }
+        files = set(filter(_func, dvc_fnames + repo_fnames))
 
         yield repo_root, dirs, list(files)
 
@@ -316,13 +307,19 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
                 yield from self._walk(repo_walk, None, dvcfiles=dvcfiles)
 
     def walk(
-        self, top, topdown=True, onerror=None, dvcfiles=False, **kwargs
+        self,
+        top,
+        topdown=True,
+        onerror=None,
+        dvcfiles=False,
+        follow_subrepos=None,
+        **kwargs
     ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
-        """Walk and merge both DVC and repo trees.
+        """Walk and merge both DVC and repo fss.
 
         Args:
             top: path to walk from
-            topdown: if True, tree will be walked from top down.
+            topdown: if True, fs will be walked from top down.
             onerror: if set, onerror function will be called if an error
                 occurs (by default errors are ignored).
             dvcfiles: if True, dvcfiles will be included in the files list
@@ -343,25 +340,29 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
                 onerror(NotADirectoryError(top))
             return
 
-        tree, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(top)
-        repo_exists = tree.exists(top)
-        repo_walk = tree.walk(
+        ignore_subrepos = not self._traverse_subrepos
+        if follow_subrepos is not None:
+            ignore_subrepos = not follow_subrepos
+
+        fs, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(top)
+        repo_exists = fs.exists(top)
+        repo_walk = fs.walk(
             top,
             topdown=topdown,
             onerror=onerror,
-            ignore_subrepos=not self._traverse_subrepos,
+            ignore_subrepos=ignore_subrepos,
         )
 
-        if not dvc_tree or (repo_exists and dvc_tree.isdvc(top)):
+        if not dvc_fs or (repo_exists and dvc_fs.isdvc(top)):
             yield from self._walk(repo_walk, None, dvcfiles=dvcfiles)
             return
 
         if not repo_exists:
-            yield from dvc_tree.walk(top, topdown=topdown, **kwargs)
+            yield from dvc_fs.walk(top, topdown=topdown, **kwargs)
 
         dvc_walk = None
-        if dvc_tree.exists(top):
-            dvc_walk = dvc_tree.walk(top, topdown=topdown, **kwargs)
+        if dvc_fs.exists(top):
+            dvc_walk = dvc_fs.walk(top, topdown=topdown, **kwargs)
 
         yield from self._walk(repo_walk, dvc_walk, dvcfiles=dvcfiles)
 
@@ -370,74 +371,43 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
             for fname in files:
                 yield PathInfo(root) / fname
 
-    def get_dir_hash(self, path_info, **kwargs):
-        tree, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(path_info)
-        if tree.exists(path_info):
-            return super().get_dir_hash(path_info, **kwargs)
-        if not dvc_tree:
-            raise FileNotFoundError
-        return dvc_tree.get_dir_hash(path_info, **kwargs)
+    def _download(
+        self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **kwargs
+    ):
+        import shutil
 
-    def get_file_hash(self, path_info):
-        """Return file checksum for specified path.
+        from dvc.progress import Tqdm
 
-        If path_info is a DVC out, the pre-computed checksum for the file
-        will be used. If path_info is a git file, MD5 will be computed for
-        the git object.
-        """
-        if not self.exists(path_info):
-            raise FileNotFoundError
-        _, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(path_info)
-        if dvc_tree and dvc_tree.exists(path_info):
-            try:
-                return dvc_tree.get_file_hash(path_info)
-            except FileNotFoundError:
-                pass
-        return HashInfo(self.PARAM_CHECKSUM, file_md5(path_info, self)[0])
-
-    def copytree(self, top, dest):
-        top = PathInfo(top)
-        dest = PathInfo(dest)
-
-        if not self.exists(top):
-            raise FileNotFoundError
-
-        if self.isfile(top):
-            makedirs(dest.parent, exist_ok=True)
-            with self.open(top, mode="rb") as fobj:
-                copy_fobj_to_file(fobj, dest)
-            return
-
-        for root, _, files in self.walk(top):
-            root = PathInfo(root)
-            dest_dir = dest / root.relative_to(top)
-            makedirs(dest_dir, exist_ok=True)
-            for fname in files:
-                src = root / fname
-                with self.open(src, mode="rb") as fobj:
-                    copy_fobj_to_file(fobj, dest_dir / fname)
+        with open(to_file, "wb+") as to_fobj:
+            with Tqdm.wrapattr(
+                to_fobj, "write", desc=name, disable=no_progress_bar,
+            ) as wrapped:
+                with self.open(from_info, "rb", **kwargs) as from_fobj:
+                    shutil.copyfileobj(from_fobj, wrapped)
 
     @property
     def hash_jobs(self):  # pylint: disable=invalid-overridden-method
-        return self._main_repo.tree.hash_jobs
+        return self._main_repo.fs.hash_jobs
 
     def metadata(self, path):
         abspath = os.path.abspath(path)
         path_info = PathInfo(abspath)
-        tree, dvc_tree = self._get_tree_pair(path_info)
+        fs, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(path_info)
 
         dvc_meta = None
-        if dvc_tree:
+        if dvc_fs:
             with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-                dvc_meta = dvc_tree.metadata(path_info)
+                dvc_meta = dvc_fs.metadata(path_info)
 
         stat_result = None
         with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-            stat_result = tree.stat(path_info)
+            stat_result = fs.stat(path_info)
 
         if not stat_result and not dvc_meta:
             raise FileNotFoundError
 
+        from ._metadata import Metadata
+
         meta = dvc_meta or Metadata(
             path_info=path_info,
             repo=self._get_repo(abspath) or self._main_repo,
@@ -447,5 +417,15 @@ class RepoTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         meta.isdir = meta.isdir or isdir
 
         if not dvc_meta:
+            from dvc.utils import is_exec
+
             meta.is_exec = bool(stat_result) and is_exec(stat_result.st_mode)
         return meta
+
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        fs, dvc_fs = self._get_fs_pair(path_info)
+
+        try:
+            return fs.info(path_info)
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return dvc_fs.info(path_info)

dvc/fs/s3.py

@@ -11,18 +11,21 @@ from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
 from dvc.path_info import CloudURLInfo
 from dvc.progress import Tqdm
 from dvc.scheme import Schemes
-from dvc.utils import error_link
+from dvc.utils import conversions, error_link
 
-from .base import BaseTree
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+_AWS_CONFIG_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), ".aws", "config")
 
-class S3Tree(BaseTree):
+
+class S3FileSystem(BaseFileSystem):
     scheme = Schemes.S3
     PATH_CLS = CloudURLInfo
     REQUIRES = {"boto3": "boto3"}
     PARAM_CHECKSUM = "etag"
+    DETAIL_FIELDS = frozenset(("etag", "size"))
 
     def __init__(self, repo, config):
         super().__init__(repo, config)
@@ -54,27 +57,89 @@ class S3Tree(BaseTree):
 
         self.access_key_id = config.get("access_key_id")
         self.secret_access_key = config.get("secret_access_key")
+        self.session_token = config.get("session_token")
 
         shared_creds = config.get("credentialpath")
         if shared_creds:
             os.environ.setdefault("AWS_SHARED_CREDENTIALS_FILE", shared_creds)
 
