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Co-authored-by: Genevieve Warren <[email protected]>
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dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/events.md
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---
title: "Using keyboard events"
description: Overview of using keyboard events to handle keyboard input. This article provides a list of keyboard-related events and when to use them.
ms.date: 10/26/2020
ms.topic: overview
dev_langs:
- "csharp"
- "vb"
helpviewer_keywords:
- "KeyPress event [Windows Forms]"
- "keyboards [Windows Forms], keyboard events"
- "KeyUp event"
- "KeyDown event"
- "keyboard events"
- "events [Windows Forms], keyboard"
---
# Using keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)
Most Windows Forms programs process keyboard input by handling the keyboard events. This article provides an overview of the keyboard events, including details on when to use each event and the data that is supplied for each event. For more information about events in general, see [Events overview (Windows Forms .NET)](../forms/events.md).
[!INCLUDE [desktop guide under construction](../../includes/desktop-guide-preview-note.md)]
## Keyboard events
Windows Forms provides two events that occur when a user presses a keyboard key and one event when a user releases a keyboard key:
- The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event occurs once.
- The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event, which can occur multiple times when a user holds down the same key.
- The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyUp> event occurs once when a user releases a key.
When a user presses a key, Windows Forms determines which event to raise based on whether the keyboard message specifies a character key or a physical key. For more information about character and physical keys, see [Keyboard overview, keyboard events](overview.md#keyboard-events).
The following table describes the three keyboard events.
|Keyboard event|Description|Results|
|--------------------|-----------------|-------------|
|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown>|This event is raised when a user presses a physical key.|The handler for <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> receives:<br /><br /> <ul><li>A <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs> parameter, which provides the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.KeyCode%2A> property (which specifies a physical keyboard button).</li><li>The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.Modifiers%2A> property (SHIFT, CTRL, or ALT).</li><li>The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.KeyData%2A> property (which combines the key code and modifier). The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs> parameter also provides:<br /><br /> <ul><li>The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.Handled%2A> property, which can be set to prevent the underlying control from receiving the key.</li><li>The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.SuppressKeyPress%2A> property, which can be used to suppress the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> and <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyUp> events for that keystroke.</li></ul></li></ul>|
|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress>|This event is raised when the key or keys pressed result in a character. For example, a user presses SHIFT and the lowercase "a" keys, which result in a capital letter "A" character.|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> is raised after <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown>.<br /><br /> <ul><li>The handler for <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> receives:</li><li>A <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventArgs> parameter, which contains the character code of the key that was pressed. This character code is unique for every combination of a character key and a modifier key.<br /><br /> For example, the "A" key will generate:<br /><br /> <ul><li>The character code 65, if it is pressed with the SHIFT key</li><li>Or the CAPS LOCK key, 97 if it is pressed by itself,</li><li>And 1, if it is pressed with the CTRL key.</li></ul></li></ul>|
|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyUp>|This event is raised when a user releases a physical key.|The handler for <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyUp> receives:<br /><br /> <ul><li>A <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs> parameter:<br /><br /> <ul><li>Which provides the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.KeyCode%2A> property (which specifies a physical keyboard button).</li><li>The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.Modifiers%2A> property (SHIFT, CTRL, or ALT).</li><li>The <xref:System.Globalization.SortKey.KeyData%2A> property (which combines the key code and modifier).</li></ul></li></ul>|
## See also
- [Overview of using the keyboard (Windows Forms .NET)](overview.md)
- [How to modify keyboard key events (Windows Forms .NET)](how-to-change-key-press.md)
- [How to Check for modifier key presses (Windows Forms .NET)](how-to-check-modifier-key.md)
- [How to simulate keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)](how-to-simulate-events.md)
- [How to handle keyboard input messages in the form (Windows Forms .NET)](how-to-handle-forms.md)
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/how-to-change-key-press.md
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---
title: "Modify keyboard key events"
description: Learn how to intercept a key press and modify which key is pressed on a Windows Forms .NET application.
ms.date: 10/26/2020
dev_langs:
- "csharp"
- "vb"
helpviewer_keywords:
- "keyboard input [Windows Forms], modifying"
- "modifying keyboard input"
- "Windows Forms, modifying keyboard input"
- "keyboards [Windows Forms], keyboard input"
---
# How to modify keyboard key events (Windows Forms .NET)
Windows Forms provides the ability to consume and modify keyboard input. Consuming a key refers to handling a key within a method or event handler so that other methods and events further down the message queue don't receive the key value. And, modifying a key refers to modifying the value of a key so that methods and event handlers further down the message queue receive a different key value. This article shows how to accomplish these tasks.
