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Andy (Steve) De GeorgeandGenevieve Warren
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73 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
73 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: How to get or set main app window
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description: Learn about how to get and set the main application window for a Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) application. The main window of an application is typically the startup window. This is sometimes specified by the StartupUri property.
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ms.date: "03/24/2021"
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dev_langs:
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- "csharp"
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- "vb"
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helpviewer_keywords:
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- "windows objects [WPF], setting"
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- "setting windows objects [WPF]"
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- "windows objects [WPF], getting"
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- "getting windows objects [WPF]"
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---
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# How to get or set the main application window (WPF .NET)
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This article teaches you how to get or set the main application window for Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF). The first <xref:System.Windows.Window> that is instantiated within a WPF application is automatically set by <xref:System.Windows.Application> as the main application window. The main window is referenced with the <xref:System.Windows.Application.MainWindow%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> property.
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Much of the time a project template will set the <xref:System.Windows.Application.StartupUri%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> to a XAML file within your application, such as :::no-loc text="_Window1.xaml_":::. This is the first window instantiated and shown by your application, and it becomes the main window.
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> [!TIP]
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>The default behavior for an application is to shutdown when the last window is closed. This behavior is controlled by the <xref:System.Windows.Application.ShutdownMode%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> property. Instead, you can configure the application to shutdown if the <xref:System.Windows.Application.MainWindow%2A> is closed. Set <xref:System.Windows.Application.ShutdownMode%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> to <xref:System.Windows.ShutdownMode.OnMainWindowClose> to enable this behavior.
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## Set the main window in XAML
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The templates that generate your WPF application typically set the <xref:System.Windows.Application.StartupUri%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> property to a XAML file. This property is helpful because:
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01. It's easily changeable to a different XAML file in your project.
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01. Automatically instantiates and displays the specified window.
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01. The specified window becomes the <xref:System.Windows.Application.MainWindow%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType>.
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:::code language="xaml" source="snippets/how-to-get-set-main-application-window/csharp/App.xaml" highlight="5" :::
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Instead of using <xref:System.Windows.Application.StartupUri%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType>, you can set the <xref:System.Windows.Application.MainWindow%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> to a XAML-declared window. However, the window specified here won't be displayed and you must set its visibility.
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:::code language="xaml" source="snippets/how-to-get-set-main-application-window_2/csharp/App.xaml" highlight="6-8" :::
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> [!CAUTION]
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> If you set both the <xref:System.Windows.Application.StartupUri%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> and the <xref:System.Windows.Application.MainWindow%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> properties, you'll display both windows when your application starts.
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Also, you can use the <xref:System.Windows.Application.Startup?displayProperty=nameWithType> event to open a window. For more information, see [Use the Startup event to open a window](index.md#opening-a-window).
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## Set the main window in code
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The first window instantiated by your application automatically becomes the main window and is set to the <xref:System.Windows.Application.MainWindow%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> property. To set a different main window, change this property to a window:
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:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-get-set-main-application-window/csharp/App.xaml.cs" id="MainWindowDirect":::
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:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-get-set-main-application-window/vb/Application.xaml.vb" id="MainWindowDirect":::
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If your application has never created an instance of a window, the following code is functionally equivalent to the previous code:
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:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-get-set-main-application-window/csharp/App.xaml.cs" id="MainWindowIndirect":::
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:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-get-set-main-application-window/vb/Application.xaml.vb" id="MainWindowIndirect":::
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As soon as the window object instance is created, it's assigned to <xref:System.Windows.Application.MainWindow%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType>.
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## Get the main window
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You can access the window chosen as the main window by inspecting the <xref:System.Windows.Application.MainWindow%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> property. The following code displays a message box with the title of the main window when a button is clicked:
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:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-get-set-main-application-window/csharp/Window1.xaml.cs" id="GetMainWindow":::
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:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-get-set-main-application-window/vb/Window1.xaml.vb" id="GetMainWindow":::
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## See also
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- [Overview of WPF windows](index.md)
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- [Use the Startup event to open a window](index.md#opening-a-window)
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- [How to open a window or dialog box](how-to-open-window-dialog-box.md)
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- <xref:System.Windows.Application?displayProperty=fullName>
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- <xref:System.Windows.Application.MainWindow?displayProperty=fullName>
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- <xref:System.Windows.Application.StartupUri?displayProperty=fullName>
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- <xref:System.Windows.Application.ShutdownMode?displayProperty=fullName>
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