+        config_path = config.get("configpath")
+        if config_path:
+            os.environ.setdefault("AWS_CONFIG_FILE", config_path)
+        self._transfer_config = None
+
+    # https://github.com/aws/aws-cli/blob/0376c6262d6b15dc36c82e6da6e1aad10249cc8c/awscli/customizations/s3/transferconfig.py#L107-L113
+    _TRANSFER_CONFIG_ALIASES = {
+        "max_queue_size": "max_io_queue",
+        "max_concurrent_requests": "max_concurrency",
+        "multipart_threshold": "multipart_threshold",
+        "multipart_chunksize": "multipart_chunksize",
+    }
+
+    def _transform_config(self, s3_config):
+        """Splits the general s3 config into 2 different config
+        objects, one for transfer.TransferConfig and other is the
+        general session config"""
+
+        config, transfer_config = {}, {}
+        for key, value in s3_config.items():
+            if key in self._TRANSFER_CONFIG_ALIASES:
+                if key in {"multipart_chunksize", "multipart_threshold"}:
+                    # cast human readable sizes (like 24MiB) to integers
+                    value = conversions.human_readable_to_bytes(value)
+                else:
+                    value = int(value)
+                transfer_config[self._TRANSFER_CONFIG_ALIASES[key]] = value
+            else:
+                config[key] = value
+
+        return config, transfer_config
+
+    def _process_config(self):
+        from boto3.s3.transfer import TransferConfig
+        from botocore.configloader import load_config
+
+        config_path = os.environ.get("AWS_CONFIG_FILE", _AWS_CONFIG_PATH)
+        if not os.path.exists(config_path):
+            return None
+
+        config = load_config(config_path)
+        profile = config["profiles"].get(self.profile or "default")
+        if not profile:
+            return None
+
+        s3_config = profile.get("s3", {})
+        s3_config, transfer_config = self._transform_config(s3_config)
+        self._transfer_config = TransferConfig(**transfer_config)
+        return s3_config
+
     @wrap_prop(threading.Lock())
     @cached_property
     def s3(self):
         import boto3
 
-        session_opts = dict(profile_name=self.profile, region_name=self.region)
+        session_opts = {
+            "profile_name": self.profile,
+            "region_name": self.region,
+        }
 
         if self.access_key_id:
             session_opts["aws_access_key_id"] = self.access_key_id
         if self.secret_access_key:
             session_opts["aws_secret_access_key"] = self.secret_access_key
+        if self.session_token:
+            session_opts["aws_session_token"] = self.session_token
 
         session = boto3.session.Session(**session_opts)
+        s3_config = self._process_config()
 
         return session.resource(
-            "s3", endpoint_url=self.endpoint_url, use_ssl=self.use_ssl
+            "s3",
+            endpoint_url=self.endpoint_url,
+            use_ssl=self.use_ssl,
+            config=boto3.session.Config(
+                signature_version="s3v4", s3=s3_config
+            ),
         )
 
     @contextmanager
@@ -195,13 +260,26 @@ class S3Tree(BaseTree):
 
         return path_info.path in self._list_paths(path_info)
 
-    def _list_paths(self, path_info, max_items=None):
-        kwargs = {"Prefix": path_info.path}
-        if max_items is not None:
-            kwargs["MaxKeys"] = max_items
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        # temporary workaround, will be removed when migrating to s3fs
+        if self.isdir(path_info):
+            return {"type": "directory"}
 
+        with self._get_obj(path_info) as obj:
+            return {
+                "type": "file",
+                "etag": obj.e_tag.strip('"'),
+                "size": obj.content_length,
+            }
+
+    def _list_paths(self, path_info, max_items=None):
         with self._get_bucket(path_info.bucket) as bucket:
-            for obj_summary in bucket.objects.filter(**kwargs):
+            obj_summaries = bucket.objects.filter(Prefix=path_info.path)
+            if max_items is not None:
+                obj_summaries = obj_summaries.page_size(max_items).limit(
+                    max_items
+                )
+            for obj_summary in obj_summaries:
                 yield obj_summary.key
 
     def walk_files(self, path_info, **kwargs):
@@ -213,6 +291,23 @@ class S3Tree(BaseTree):
 
             yield path_info.replace(path=fname)
 
+    def ls(
+        self, path_info, detail=False, recursive=False
+    ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        assert recursive
+
+        with self._get_bucket(path_info.bucket) as bucket:
+            for obj_summary in bucket.objects.filter(Prefix=path_info.path):
+                if detail:
+                    yield {
+                        "type": "file",
+                        "name": obj_summary.key,
+                        "size": obj_summary.size,
+                        "etag": obj_summary.e_tag.strip('"'),
+                    }
+                else:
+                    yield obj_summary.key
+
     def remove(self, path_info):
         if path_info.scheme != "s3":
             raise NotImplementedError
@@ -331,18 +426,27 @@ class S3Tree(BaseTree):
         if etag != cached_etag:
             raise ETagMismatchError(etag, cached_etag)
 
-    def get_file_hash(self, path_info):
+    def etag(self, path_info):
         with self._get_obj(path_info) as obj:
-            return HashInfo(self.PARAM_CHECKSUM, obj.e_tag.strip('"'))
+            return HashInfo("etag", size=obj.content_length,)
 
-    def _upload(self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
+        with self._get_obj(to_info) as obj:
+            obj.upload_fileobj(fobj, Config=self._transfer_config)
+
+    def _upload(
+        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
+    ):
         with self._get_obj(to_info) as obj:
             total = os.path.getsize(from_file)
             with Tqdm(
                 disable=no_progress_bar, total=total, bytes=True, desc=name
             ) as pbar:
                 obj.upload_file(
-                    from_file, Callback=pbar.update, ExtraArgs=self.extra_args,
+                    from_file,
+                    Callback=pbar.update,
+                    ExtraArgs=self.extra_args,
+                    Config=self._transfer_config,
                 )
 
     def _download(self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
@@ -353,4 +457,6 @@ class S3Tree(BaseTree):
                 bytes=True,
                 desc=name,
             ) as pbar:
-                obj.download_file(to_file, Callback=pbar.update)
+                obj.download_file(
+                    to_file, Callback=pbar.update, Config=self._transfer_config
+                )

dvc/fs/ssh/__init__.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import getpass
 import io
 import logging
 import os
-import posixpath
+import shutil
 import threading
 from contextlib import closing, contextmanager
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import dvc.prompt as prompt
 from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
 from dvc.scheme import Schemes
 
-from ..base import BaseTree
+from ..base import BaseFileSystem
 from ..pool import get_connection
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ def ask_password(host, user, port):
     )
 
 
-class SSHTree(BaseTree):
+class SSHFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):
     scheme = Schemes.SSH
     REQUIRES = {"paramiko": "paramiko"}
     JOBS = 4
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ class SSHTree(BaseTree):
             self.sock = paramiko.ProxyCommand(proxy_command)
         else:
             self.sock = None
+        self.allow_agent = config.get("allow_agent", True)
 
     @staticmethod
     def ssh_config_filename():
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ class SSHTree(BaseTree):
     def _load_user_ssh_config(hostname):
         import paramiko
 
-        user_config_file = SSHTree.ssh_config_filename()
+        user_config_file = SSHFileSystem.ssh_config_filename()
         user_ssh_config = {}
         if hostname and os.path.exists(user_config_file):
             ssh_config = paramiko.SSHConfig()
@@ -143,10 +144,11 @@ class SSHTree(BaseTree):
             password=self.password,
             gss_auth=self.gss_auth,
             sock=self.sock,
+            allow_agent=self.allow_agent,
         )
 
