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58 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
58 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Menu Overview"
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ms.date: "03/30/2017"
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helpviewer_keywords:
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- "Menu control [WPF]"
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- "controls [WPF], Menu"
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ms.assetid: 67df6de5-db96-4c71-b752-af90729a6537
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---
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# Menu Overview
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The <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu> class enables you to organize elements associated with commands and event handlers in a hierarchical order. Each <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu> element contains a collection of <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem> elements.
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<a name="menu_control"></a>
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## Menu Control
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The <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu> control presents a list of items that specify commands or options for an application. Typically, clicking a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem> opens a submenu or causes an application to carry out a command.
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<a name="creating_menus"></a>
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## Creating Menus
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The following example creates a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu> to manipulate text in a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.TextBox>. The <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu> contains <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem> objects that use the <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.Command%2A>, <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.IsCheckable%2A>, and <xref:System.Windows.Controls.HeaderedItemsControl.Header%2A> properties and the <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.Checked>, <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.Unchecked>, and <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.Click> events.
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[!code-xaml[MenuItemCommandsAndEvents#1](~/samples/snippets/csharp/VS_Snippets_Wpf/MenuItemCommandsAndEvents/CSharp/Window1.xaml#1)]
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[!code-csharp[MenuItemCommandsAndEvents#2](~/samples/snippets/csharp/VS_Snippets_Wpf/MenuItemCommandsAndEvents/CSharp/Window1.xaml.cs#2)]
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[!code-vb[MenuItemCommandsAndEvents#2](~/samples/snippets/visualbasic/VS_Snippets_Wpf/MenuItemCommandsAndEvents/VisualBasic/Window1.xaml.vb#2)]
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<a name="menus_with_shortcutkeys"></a>
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## MenuItems with Keyboard Shortcuts
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Keyboard shortcuts are character combinations that can be entered with the keyboard to invoke <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu> commands. For example, the shortcut for **Copy** is CTRL+C. There are two properties to use with keyboard shortcuts and menu items —<xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.InputGestureText%2A> or <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.Command%2A>.
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<a name="menus_inputgesturetext"></a>
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### InputGestureText
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The following example shows how to use the <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.InputGestureText%2A> property to assign keyboard shortcut text to <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem> controls. This only places the keyboard shortcut in the menu item. It does not associate the command with the <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem>. The application must handle the user's input to carry out the action.
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[!code-xaml[MenuEvent#6](~/samples/snippets/csharp/VS_Snippets_Wpf/MenuEvent/CSharp/Pane1.xaml#6)]
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<a name="menus_commands"></a>
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### Command
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The following example shows how to use the <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.Command%2A> property to associate the **Open** and **Save** commands with <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem> controls. Not only does the command property associate a command with a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem>, but it also supplies the input gesture text to use as a shortcut.
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[!code-xaml[MenuEvent#8](~/samples/snippets/csharp/VS_Snippets_Wpf/MenuEvent/CSharp/Pane1.xaml#8)]
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The <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem> class also has a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.CommandTarget%2A> property, which specifies the element where the command occurs. If <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem.CommandTarget%2A> is not set, the element that has keyboard focus receives the command. For more information about commands, see [Commanding Overview](../advanced/commanding-overview.md).
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<a name="menu_styling"></a>
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## Menu Styling
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With control styling, you can dramatically change the appearance and behavior of <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu> controls without having to write a custom control. In addition to setting visual properties, you can also apply a <xref:System.Windows.Style> to individual parts of a control, change the behavior of parts of the control through properties, or add additional parts or change the layout of a control. The following examples demonstrate several ways to add a <xref:System.Windows.Style> to a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu> control.
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The first code example defines a <xref:System.Windows.Style> called `Simple` that shows how to use the current system settings in your style. The code assigns the color of the `MenuHighlightBrush` as the menu's background color and the `MenuTextBrush` as the menu's foreground color. Notice that you use resource keys to assign the brushes.
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[!code-xaml[MenuStylesSnippet#1](~/samples/snippets/csharp/VS_Snippets_Wpf/MenuStylesSnippet/CS/app.xaml#1)]
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The following sample uses <xref:System.Windows.Trigger> elements that enable you to change the appearance of a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem> in response to events that occur on the <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu>. When you move the mouse over the <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Menu>, the foreground color and the font characteristics of the menu items change.
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[!code-xaml[MenuStylesSnippet#2](~/samples/snippets/csharp/VS_Snippets_Wpf/MenuStylesSnippet/CS/app.xaml#2)]
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## See also
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- [WPF Controls Gallery Sample](https://github.com/Microsoft/WPF-Samples/tree/master/Getting%20Started/ControlsAndLayout)
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