Links: .NET Desktop - framework\wpf (#109)

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Co-authored-by: Andy De George <[email protected]>

dotnet-desktop-guide/framework/wpf/advanced/alignment-margins-and-padding-overview.md

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 ms.assetid: 9c6a2009-9b86-4e40-8605-0a2664dc3973
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 # Alignment, Margins, and Padding Overview
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 The <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement> class exposes several properties that are used to precisely position child elements. This topic discusses four of the most important properties: <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.HorizontalAlignment%2A>, <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A>, <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border.Padding%2A>, and <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.VerticalAlignment%2A>. The effects of these properties are important to understand, because they provide the basis for controlling the position of elements in [!INCLUDE[TLA#tla_winclient](../../../includes/tlasharptla-winclient-md.md)] applications.  
 
 <a name="wcpsdk_layout_amp_introduction"></a>
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 ## Introduction to Element Positioning  
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  There are numerous ways to position elements using [!INCLUDE[TLA2#tla_winclient](../../../includes/tla2sharptla-winclient-md.md)]. However, achieving ideal layout goes beyond simply choosing the right <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Panel> element. Fine control of positioning requires an understanding of the <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.HorizontalAlignment%2A>, <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A>, <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border.Padding%2A>, and <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.VerticalAlignment%2A> properties.  
   
  The following illustration shows a layout scenario that utilizes several positioning properties.  
@@ -35,14 +38,18 @@ The <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement> class exposes several properties that
  ![Positioning Properties with Screen Call&#45;outs](./media/layout-margins-padding-alignment-graphic2.PNG "layout_margins_padding_alignment_graphic2")  
   
 <a name="wcpsdk_layout_amp_alignment_properties"></a>
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 ## Understanding Alignment Properties  
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  The <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.HorizontalAlignment%2A> and <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.VerticalAlignment%2A> properties describe how a child element should be positioned within a parent element's allocated layout space. By using these properties together, you can position child elements precisely. For example, child elements of a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.DockPanel> can specify four different horizontal alignments: <xref:System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left>, <xref:System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Right>, or <xref:System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center>, or to <xref:System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Stretch> to fill available space. Similar values are available for vertical positioning.  
   
 > [!NOTE]
 > Explicitly-set <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Height%2A> and <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Width%2A> properties on an element take precedence over the <xref:System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Stretch> property value. Attempting to set <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Height%2A>, <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Width%2A>, and a <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.HorizontalAlignment%2A> value of `Stretch` results in the `Stretch` request being ignored.  
   
 <a name="wcpsdk_layout_amp_horizontalalignment_properties"></a>
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 ### HorizontalAlignment Property  
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  The <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.HorizontalAlignment%2A> property declares the horizontal alignment characteristics to apply to child elements. The following table shows each of the possible values of the <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.HorizontalAlignment%2A> property.  
   
 |Member|Description|  
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  ![HorizontalAlignment Sample](./media/layout-horizontal-alignment-graphic.PNG "layout_horizontal_alignment_graphic")  
   
 <a name="wcpsdk_layout_amp_verticalalignment_properties"></a>
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 ### VerticalAlignment Property  
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  The <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.VerticalAlignment%2A> property describes the vertical alignment characteristics to apply to child elements. The following table shows each of the possible values for the <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.VerticalAlignment%2A> property.  
   
 |Member|Description|  
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  ![VerticalAlignment property sample](./media/layout-vertical-alignment-graphic.PNG "layout_vertical_alignment_graphic")  
   
 <a name="wcpsdk_layout_amp_margin_properties"></a>
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 ## Understanding Margin Properties  
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  The <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A> property describes the distance between an element and its child or peers. <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A> values can be uniform, by using syntax like `Margin="20"`. With this syntax, a uniform <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A> of 20 device independent pixels would be applied to the element. <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A> values can also take the form of four distinct values, each value describing a distinct margin to apply to the left, top, right, and bottom (in that order), like `Margin="0,10,5,25"`. Proper use of the <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A> property enables very fine control of an element's rendering position and the rendering position of its neighbor elements and children.  
   
 > [!NOTE]
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  [!code-xaml[MarginPaddingAlignmentSample#2](~/samples/snippets/xaml/VS_Snippets_Wpf/MarginPaddingAlignmentSample/XAML/default.xaml#2)]  
   
 <a name="wcpsdk_layout_amp_padding_properties"></a>
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 ## Understanding the Padding Property  
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  Padding is similar to <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A> in most respects. The Padding property is exposed on only on a few classes, primarily as a convenience: <xref:System.Windows.Documents.Block>, <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border>, <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Control>, and <xref:System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock> are samples of classes that expose a Padding property. The <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border.Padding%2A> property enlarges the effective size of a child element by the specified <xref:System.Windows.Thickness> value.  
   
  The following example shows how to apply <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border.Padding%2A> to a parent <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border> element.  
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  [!code-xaml[MarginPaddingAlignmentSample#3](~/samples/snippets/xaml/VS_Snippets_Wpf/MarginPaddingAlignmentSample/XAML/default.xaml#3)]  
   
 <a name="wcpsdk_layout_amp_summary"></a>
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 ## Using Alignment, Margins, and Padding in an Application  
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  <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.HorizontalAlignment%2A>, <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A>, <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border.Padding%2A>, and <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.VerticalAlignment%2A> provide the positioning control necessary to create a complex [!INCLUDE[TLA#tla_ui](../../../includes/tlasharptla-ui-md.md)]. You can use the effects of each property to change child-element positioning, enabling flexibility in creating dynamic applications and user experiences.  
   
  The following example demonstrates each of the concepts that are detailed in this topic. Building on the infrastructure found in the first sample in this topic, this example adds a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Grid> element as a child of the <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border> in the first sample. <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border.Padding%2A> is applied to the parent <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Border> element. The <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Grid> is used to partition space between three child <xref:System.Windows.Controls.StackPanel> elements. <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Button> elements are again used to show the various effects of <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A> and <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.HorizontalAlignment%2A>. <xref:System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock> elements are added to each <xref:System.Windows.Controls.ColumnDefinition> to better define the various properties applied to the <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Button> elements in each column.  
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  ![Several positioning properties in one application](./media/layout-margins-padding-aligment-graphic3.PNG "layout_margins_padding_aligment_graphic3")  
   
 <a name="wcpsdk_layout_amp_alignment_whatsnext"></a>
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 ## What's Next  
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  Positioning properties defined by the <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement> class enable fine control of element placement within [!INCLUDE[TLA2#tla_winclient](../../../includes/tla2sharptla-winclient-md.md)] applications. You now have several techniques you can use to better position elements using [!INCLUDE[TLA2#tla_winclient](../../../includes/tla2sharptla-winclient-md.md)].  
   
  Additional resources are available that explain [!INCLUDE[TLA2#tla_winclient](../../../includes/tla2sharptla-winclient-md.md)] layout in greater detail. The [Panels Overview](../controls/panels-overview.md) topic contains more detail about the various <xref:System.Windows.Controls.Panel> elements. The topic [Walkthrough: My first WPF desktop application](../getting-started/walkthrough-my-first-wpf-desktop-application.md) introduces advanced techniques that use layout elements to position components and bind their actions to data sources.  
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 - <xref:System.Windows.FrameworkElement.Margin%2A>
 - [Panels Overview](../controls/panels-overview.md)
 - [Layout](layout.md)
-- [WPF Layout Gallery Sample](https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=160054)
+- [WPF Layout Gallery Sample](https://github.com/microsoft/WPF-Samples/tree/master/Getting%20Started/ControlsAndLayout)