     @contextmanager
-    def open(self, path_info, mode="r", encoding=None):
+    def open(self, path_info, mode="r", encoding=None, **kwargs):
         assert mode in {"r", "rt", "rb", "wb"}
 
         with self.ssh(path_info) as ssh, closing(
@@ -185,8 +187,7 @@ class SSHTree(BaseTree):
         with self.ssh(path_info) as ssh:
             ssh.makedirs(path_info.path)
 
-    def move(self, from_info, to_info, mode=None):
-        assert mode is None
+    def move(self, from_info, to_info):
         if from_info.scheme != self.scheme or to_info.scheme != self.scheme:
             raise NotImplementedError
 
@@ -234,20 +235,25 @@ class SSHTree(BaseTree):
         with self.ssh(from_info) as ssh:
             ssh.reflink(from_info.path, to_info.path)
 
-    def get_file_hash(self, path_info):
-        if path_info.scheme != self.scheme:
-            raise NotImplementedError
-
+    def md5(self, path_info):
         with self.ssh(path_info) as ssh:
-            return HashInfo(self.PARAM_CHECKSUM, ssh.md5(path_info.path))
+            return HashInfo(
+                "md5",
+                ssh.md5(path_info.path),
+                size=ssh.getsize(path_info.path),
+            )
 
-    def getsize(self, path_info):
+    def info(self, path_info):
         with self.ssh(path_info) as ssh:
-            return ssh.getsize(path_info.path)
+            return ssh.info(path_info.path)
+
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
+        self.makedirs(to_info.parent)
+        with self.open(to_info, mode="wb") as fdest:
+            shutil.copyfileobj(fobj, fdest)
 
     def _download(self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
-        assert from_info.isin(self.path_info)
-        with self.ssh(self.path_info) as ssh:
+        with self.ssh(from_info) as ssh:
             ssh.download(
                 from_info.path,
                 to_file,
@@ -255,28 +261,13 @@ class SSHTree(BaseTree):
                 no_progress_bar=no_progress_bar,
             )
 
-    def _upload(self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
-        assert to_info.isin(self.path_info)
-        with self.ssh(self.path_info) as ssh:
+    def _upload(
+        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
+    ):
+        with self.ssh(to_info) as ssh:
             ssh.upload(
                 from_file,
                 to_info.path,
                 progress_title=name,
                 no_progress_bar=no_progress_bar,
             )
-
-    def list_paths(self, prefix=None, progress_callback=None):
-        if prefix:
-            root = posixpath.join(self.path_info.path, prefix[:2])
-        else:
-            root = self.path_info.path
-        with self.ssh(self.path_info) as ssh:
-            if prefix and not ssh.exists(root):
-                return
-            # If we simply return an iterator then with above closes instantly
-            if progress_callback:
-                for path in ssh.walk_files(root):
-                    progress_callback()
-                    yield path
-            else:
-                yield from ssh.walk_files(root)

dvc/fs/ssh/connection.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import errno
 import logging
 import os
 import posixpath
+import shlex
 import stat
 from contextlib import suppress
 
@@ -69,16 +70,21 @@ class SSHConnection:
         self._ssh.close()
 
     def st_mode(self, path):
+        lstat = None
         with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-            return self.sftp.lstat(path).st_mode
+            lstat = self.sftp.lstat(path)
 
-        return 0
+        return lstat.st_mode if lstat else 0
+
+    def info(self, path):
+        st = self.sftp.stat(path)
+        return {
+            "size": st.st_size,
+            "type": "dir" if stat.S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) else "file",
+        }
 
     def getsize(self, path):
-        with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-            return self.sftp.lstat(path).st_size
-
-        return 0
+        return self.info(path)["size"]
 
     def exists(self, path):
         return bool(self.st_mode(path))
@@ -186,6 +192,7 @@ class SSHConnection:
             desc=progress_title or os.path.basename(src),
             disable=no_progress_bar,
             bytes=True,
+            total=self.getsize(src),
         ) as pbar:
             self.sftp.get(src, dest, callback=pbar.update_to)
 
@@ -218,7 +225,10 @@ class SSHConnection:
             progress_title = posixpath.basename(dest)
 
         with Tqdm(
-            desc=progress_title, disable=no_progress_bar, bytes=True
+            desc=progress_title,
+            disable=no_progress_bar,
+            bytes=True,
+            total=os.path.getsize(src),
         ) as pbar:
             self.sftp.put(src, tmp_file, callback=pbar.update_to)
 
@@ -291,6 +301,7 @@ class SSHConnection:
          Example:
               MD5 (foo.txt) = f3d220a856b52aabbf294351e8a24300
         """
+        path = shlex.quote(path)
         if self.uname == "Linux":
             md5 = self.execute("md5sum " + path).split()[0]
         elif self.uname == "Darwin":
@@ -304,6 +315,8 @@ class SSHConnection:
         return md5
 
     def copy(self, src, dest):
+        dest = shlex.quote(dest)
+        src = shlex.quote(src)
         self.execute(f"cp {src} {dest}")
 
     def open_max_sftp_channels(self):
@@ -325,6 +338,8 @@ class SSHConnection:
         self.sftp.symlink(src, dest)
 
     def reflink(self, src, dest):
+        dest = shlex.quote(dest)
+        src = shlex.quote(src)
         if self.uname == "Linux":
             return self.execute(f"cp --reflink {src} {dest}")
 
@@ -334,4 +349,6 @@ class SSHConnection:
         raise DvcException(f"'{self.uname}' is not supported as a SSH remote")
 
     def hardlink(self, src, dest):
+        dest = shlex.quote(dest)
+        src = shlex.quote(src)
         self.execute(f"ln {src} {dest}")

dvc/fs/webdav.py

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
+import io
 import logging
 import os
 import threading
 from collections import deque
 
-from funcy import cached_property, wrap_prop
+from funcy import cached_property, nullcontext, wrap_prop
 
 from dvc.config import ConfigError
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException
-from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
 from dvc.path_info import HTTPURLInfo, WebDAVURLInfo
 from dvc.progress import Tqdm
 from dvc.scheme import Schemes
 
-from .base import BaseTree
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
 from .http import ask_password
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class WebDAVConnectionError(DvcException):
         super().__init__(f"Unable to connect to WebDAV {host}.")
 