[!INCLUDE [desktop guide under construction](../../includes/desktop-guide-preview-note.md)]
## Consume a key
In a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event handler, set the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventArgs.Handled%2A> property of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventArgs> class to `true`.
-or-
In a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event handler, set the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.Handled%2A> property of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs> class to `true`.
> [!NOTE]
> Setting the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.Handled%2A> property in the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event handler does not prevent the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> and <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyUp> events from being raised for the current keystroke. Use the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.SuppressKeyPress%2A> property for this purpose.
The following example handles the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event to consume the `A` and `a` character keys. Those keys can't be typed into the text box:
:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/Form1.cs" id="ConsumeKey":::
:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/Form1.vb" id="ConsumeKey":::
## Modify a standard character key
In a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event handler, set the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventArgs.KeyChar%2A> property of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventArgs> class to the value of the new character key.
The following example handles the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event to change any `A` and `a` character keys to `!`:
:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/Form1.cs" id="ModifyKey":::
:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/Form1.vb" id="ModifyKey":::
## Modify a non-character key
You can only modify non-character key presses by inheriting from the control and overriding the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.PreProcessMessage%2A> method. As the input <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Message> is sent to the control, it's processed before the control raising events. You can intercept these messages to modify or block them.
The following code example demonstrates how to use the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Message.WParam%2A> property of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Message> parameter to change the key pressed. This code detects a key from <kbd>F1</kbd> through <kbd>F10</kbd> and translates the key into a numeric key ranging from <kbd>0</kbd> through <kbd>9</kbd> (where <kbd>F10</kbd> maps to <kbd>0</kbd>).
:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/NewTextBox.cs" id="PreProcessMessage":::
:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/NewTextBox.vb" id="PreProcessMessage":::
## See also
- [Overview of using the keyboard (Windows Forms .NET)](overview.md)
- [Using keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)](events.md)
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress>
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---
title: "Check which modifier key is pressed"
description: Learn how to detect when the SHIFT, ALT, or CTRL keys are pressed in Windows Forms for .NET.
ms.date: 10/26/2020
dev_langs:
- "csharp"
- "vb"
helpviewer_keywords:
- "keyboard input"
- "shift keys"
- "events [Windows Forms], mouse"
- "Keys.ControlKey enumeration member"
- "keys [Windows Forms], control keys"
- "user input [Windows Forms], checking for keyboard"
- "keys [Windows Forms], determining last pressed"
- "keys [Windows Forms], shift keys"
- "keys [Windows Forms], modifier keys"
- "control keys"
- "keys [Windows Forms], alt keys"
- "alt keys"
- "Keys.Shift enumeration member"
- "events [Windows Forms], keyboard"
- "keyboards [Windows Forms], keyboard input"
- "Keys.Alt enumeration member"
- "modifier keys"
---
# How to check for modifier key presses (Windows Forms .NET)
As the user types keys into your application, you can monitor for pressed modifier keys such as the <kbd>SHIFT</kbd>, <kbd>ALT</kbd>, and <kbd>CTRL</kbd>. When a modifier key is pressed in combination with other keys or even a mouse click, your application can respond appropriately. For example, pressing the <kbd>S</kbd> key may cause an "s" to appear on the screen. If the keys <kbd>CTRL+S</kbd> are pressed, instead, the current document may be saved.
[!INCLUDE [desktop guide under construction](../../includes/desktop-guide-preview-note.md)]
If you handle the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event, the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.Modifiers?displayProperty=nameWithType> property received by the event handler specifies which modifier keys are pressed. Also, the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs.KeyData?displayProperty=nameWithType> property specifies the character that was pressed along with any modifier keys combined with a bitwise OR.