 
-class WebDAVTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
+class WebDAVFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
     # Use webdav scheme
     scheme = Schemes.WEBDAV
 
@@ -42,9 +42,12 @@ class WebDAVTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
     # Chunk size for buffered upload/download with progress bar
     CHUNK_SIZE = 2 ** 16
 
+    PARAM_CHECKSUM = "etag"
+    DETAIL_FIELDS = frozenset(("etag", "size"))
+
     # Constructor
     def __init__(self, repo, config):
-        # Call BaseTree constructor
+        # Call BaseFileSystem constructor
         super().__init__(repo, config)
 
         # Get username from configuration
@@ -79,11 +82,9 @@ class WebDAVTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
             if self.user is None and self.path_info.user is not None:
                 self.user = self.path_info.user
 
-            # If username specified add to path_info
-            if self.user is not None:
-                self.path_info.user = self.user
-        else:
-            self.path_info = None
+            # Construct hostname from path_info by stripping path
+            http_info = HTTPURLInfo(self.path_info.url)
+            self.hostname = http_info.replace(path="").url
 
     # Webdav client
     @wrap_prop(threading.Lock())
@@ -91,18 +92,13 @@ class WebDAVTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
     def _client(self):
         from webdav3.client import Client
 
-        # Construct hostname from path_info by stripping path
-        http_info = HTTPURLInfo(self.path_info.url)
-        hostname = http_info.replace(path="").url
-
         # Set password or ask for it
         if self.ask_password and self.password is None and self.token is None:
-            host, user = self.path_info.host, self.path_info.user
-            self.password = ask_password(host, user)
+            self.password = ask_password(self.hostname, self.user)
 
         # Setup webdav client options dictionary
         options = {
-            "webdav_hostname": hostname,
+            "webdav_hostname": self.hostname,
             "webdav_login": self.user,
             "webdav_password": self.password,
             "webdav_token": self.token,
@@ -117,34 +113,39 @@ class WebDAVTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         # Check whether client options are valid
         if not client.valid():
             raise ConfigError(
-                f"Configuration for WebDAV {hostname} is invalid."
+                f"Configuration for WebDAV {self.hostname} is invalid."
             )
 
         # Check whether connection is valid (root should always exist)
-        if not client.check(self.path_info.path):
-            raise WebDAVConnectionError(hostname)
+        if not client.check("/"):
+            raise WebDAVConnectionError(self.hostname)
 
         return client
 
+    def open(self, path_info, mode="r", encoding=None, **kwargs):
+        from webdav3.exceptions import RemoteResourceNotFound
+
+        assert mode in {"r", "rt", "rb"}
+
+        fobj = io.BytesIO()
+
+        try:
+            self._client.download_from(buff=fobj, remote_path=path_info.path)
+        except RemoteResourceNotFound as exc:
+            raise FileNotFoundError from exc
+
+        fobj.seek(0)
+
+        if "mode" == "rb":
+            return fobj
+
+        return io.TextIOWrapper(fobj, encoding=encoding)
+
     # Checks whether file/directory exists at remote
     def exists(self, path_info, use_dvcignore=True):
         # Use webdav check to test for file existence
         return self._client.check(path_info.path)
 
-    # Gets file hash 'etag'
-    def get_file_hash(self, path_info):
-        # Use webdav client info method to get etag
-        etag = self._client.info(path_info.path)["etag"].strip('"')
-
-        # From HTTPTree
-        if not etag:
-            raise DvcException(
-                "could not find an ETag or "
-                "Content-MD5 header for '{url}'".format(url=path_info.url)
-            )
-
-        return HashInfo(self.PARAM_CHECKSUM, etag)
-
     # Checks whether path points to directory
     def isdir(self, path_info):
         # Use webdav is_dir to test whether path points to a directory
@@ -174,6 +175,36 @@ class WebDAVTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
                     # Yield path info to non directory
                     yield info
 
+    def ls(
+        self, path_info, detail=False, recursive=False
+    ):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+        dirs = deque([path_info.path])
+
+        while dirs:
+            for entry in self._client.list(dirs.pop(), get_info=True):
+                path = entry["path"]
+                if entry["isdir"]:
+                    dirs.append(path)
+                    continue
+
+                if detail:
+                    yield {
+                        "type": "file",
+                        "name": path,
+                        "size": entry["size"],
+                        "etag": entry["etag"],
+                    }
+                else:
+                    yield path
+
+            if not recursive:
+                for entry in dirs:
+                    if detail:
+                        yield {"type": "directory", "name": entry}
+                    else:
+                        yield entry
+                return None
+
     # Removes file/directory
     def remove(self, path_info):
         # Use webdav client clean (DELETE) method to remove file/directory
@@ -182,7 +213,7 @@ class WebDAVTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
     # Creates directories
     def makedirs(self, path_info):
         # Terminate recursion
-        if path_info.path == self.path_info.path or self.exists(path_info):
+        if path_info.path == "/" or self.exists(path_info):
             return
 
         # Recursively descent to root
@@ -192,18 +223,24 @@ class WebDAVTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
         self._client.mkdir(path_info.path)
 
     # Moves file/directory at remote
-    def move(self, from_info, to_info, mode=None):
+    def move(self, from_info, to_info):
         # Webdav client move
         self._client.move(from_info.path, to_info.path)
 
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
+        # In contrast to other upload_fobj implementations, this one does not
+        # exactly do a chunked-upload but rather put everything in one request.
+        self.makedirs(to_info.parent)
+        self._client.upload_to(buff=fobj, remote_path=to_info.path)
+
     # Downloads file from remote to file
     def _download(self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
-        # Progress from HTTPTree
+        # Progress from HTTPFileSystem
         with open(to_file, "wb") as fd:
             with Tqdm.wrapattr(
                 fd,
                 "write",
-                total=None if no_progress_bar else self._file_size(from_info),
+                total=None if no_progress_bar else self.getsize(from_info),
                 leave=False,
                 desc=from_info.url if name is None else name,
                 disable=no_progress_bar,
@@ -214,33 +251,34 @@ class WebDAVTree(BaseTree):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
                 )
 
     # Uploads file to remote
-    def _upload(self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False):
+    def _upload(
+        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs,
+    ):
         # First try to create parent directories
         self.makedirs(to_info.parent)
 
-        # Progress from HTTPTree
-        def chunks():
-            with open(from_file, "rb") as fd:
-                with Tqdm.wrapattr(
+        file_size = os.path.getsize(from_file)
+        with open(from_file, "rb") as fd:
+            progress_context = (
+                nullcontext(fd)
+                if file_size == 0
+                else Tqdm.wrapattr(
                     fd,
                     "read",
-                    total=None
-                    if no_progress_bar
-                    else os.path.getsize(from_file),
+                    total=None if no_progress_bar else file_size,
                     leave=False,
                     desc=to_info.url if name is None else name,
                     disable=no_progress_bar,
-                ) as fd_wrapped:
-                    while True:
-                        chunk = fd_wrapped.read(self.CHUNK_SIZE)
-                        if not chunk:
-                            break
-                        yield chunk
+                )
+            )
+            with progress_context as fd_wrapped:
+                self._client.upload_to(
+                    buff=fd_wrapped, remote_path=to_info.path
+                )
 
-        # Upload to WebDAV via buffer
-        self._client.upload_to(buff=chunks(), remote_path=to_info.path)
-
-    # Queries size of file at remote
-    def _file_size(self, path_info):
-        # Get file size from info dictionary and convert to int (from str)
-        return int(self._client.info(path_info.path)["size"])
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        info = self._client.info(path_info.path)
+        return {
+            "size": int(info["size"]),
+            "etag": info["etag"],
+        }

dvc/fs/webdavs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+from dvc.scheme import Schemes
+
+from .webdav import WebDAVFileSystem
+
+
+class WebDAVSFileSystem(WebDAVFileSystem):  # pylint:disable=abstract-method
+    scheme = Schemes.WEBDAVS

dvc/fs/webhdfs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import posixpath
+import shutil
+import threading
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
+
+from funcy import cached_property, wrap_prop
+
+from dvc.hash_info import HashInfo
+from dvc.path_info import CloudURLInfo
+from dvc.progress import Tqdm
+from dvc.scheme import Schemes
+
+from .base import BaseFileSystem
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def update_pbar(pbar, total):
+    """Update pbar to accept the two arguments passed by hdfs"""
+
+    def update(_, bytes_transfered):
+        if bytes_transfered == -1:
+            pbar.update_to(total)
+            return
+        pbar.update_to(bytes_transfered)
+
+    return update
+
+
+class WebHDFSFileSystem(BaseFileSystem):
+    scheme = Schemes.WEBHDFS
+    PATH_CLS = CloudURLInfo
+    REQUIRES = {"hdfs": "hdfs"}
+    PARAM_CHECKSUM = "checksum"
+    TRAVERSE_PREFIX_LEN = 2
+
+    def __init__(self, repo, config):
+        super().__init__(repo, config)
+
+        self.path_info = None
+        url = config.get("url")
+        if not url:
+            return
+
+        self.path_info = self.PATH_CLS(url)
+
+        parsed = urlparse(url)
+
+        self.host = parsed.hostname
+        self.user = parsed.username or config.get("user")
+        self.port = parsed.port
+
+        self.hdfscli_config = config.get("hdfscli_config")
+        self.token = config.get("webhdfs_token")
+        self.alias = config.get("webhdfs_alias")
+
+    @wrap_prop(threading.Lock())
+    @cached_property
+    def hdfs_client(self):
+        import hdfs
+
+        logger.debug("HDFSConfig: %s", self.hdfscli_config)
+
+        try:
+            return hdfs.config.Config(self.hdfscli_config).get_client(
+                self.alias
+            )
+        except hdfs.util.HdfsError as exc:
+            exc_msg = str(exc)
+            errors = (
+                "No alias specified",
+                "Invalid configuration file",
+                f"Alias {self.alias} not found",
+            )
+            if not any(err in exc_msg for err in errors):
+                raise
+
+            http_url = f"http://{self.host}:{self.port}"
+            logger.debug("URL: %s", http_url)
+
+            if self.token is not None:
+                client = hdfs.TokenClient(http_url, token=self.token, root="/")
+            else:
+                client = hdfs.InsecureClient(
+                    http_url, user=self.user, root="/"
+                )
+
+        return client
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def open(self, path_info, mode="r", encoding=None, **kwargs):
+        assert mode in {"r", "rt", "rb"}
+
+        with self.hdfs_client.read(
+            path_info.path, encoding=encoding
+        ) as reader:
+            yield reader
+
+    def walk_files(self, path_info, **kwargs):
+        if not self.exists(path_info):
+            return
+
+        root = path_info.path
+        for path, _, fnames in self.hdfs_client.walk(root):
+            for fname in fnames:
+                yield path_info.replace(path=posixpath.join(path, fname))
+
+    def remove(self, path_info):
+        if path_info.scheme != self.scheme:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        self.hdfs_client.delete(path_info.path)
+
+    def exists(self, path_info, use_dvcignore=True):
+        assert not isinstance(path_info, list)
+        assert path_info.scheme == "webhdfs"
+
+        status = self.hdfs_client.status(path_info.path, strict=False)
+        return status is not None
+
+    def info(self, path_info):
+        st = self.hdfs_client.status(path_info.path)
+        return {"size": st["length"]}
+
+    def checksum(self, path_info):
+        return HashInfo(
+            "checksum",
+            self.hdfs_client.checksum(path_info.path)["bytes"],
+            size=self.hdfs_client.status(path_info.path)["length"],
+        )
+
+    def copy(self, from_info, to_info, **_kwargs):
+        with self.hdfs_client.read(from_info.path) as reader:
+            with self.hdfs_client.write(to_info.path) as writer:
+                shutil.copyfileobj(reader, writer)
+
+    def move(self, from_info, to_info):
+        self.hdfs_client.makedirs(to_info.parent.path)
+        self.hdfs_client.rename(from_info.path, to_info.path)
+
+    def _upload_fobj(self, fobj, to_info):
+        with self.hdfs_client.write(to_info.path) as fdest:
+            shutil.copyfileobj(fobj, fdest)
+
+    def _upload(
+        self, from_file, to_info, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
+    ):
+        total = os.path.getsize(from_file)
+        with Tqdm(
+            desc=name, total=total, disable=no_progress_bar, bytes=True
+        ) as pbar:
+            self.hdfs_client.upload(
+                to_info.path,
+                from_file,
+                overwrite=True,
+                progress=update_pbar(pbar, total),
+            )
+
+    def _download(
+        self, from_info, to_file, name=None, no_progress_bar=False, **_kwargs
+    ):
+        total = self.getsize(from_info)
+        with Tqdm(
+            desc=name, total=total, disable=no_progress_bar, bytes=True
+        ) as pbar:
+            self.hdfs_client.download(
+                from_info.path, to_file, progress=update_pbar(pbar, total)
+            )

dvc/hash_info.py

@@ -1,26 +1,52 @@
+from collections import OrderedDict
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Dict, Optional
 
 HASH_DIR_SUFFIX = ".dir"
 
+DirInfo = Dict[str, str]
+
 
 @dataclass
 class HashInfo:
-    name: str
-    value: str
-    dir_info: list = field(default=None, compare=False)
+    PARAM_SIZE = "size"
+    PARAM_NFILES = "nfiles"
+
+    name: Optional[str]
+    value: Optional[str]
+    dir_info: Optional[DirInfo] = field(default=None, compare=False)
+    size: Optional[int] = field(default=None, compare=False)
+    nfiles: Optional[int] = field(default=None, compare=False)
 
     def __bool__(self):
         return bool(self.value)
 
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.name}: {self.value}"
+
     @classmethod
     def from_dict(cls, d):
-        if not d:
+        _d = d.copy() if d else {}
+        size = _d.pop(cls.PARAM_SIZE, None)
+        nfiles = _d.pop(cls.PARAM_NFILES, None)
+
+        if not _d:
             return cls(None, None)
-        ((name, value),) = d.items()
-        return cls(name, value)
+
+        ((name, value),) = _d.items()
+        return cls(name, value, size=size, nfiles=nfiles)
 
     def to_dict(self):
-        return {self.name: self.value} if self else {}
+        ret = OrderedDict()
+        if not self:
+            return ret
+
+        ret[self.name] = self.value
+        if self.size is not None:
+            ret[self.PARAM_SIZE] = self.size
+        if self.nfiles is not None:
+            ret[self.PARAM_NFILES] = self.nfiles
+        return ret
 
     @property
     def isdir(self):

dvc/ignore.py

@@ -49,13 +49,11 @@ class DvcIgnorePatterns(DvcIgnore):
         ]
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_files(cls, ignore_file_path, tree):
+    def from_files(cls, ignore_file_path, fs):
         assert os.path.isabs(ignore_file_path)
         dirname = os.path.normpath(os.path.dirname(ignore_file_path))
-        ignore_file_rel_path = os.path.relpath(
-            ignore_file_path, tree.tree_root
-        )
-        with tree.open(ignore_file_path, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
+        ignore_file_rel_path = os.path.relpath(ignore_file_path, fs.fs_root)
+        with fs.open(ignore_file_path, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
             path_spec_lines = [
                 PatternInfo(
                     line,
@@ -91,45 +89,50 @@ class DvcIgnorePatterns(DvcIgnore):
             path = normalize_file(path)
         return path
 