If you're handling the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event or a mouse event, the event handler doesn't receive this information. Use the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ModifierKeys%2A> property of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control> class to detect a key modifier. In either case, you must perform a bitwise AND of the appropriate <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys> value and the value you're testing. The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys> enumeration offers variations of each modifier key, so it's important that you do the bitwise AND check with the correct value.
For example, the <kbd>SHIFT</kbd> key is represented by the following key values:
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys.Shift?displayProperty=nameWithType>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys.ShiftKey?displayProperty=nameWithType>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys.RShiftKey?displayProperty=nameWithType>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys.LShiftKey?displayProperty=nameWithType>
The correct value to test <kbd>SHIFT</kbd> as a modifier key is <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys.Shift?displayProperty=nameWithType>. Similarly, to test for <kbd>CTRL</kbd> and <kbd>ALT</kbd> as modifiers you should use the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys.Control?displayProperty=nameWithType> and <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys.Alt?displayProperty=nameWithType> values, respectively.
## Detect modifier key
Detect if a modifier key is pressed by comparing the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ModifierKeys%2A> property and the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys> enumeration value with a bitwise AND operator.
The following code example shows how to determine whether the <kbd>SHIFT</kbd> key is pressed within the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> and <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event handlers.
:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/csharp/Form1.cs" id="DetectModifier":::
:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/vb/Form1.vb" id="DetectModifier":::
## See also
- [Overview of using the keyboard (Windows Forms .NET)](overview.md)
- [Using keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)](events.md)
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ModifierKeys>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/how-to-handle-forms.md
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---
title: "Handle keyboard input at the Form level"
description: Learn how to handle keyboard input for your Windows Forms at the form level, before messages reach a control.
ms.date: 10/26/2020
dev_langs:
- "csharp"
- "vb"
helpviewer_keywords:
- "keyboard input [Windows Forms], at form level"
- "Windows Forms, handling keyboard input"
- "keyboards [Windows Forms], form-level input"
---
# How to handle keyboard input messages in the form (Windows Forms .NET)
Windows Forms provides the ability to handle keyboard messages at the form level, before the messages reach a control. This article shows how to accomplish this task.
[!INCLUDE [desktop guide under construction](../../includes/desktop-guide-preview-note.md)]
## Handle a keyboard message
Handle the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> or <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event of the active form and set the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Form.KeyPreview%2A> property of the form to `true`. This property causes the keyboard to be received by the form before they reach any controls on the form. The following code example handles the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event by detecting all of the number keys and consuming <kbd>1</kbd>, <kbd>4</kbd>, and <kbd>7</kbd>.
:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-handle-forms/csharp/Form1.cs" id="HandleKey":::
:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-handle-forms/vb/Form1.vb" id="HandleKey":::
## See also
- [Overview of using the keyboard (Windows Forms .NET)](overview.md)
- [Using keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)](events.md)
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ModifierKeys>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress>
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---
title: "Simulate keyboard events"
description: Learn how to simulate keyboard events in Windows Forms for .NET.
ms.date: 10/26/2020
dev_langs:
- "csharp"
- "vb"
helpviewer_keywords:
- "keyboards [Windows Forms], event simulation"
- "user input [Windows Forms], simulating"
- "SendKeys [Windows Forms], using"
---
# How to simulate keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)
Windows Forms provides a few options for programmatically simulating keyboard input. This article provides an overview of these options.
[!INCLUDE [desktop guide under construction](../../includes/desktop-guide-preview-note.md)]
## Use SendKeys
Windows Forms provides the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys?displayProperty=fullName> class for sending keystrokes to the active application. There are two methods to send keystrokes to an application: <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.Send%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> and <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType>. The difference between the two methods is that `SendWait` blocks the current thread when the keystroke is sent, waiting for a response, while `Send` doesn't. For more information about `SendWait`, see [To send a keystroke to a different application](#to-send-a-keystroke-to-a-different-application).
> [!CAUTION]
> If your application is intended for international use with a variety of keyboards, the use of <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.Send%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> could yield unpredictable results and should be avoided.