-    def matches(self, dirname, basename, is_dir=False):
+    def matches(self, dirname, basename, is_dir=False, details: bool = False):
         path = self._get_normalize_path(dirname, basename)
         if not path:
             return False
+
+        if details:
+            return self._ignore_details(path, is_dir)
         return self.ignore(path, is_dir)
 
     def ignore(self, path, is_dir):
+        def matches(pattern, path, is_dir) -> bool:
+            matches_ = bool(pattern.match(path))
+
+            if is_dir:
+                matches_ |= bool(pattern.match(f"{path}/"))
+
+            return matches_
+
         result = False
-        if is_dir:
-            path_dir = f"{path}/"
-            for ignore, pattern in self.ignore_spec:
-                if pattern.match(path) or pattern.match(path_dir):
-                    result = ignore
-        else:
-            for ignore, pattern in self.ignore_spec:
-                if pattern.match(path):
-                    result = ignore
+
+        for ignore, pattern in self.ignore_spec[::-1]:
+            if matches(pattern, path, is_dir):
+                result = ignore
+                break
         return result
 
-    def match_details(self, dirname, basename, is_dir=False):
-        path = self._get_normalize_path(dirname, basename)
-        if not path:
-            return False
-        return self._ignore_details(path, is_dir)
-
-    def _ignore_details(self, path, is_dir):
+    def _ignore_details(self, path, is_dir: bool):
         result = []
-        for ignore, pattern in zip(self.regex_pattern_list, self.pattern_list):
-            regex = re.compile(ignore[0])
+        for (regex, _), pattern_info in list(
+            zip(self.regex_pattern_list, self.pattern_list)
+        ):
             # skip system pattern
-            if not pattern.file_info:
+            if not pattern_info.file_info:
                 continue
+
+            regex = re.compile(regex)
+
+            matches = bool(regex.match(path))
             if is_dir:
-                path_dir = f"{path}/"
-                if regex.match(path) or regex.match(path_dir):
-                    result.append(pattern.file_info)
-            else:
-                if regex.match(path):
-                    result.append(pattern.file_info)
+                matches |= bool(regex.match(f"{path}/"))
+
+            if matches:
+                result.append(pattern_info.file_info)
+
         return result
 
     def __hash__(self):
@@ -157,7 +160,7 @@ def _no_match(path):
 
 
 class DvcIgnoreFilterNoop:
-    def __init__(self, tree, root_dir):
+    def __init__(self, fs, root_dir):
         pass
 
     def __call__(self, root, dirs, files, **kwargs):
@@ -177,39 +180,35 @@ class DvcIgnoreFilterNoop:
 
 
 class DvcIgnoreFilter:
-    @staticmethod
-    def _is_dvc_repo(root, directory):
-        from dvc.repo import Repo
-
-        return os.path.isdir(os.path.join(root, directory, Repo.DVC_DIR))
-
-    def __init__(self, tree, root_dir):
+    def __init__(self, fs, root_dir):
         from dvc.repo import Repo
 
         default_ignore_patterns = [".hg/", ".git/", "{}/".format(Repo.DVC_DIR)]
 
-        self.tree = tree
+        self.fs = fs
         self.root_dir = root_dir
-        self.ignores_trie_tree = PathStringTrie()
-        self.ignores_trie_tree[root_dir] = DvcIgnorePatterns(
+        self.ignores_trie_fs = PathStringTrie()
+        self.ignores_trie_fs[root_dir] = DvcIgnorePatterns(
             default_ignore_patterns, root_dir
         )
         self._ignored_subrepos = PathStringTrie()
         self._update(self.root_dir)
 
     def _update(self, dirname):
-        old_pattern = self.ignores_trie_tree.longest_prefix(dirname).value
+        self._update_sub_repo(dirname)
+
+        old_pattern = self.ignores_trie_fs.longest_prefix(dirname).value
         matches = old_pattern.matches(dirname, DvcIgnore.DVCIGNORE_FILE, False)
 
         ignore_file_path = os.path.join(dirname, DvcIgnore.DVCIGNORE_FILE)
-        if not matches and self.tree.exists(
+        if not matches and self.fs.exists(
             ignore_file_path, use_dvcignore=False
         ):
             new_pattern = DvcIgnorePatterns.from_files(
-                ignore_file_path, self.tree
+                ignore_file_path, self.fs
             )
             if old_pattern:
-                self.ignores_trie_tree[dirname] = DvcIgnorePatterns(
+                self.ignores_trie_fs[dirname] = DvcIgnorePatterns(
                     *merge_patterns(
                         old_pattern.pattern_list,
                         old_pattern.dirname,
@@ -218,39 +217,43 @@ class DvcIgnoreFilter:
                     )
                 )
             else:
-                self.ignores_trie_tree[dirname] = new_pattern
+                self.ignores_trie_fs[dirname] = new_pattern
         elif old_pattern:
-            self.ignores_trie_tree[dirname] = old_pattern
+            self.ignores_trie_fs[dirname] = old_pattern
 
-        # NOTE: using `walk` + `break` because tree doesn't have `listdir()`
-        for root, dirs, _ in self.tree.walk(dirname, use_dvcignore=False):
-            self._update_sub_repo(root, dirs)
-            break
+    def _update_sub_repo(self, path):
+        from dvc.repo import Repo
 
-    def _update_sub_repo(self, root, dirs):
-        for d in dirs:
-            if self._is_dvc_repo(root, d):
-                self._ignored_subrepos[root] = self._ignored_subrepos.get(
-                    root, set()
-                ) | {d}
-                pattern_info = PatternInfo(
-                    f"/{d}/", "in sub_repo:{}".format(d)
+        if path == self.root_dir:
+            return
+
+        dvc_dir = os.path.join(path, Repo.DVC_DIR)
+        if not os.path.exists(dvc_dir):
+            return
+
+        root, dname = os.path.split(path)
+        self._ignored_subrepos[root] = self._ignored_subrepos.get(
+            root, set()
+        ) | {dname}
+        pattern_info = PatternInfo(f"/{dname}/", f"in sub_repo:{dname}")
+        new_pattern = DvcIgnorePatterns([pattern_info], root)
+        old_pattern = self.ignores_trie_fs.longest_prefix(root).value
+        if old_pattern:
+            self.ignores_trie_fs[root] = DvcIgnorePatterns(
+                *merge_patterns(
+                    old_pattern.pattern_list,
+                    old_pattern.dirname,
+                    new_pattern.pattern_list,
+                    new_pattern.dirname,
                 )
-                new_pattern = DvcIgnorePatterns([pattern_info], root)
-                old_pattern = self.ignores_trie_tree.longest_prefix(root).value
-                if old_pattern:
-                    self.ignores_trie_tree[root] = DvcIgnorePatterns(
-                        *merge_patterns(
-                            old_pattern.pattern_list,
-                            old_pattern.dirname,
-                            new_pattern.pattern_list,
-                            new_pattern.dirname,
-                        )
-                    )
-                else:
-                    self.ignores_trie_tree[root] = new_pattern
+            )
+        else:
+            self.ignores_trie_fs[root] = new_pattern
 
     def __call__(self, root, dirs, files, ignore_subrepos=True):
+        for dname in dirs:
+            self._update_sub_repo(os.path.join(root, dname))
+
         ignore_pattern = self._get_trie_pattern(root)
         if ignore_pattern:
             dirs, files = ignore_pattern(root, dirs, files)
@@ -259,11 +262,11 @@ class DvcIgnoreFilter:
         return dirs, files
 
     def _get_trie_pattern(self, dirname):
-        ignore_pattern = self.ignores_trie_tree.get(dirname)
+        ignore_pattern = self.ignores_trie_fs.get(dirname)
         if ignore_pattern:
             return ignore_pattern
 