Behind the scenes, `SendKeys` uses an older Windows implementation for sending input, which may fail on modern Windows where it's expected that the application isn't running with administrative rights. If the older implementation fails, the code automatically tries the newer Windows implementation for sending input. Additionally, when the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys> class uses the new implementation, the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait%2A> method no longer blocks the current thread when sending keystrokes to another application.
> [!IMPORTANT]
> If your application relies on consistent behavior regardless of the operating system, you can force the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys> class to use the new implementation by adding the following application setting to your app.config file.
>
> ```xml
> <appSettings>
> <add key="SendKeys" value="SendInput"/>
> </appSettings>
> ```
>
> To force the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys> class to _only_ use the previous implementation, use the value `"JournalHook"` instead.
### To send a keystroke to the same application
Call the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.Send%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> or <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> method of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys> class. The specified keystrokes will be received by the active control of the application.
The following code example uses `Send` to simulate pressing the <kbd>ALT</kbd> and <kbd>DOWN</kbd> keys together. These keystrokes cause the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox> control to display its dropdown. This example assumes a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Form> with a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Button> and <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox>.
:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/Form1.cs" id="ShowDropDown":::
:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/Form1.vb" id="ShowDropDown":::
### To send a keystroke to a different application
The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.Send%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> and <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait%2A?displayProperty=nameWithType> methods send keystrokes to the active application, which is usually the application you're sending keystrokes from. To send keystrokes to another application, you first need to activate it. Because there's no managed method to activate another application, you must use native Windows methods to focus the other application. The following code example uses platform invoke to call the `FindWindow` and `SetForegroundWindow` methods to activate the Calculator application window, and then calls `Send` to issue a series of calculations to the Calculator application.
The following code example uses `Send` to simulate pressing keys into the Windows 10 Calculator application. It first searches for an application window with title of `Calculator` and then activates it. Once activated, the keystrokes are sent to calculate 10 plus 10.
:::code language="csharp" source="snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/Form2.cs" id="Calculator":::
:::code language="vb" source="snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/Form2.vb" id="Calculator":::
## Use OnEventName methods
The easiest way to simulate keyboard events is to call a method on the object that raises the event. Most events have a corresponding method that invokes them, named in the pattern of `On` followed by `EventName`, such as `OnKeyPress`. This option is only possible within custom controls or forms, because these methods are protected and can't be accessed from outside the context of the control or form.
These protected methods are available to simulate keyboard events.
- `OnKeyDown`
- `OnKeyPress`
- `OnKeyUp`
For more information about these events, see [Using keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)](events.md).
## See also
- [Overview of using the keyboard (Windows Forms .NET)](overview.md)
- [Using keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)](events.md)
- [Using mouse events (Windows Forms .NET)](../input-mouse/events.md)
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress>
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---
title: "Overview of keyboard input"
description: Learn about how keyboard input works in Windows Forms for .NET. Keyboard events are raised by forms and controls and represent keys that are down, pressed, or up.
ms.date: 10/26/2020
ms.topic: overview
dev_langs:
- "csharp"
- "vb"
helpviewer_keywords:
- "Windows Forms, keyboard input"
- "keyboard [Windows Forms], input"
---
# Overview of using the keyboard (Windows Forms .NET)
In Windows Forms, user input is sent to applications in the form of [Windows messages](https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/win32/winmsg/about-messages-and-message-queues). A series of overridable methods process these messages at the application, form, and control level. When these methods receive keyboard messages, they raise events that can be handled to get information about the keyboard input. In many cases, Windows Forms applications will be able to process all user input simply by handling these events. In other cases, an application may need to override one of the methods that process messages in order to intercept a particular message before it is received by the application, form, or control.
[!INCLUDE [desktop guide under construction](../../includes/desktop-guide-preview-note.md)]
## Keyboard events
All Windows Forms controls inherit a set of events related to mouse and keyboard input. For example, a control can handle the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event to determine the character code of a key that was pressed. For more information, see [Using keyboard events](events.md).
## Methods that process user input messages
Forms and controls have access to the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.IMessageFilter> interface and a set of overridable methods that process Windows messages at different points in the message queue. These methods all have a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Message> parameter, which encapsulates the low-level details of Windows messages. You can implement or override these methods to examine the message and then either consume the message or pass it on to the next consumer in the message queue. The following table presents the methods that process all Windows messages in Windows Forms.
| Method | Notes |
|------------|-----------|
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.IMessageFilter.PreFilterMessage%2A> | This method intercepts queued (also known as posted) Windows messages at the application level.|
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.PreProcessMessage%2A> | This method intercepts Windows messages at the form and control level before they have been processed.|
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc%2A> | This method processes Windows messages at the form and control level.|
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.DefWndProc%2A> | This method performs the default processing of Windows messages at the form and control level. This provides the minimal functionality of a window.|
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.OnNotifyMessage%2A> | This method intercepts messages at the form and control level, after they have been processed. The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ControlStyles.EnableNotifyMessage> style bit must be set for this method to be called.|
Keyboard and mouse messages are also processed by an additional set of overridable methods that are specific to those types of messages. For more information, see the [Preprocessing keys](#preprocessing-keys) section. <!-- TODO mouse link -->.
## Types of keys
Windows Forms identifies keyboard input as virtual-key codes that are represented by the bitwise <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys> enumeration. With the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys> enumeration, you can combine a series of pressed keys to result in a single value. These values correspond to the values that accompany the **WM_KEYDOWN** and **WM_SYSKEYDOWN** Windows messages. You can detect most physical key presses by handling the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> or <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyUp> events. Character keys are a subset of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys> enumeration and correspond to the values that accompany the **WM_CHAR** and **WM_SYSCHAR** Windows messages. If the combination of pressed keys results in a character, you can detect the character by handling the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event. <!-- TODO is this still valid with .NET Core/5 ?? Alternatively, you can use <xref:Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.Keyboard>, exposed by Visual Basic programming interface, to discover which keys were pressed and send keys. For more information, see [Accessing the Keyboard](../../visual-basic/developing-apps/programming/computer-resources/accessing-the-keyboard.md).-->
## Order of keyboard events
As listed previously, there are 3 keyboard related events that can occur on a control. The following sequence shows the general order of the events:
01. The user pushes the "a" key, the key is preprocessed, dispatched, and a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event occurs.
01. The user holds the "a" key, the key is preprocessed, dispatched, and a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event occurs.
This event occurs multiple times as the user holds a key.
01. The user releases the "a" key, the key is preprocessed, dispatched and a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyUp> event occurs.
## Preprocessing keys
Like other messages, keyboard messages are processed in the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc%2A> method of a form or control. However, before keyboard messages are processed, the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.PreProcessMessage%2A> method calls one or more methods that can be overridden to handle special character keys and physical keys. You can override these methods to detect and filter certain keys before the messages are processed by the control. The following table shows the action that is being performed and the related method that occurs, in the order that the method occurs.