-        prefix = self.ignores_trie_tree.longest_prefix(dirname).key
+        prefix = self.ignores_trie_fs.longest_prefix(dirname).key
         if not prefix:
             # outside of the repo
             return None
@@ -280,7 +283,7 @@ class DvcIgnoreFilter:
         for parent in dirs:
             self._update(parent)
 
-        return self.ignores_trie_tree.get(dirname)
+        return self.ignores_trie_fs.get(dirname)
 
     def _is_ignored(self, path, is_dir=False):
         if self._outside_repo(path):
@@ -289,8 +292,7 @@ class DvcIgnoreFilter:
         ignore_pattern = self._get_trie_pattern(dirname)
         if ignore_pattern:
             return ignore_pattern.matches(dirname, basename, is_dir)
-        else:
-            return False
+        return False
 
     def _is_subrepo(self, path):
         dirname, basename = os.path.split(os.path.normpath(path))
@@ -324,13 +326,15 @@ class DvcIgnoreFilter:
         return False
 
     def check_ignore(self, target):
+        # NOTE: can only be used in `dvc check-ignore`, see
+        # https://github.com/iterative/dvc/issues/5046
         full_target = os.path.abspath(target)
         if not self._outside_repo(full_target):
             dirname, basename = os.path.split(os.path.normpath(full_target))
             pattern = self._get_trie_pattern(dirname)
             if pattern:
-                matches = pattern.match_details(
-                    dirname, basename, os.path.isdir(full_target)
+                matches = pattern.matches(
+                    dirname, basename, os.path.isdir(full_target), True,
                 )
 
                 if matches:
@@ -340,7 +344,11 @@ class DvcIgnoreFilter:
     def is_ignored(self, path):
         # NOTE: can't use self.check_ignore(path).match for now, see
         # https://github.com/iterative/dvc/issues/4555
-        return self.is_ignored_dir(path) or self.is_ignored_file(path)
+        if os.path.isfile(path):
+            return self.is_ignored_file(path)
+        if os.path.isdir(path):
+            return self.is_ignored_dir(path)
+        return self.is_ignored_file(path) or self.is_ignored_dir(path)
 
 
 def init(path):

dvc/info.py

@@ -4,20 +4,17 @@ import pathlib
 import platform
 import uuid
 
+import psutil
+
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException, NotDvcRepoError
+from dvc.fs import FS_MAP, get_fs_cls, get_fs_config
 from dvc.repo import Repo
 from dvc.scm.base import SCMError
 from dvc.system import System
-from dvc.tree import TREES
 from dvc.utils import error_link
 from dvc.utils.pkg import PKG
 from dvc.version import __version__
 
-try:
-    import psutil
-except ImportError:
-    psutil = None
-
 if PKG is None:
     package = ""
 else:
@@ -40,29 +37,51 @@ def get_dvc_info():
         # can't auto-create it, as it might cause issues if the user
         # later decides to enable shared cache mode with
         # `dvc config cache.shared group`.
-        if os.path.exists(repo.cache.local.cache_dir):
+        if os.path.exists(repo.odb.local.cache_dir):
             info.append(
                 "Cache types: {}".format(_get_linktype_support_info(repo))
             )
-            if psutil:
-                fs_type = get_fs_type(repo.cache.local.cache_dir)
-                info.append(f"Cache directory: {fs_type}")
+            fs_type = get_fs_type(repo.odb.local.cache_dir)
+            info.append(f"Cache directory: {fs_type}")
         else:
             info.append("Cache types: " + error_link("no-dvc-cache"))
 
+        info.append(f"Caches: {_get_caches(repo.odb)}")
+
+        info.append(f"Remotes: {_get_remotes(repo.config)}")
+
     except NotDvcRepoError:
         pass
     except SCMError:
         info.append("Repo: dvc, git (broken)")
     else:
         root_directory = repo.root_dir
-        if psutil:
-            fs_root = get_fs_type(os.path.abspath(root_directory))
-            info.append(f"Workspace directory: {fs_root}")
+        fs_root = get_fs_type(os.path.abspath(root_directory))
+        info.append(f"Workspace directory: {fs_root}")
         info.append("Repo: {}".format(_get_dvc_repo_info(repo)))
     return "\n".join(info)
 
 
+def _get_caches(cache):
+    caches = (
+        cache_type
+        for cache_type, cache_instance in cache.by_scheme()
+        if cache_instance
+    )
+
+    # Caches will be always non-empty including the local cache
+    return ", ".join(caches)
+
+
+def _get_remotes(config):
+    schemes = (
+        get_fs_cls(get_fs_config(config, name=remote)).scheme
+        for remote in config["remote"]
+    )
+
+    return ", ".join(schemes) or "None"
+
+
 def _get_linktype_support_info(repo):
 
     links = {
@@ -72,7 +91,7 @@ def _get_linktype_support_info(repo):
     }
 
     fname = "." + str(uuid.uuid4())
-    src = os.path.join(repo.cache.local.cache_dir, fname)
+    src = os.path.join(repo.odb.local.cache_dir, fname)
     open(src, "w").close()
     dst = os.path.join(repo.root_dir, fname)
 
@@ -98,11 +117,11 @@ def _get_linktype_support_info(repo):
 def _get_supported_remotes():
 
     supported_remotes = []
-    for tree_cls in TREES:
-        if not tree_cls.get_missing_deps():
-            supported_remotes.append(tree_cls.scheme)
+    for scheme, fs_cls in FS_MAP.items():
+        if not fs_cls.get_missing_deps():
+            supported_remotes.append(scheme)
 
-    if len(supported_remotes) == len(TREES):
+    if len(supported_remotes) == len(FS_MAP):
         return "All remotes"
 
     if len(supported_remotes) == 1:
@@ -118,7 +137,8 @@ def get_fs_type(path):
         for part in psutil.disk_partitions(all=True)
     }
 
-    path = pathlib.Path(path)
+    # need to follow the symlink: https://github.com/iterative/dvc/issues/5065
+    path = pathlib.Path(path).resolve()
 
     for parent in itertools.chain([path], path.parents):
         if parent in partition:

dvc/istextfile.py

@@ -7,19 +7,7 @@
 TEXT_CHARS = bytes(range(32, 127)) + b"\n\r\t\f\b"
 
 
-def istextfile(fname, blocksize=512, tree=None):
-    """ Uses heuristics to guess whether the given file is text or binary,
-        by reading a single block of bytes from the file.
-        If more than 30% of the chars in the block are non-text, or there
-        are NUL ('\x00') bytes in the block, assume this is a binary file.
-    """
-    if tree:
-        open_func = tree.open
-    else:
-        open_func = open
-    with open_func(fname, "rb") as fobj:
-        block = fobj.read(blocksize)
-
+def istextblock(block):
     if not block:
         # An empty file is considered a valid text file
         return True
@@ -32,3 +20,14 @@ def istextfile(fname, blocksize=512, tree=None):
     # occurrences of TEXT_CHARS from the block
     nontext = block.translate(None, TEXT_CHARS)
     return float(len(nontext)) / len(block) <= 0.30
+
+
+def istextfile(fname, fs, blocksize=512):
+    """ Uses heuristics to guess whether the given file is text or binary,
+        by reading a single block of bytes from the file.
+        If more than 30% of the chars in the block are non-text, or there
+        are NUL ('\x00') bytes in the block, assume this is a binary file.
+    """
+    with fs.open(fname, "rb") as fobj:
+        block = fobj.read(blocksize)
+    return istextblock(block)

dvc/lock.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import hashlib
 import os
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from datetime import timedelta
 
 import flufl.lock
@@ -14,10 +15,13 @@ from dvc.utils import format_link
 
 DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 3
 
+
 FAILED_TO_LOCK_MESSAGE = (
-    "cannot perform the command because another DVC process seems to be "
-    "running on this project. If that is not the case, manually remove "
-    "`.dvc/tmp/lock` and try again."
+    "Unable to acquire lock. Most likely another DVC process is running or "
+    "was terminated abruptly. Check the page {} for other possible reasons "
+    "and to learn how to resolve this."
+).format(
+    format_link("https://dvc.org/doc/user-guide/troubleshooting#lock-issue")
 )
 
 
@@ -25,20 +29,74 @@ class LockError(DvcException):
     """Thrown when unable to acquire the lock for DVC repo."""
 
 
-class Lock:
+class LockBase(ABC):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __init__(self, lockfile):
+        self._lockfile = lockfile
+
+    @property
+    def lockfile(self):
+        return self._lockfile
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def lock(self):
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def unlock(self):
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_locked(self):
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __enter__(self):
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __exit__(self, typ, value, tbck):
+        pass
+
+
+class LockNoop(LockBase):
+    def __init__(
+        self, *args, **kwargs
+    ):  # pylint: disable=super-init-not-called
+        self._lock = False
+
+    def lock(self):
+        self._lock = True
+
+    def unlock(self):
+        self._lock = False
+
+    @property
+    def is_locked(self):
+        return self._lock
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.lock()
+
+    def __exit__(self, typ, value, tbck):
+        self.unlock()
+
+
+class Lock(LockBase):
     """Class for DVC repo lock.
 
     Uses zc.lockfile as backend.
     """
 
     def __init__(self, lockfile, friendly=False, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(lockfile)
         self._friendly = friendly
-        self.lockfile = lockfile
         self._lock = None
 
     @property
     def files(self):
-        return [self.lockfile]
+        return [self._lockfile]
 
     def _do_lock(self):
         try:
@@ -51,7 +109,7 @@ class Lock:
                     )
                 ),
             ):
-                self._lock = zc.lockfile.LockFile(self.lockfile)
+                self._lock = zc.lockfile.LockFile(self._lockfile)
         except zc.lockfile.LockError:
             raise LockError(FAILED_TO_LOCK_MESSAGE)
 
@@ -76,7 +134,7 @@ class Lock:
         self.unlock()
 
 
-class HardlinkLock(flufl.lock.Lock):
+class HardlinkLock(flufl.lock.Lock, LockBase):
     """Class for DVC repo lock.
 
     Args:
@@ -91,6 +149,7 @@ class HardlinkLock(flufl.lock.Lock):
         import socket
 
         self._tmp_dir = tmp_dir
+        super().__init__(lockfile)
 
         # NOTE: this is basically Lock.__init__ copy-paste, except that
         # instead of using `socket.getfqdn()` we use `socket.gethostname()`
@@ -105,17 +164,12 @@ class HardlinkLock(flufl.lock.Lock):
         # [1] https://github.com/iterative/dvc/issues/2582
         self._hostname = socket.gethostname()
 
-        self._lockfile = lockfile
         self._lifetime = timedelta(days=365)  # Lock for good by default
         self._separator = flufl.lock.SEP
         self._set_claimfile()
         self._owned = True
         self._retry_errnos = []
 
-    @property
-    def lockfile(self):
-        return self._lockfile
-
     def lock(self):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
         try:
             super().lock(timedelta(seconds=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT))

dvc/main.py

@@ -1,17 +1,11 @@
 """Main entry point for dvc CLI."""
-
-import errno
 import logging
-from contextlib import contextmanager
 
-from dvc import analytics
+from dvc._debug import debugtools
 from dvc.cli import parse_args
 from dvc.config import ConfigError
 from dvc.exceptions import DvcException, DvcParserError, NotDvcRepoError
-from dvc.external_repo import clean_repos
 from dvc.logger import FOOTER, disable_other_loggers
-from dvc.tree.pool import close_pools
-from dvc.utils import error_link
 
 # Workaround for CPython bug. See [1] and [2] for more info.
 # [1] https://github.com/aws/aws-cli/blob/1.16.277/awscli/clidriver.py#L55
@@ -22,26 +16,6 @@ from dvc.utils import error_link
 logger = logging.getLogger("dvc")
 
 
-@contextmanager
-def profile(enable, dump):
-    if not enable:
-        yield
-        return
-
-    import cProfile
-
-    prof = cProfile.Profile()
-    prof.enable()
-
-    yield
-
-    prof.disable()
-    if not dump:
-        prof.print_stats(sort="cumtime")
-        return
-    prof.dump_stats(dump)
-
-
 def main(argv=None):  # noqa: C901
     """Run dvc CLI command.
 
@@ -71,7 +45,7 @@ def main(argv=None):  # noqa: C901
 
         logger.trace(args)
 
-        with profile(enable=args.cprofile, dump=args.cprofile_dump):
+        with debugtools(args):
             cmd = args.func(args)
             ret = cmd.run()
     except ConfigError:
@@ -90,7 +64,11 @@ def main(argv=None):  # noqa: C901
         logger.exception("")
     except Exception as exc:  # noqa, pylint: disable=broad-except
         # pylint: disable=no-member
+        import errno
+
         if isinstance(exc, OSError) and exc.errno == errno.EMFILE:
+            from dvc.utils import error_link
+
             logger.exception(
                 "too many open files, please visit "
                 "{} to see how to handle this "
@@ -101,12 +79,16 @@ def main(argv=None):  # noqa: C901
             from dvc.info import get_dvc_info
 
             logger.exception("unexpected error")
-            logger.info(FOOTER)
+
             dvc_info = get_dvc_info()
-            logger.info(dvc_info)
+            logger.debug("Version info for developers:\n%s", dvc_info)
+
+            logger.info(FOOTER)
         ret = 255
 
     try:
+        from dvc import analytics
+
         if analytics.is_enabled():
             analytics.collect_and_send_report(args, ret)
 
@@ -114,11 +96,15 @@ def main(argv=None):  # noqa: C901
     finally:
         logger.setLevel(outerLogLevel)
 
+        from dvc.fs.pool import close_pools
+
         # Closing pools by-hand to prevent weird messages when closing SSH
         # connections. See https://github.com/iterative/dvc/issues/3248 for
         # more info.
         close_pools()
 
+        from dvc.external_repo import clean_repos
+
         # Remove cached repos in the end of the call, these are anonymous
         # so won't be reused by any other subsequent run anyway.
         clean_repos()