### Preprocessing for a KeyDown event
|Action|Related method|Notes|
|------------|--------------------|-----------|
|Check for a command key such as an accelerator or menu shortcut.|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessCmdKey%2A>|This method processes a command key, which takes precedence over regular keys. If this method returns `true`, the key message is not dispatched and a key event does not occur. If it returns `false`, <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.IsInputKey%2A> is called`.`|
|Check for a special key that requires preprocessing or a normal character key that should raise a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event and be dispatched to a control.|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.IsInputKey%2A>|If the method returns `true`, it means the control is a regular character and a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event is raised. If `false`, <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessDialogKey%2A> is called. **Note:** To ensure a control gets a key or combination of keys, you can handle the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.PreviewKeyDown> event and set <xref:System.Windows.Forms.PreviewKeyDownEventArgs.IsInputKey%2A> of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.PreviewKeyDownEventArgs> to `true` for the key or keys you want.|
|Check for a navigation key (ESC, TAB, Return, or arrow keys).|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessDialogKey%2A>|This method processes a physical key that employs special functionality within the control, such as switching focus between the control and its parent. If the immediate control does not handle the key, the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessDialogKey%2A> is called on the parent control and so on to the topmost control in the hierarchy. If this method returns `true`, preprocessing is complete and a key event is not generated. If it returns `false`, a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event occurs.|
### Preprocessing for a KeyPress event
|Action|Related method|Notes|
|------------|--------------------|-----------|
|Check to see the key is a normal character that should be processed by the control|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.IsInputChar%2A>|If the character is a normal character, this method returns `true`, the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event is raised and no further preprocessing occurs. Otherwise <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessDialogChar%2A> will be called.|
|Check to see if the character is a mnemonic (such as &OK on a button)|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessDialogChar%2A>|This method, similar to <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessDialogKey%2A>, will be called up the control hierarchy. If the control is a container control, it checks for mnemonics by calling <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessMnemonic%2A> on itself and its child controls. If <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessDialogChar%2A> returns `true`, a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event does not occur.|
## Processing keyboard messages
After keyboard messages reach the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc%2A> method of a form or control, they are processed by a set of methods that can be overridden. Each of these methods returns a <xref:System.Boolean> value specifying whether the keyboard message has been processed and consumed by the control. If one of the methods returns `true`, then the message is considered handled, and it is not passed to the control's base or parent for further processing. Otherwise, the message stays in the message queue and may be processed in another method in the control's base or parent. The following table presents the methods that process keyboard messages.
|Method|Notes|
|------------|-----------|
|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessKeyMessage%2A>|This method processes all keyboard messages that are received by the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc%2A> method of the control.|
|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessKeyPreview%2A>|This method sends the keyboard message to the control's parent. If <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessKeyPreview%2A> returns `true`, no key event is generated, otherwise <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessKeyEventArgs%2A> is called.|
|<xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessKeyEventArgs%2A>|This method raises the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown>, <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress>, and <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyUp> events, as appropriate.|
## Overriding keyboard methods
There are many methods available for overriding when a keyboard message is preprocessed and processed; however, some methods are much better choices than others. Following table shows tasks you might want to accomplish and the best way to override the keyboard methods. For more information on overriding methods, see [Inheritance (C# Programming Guide)](/dotnet/csharp/programming-guide/classes-and-structs/inheritance.md#abstract-and-virtual-methods) or [Inheritance (Visual Basic)](/dotnet/visual-basic/programming-guide/language-features/objects-and-classes/inheritance-basics.md#overriding-properties-and-methods-in-derived-classes)
|Task|Method|
|----------|------------|
|Intercept a navigation key and raise a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyDown> event. For example you want TAB and Return to be handled in a text box.|Override <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.IsInputKey%2A>. **Note:** Alternatively, you can handle the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.PreviewKeyDown> event and set <xref:System.Windows.Forms.PreviewKeyDownEventArgs.IsInputKey%2A> of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.PreviewKeyDownEventArgs> to `true` for the key or keys you want.|
|Perform special input or navigation handling on a control. For example, you want the use of arrow keys in your list control to change the selected item.|Override <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessDialogKey%2A>|
|Intercept a navigation key and raise a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event. For example in a spin-box control you want multiple arrow key presses to accelerate progression through the items.|Override <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.IsInputChar%2A>.|
|Perform special input or navigation handling during a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.KeyPress> event. For example, in a list control holding down the "r" key skips between items that begin with the letter r.|Override <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessDialogChar%2A>|
|Perform custom mnemonic handling; for example, you want to handle mnemonics on owner-drawn buttons contained in a toolbar.|Override <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.ProcessMnemonic%2A>.|
## See also
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Keys>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc%2A>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.PreProcessMessage%2A>
- [Using keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)](events.md)
- [How to modify keyboard key events (Windows Forms .NET)](how-to-change-key-press.md)
- [How to Check for modifier key presses (Windows Forms .NET)](how-to-check-modifier-key.md)
- [How to simulate keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)](how-to-simulate-events.md)
- [How to handle keyboard input messages in the form (Windows Forms .NET)](how-to-handle-forms.md)
- [Add a control (Windows Forms .NET)](../controls/how-to-add-to-a-form.md)
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/Form1.Designer.cs
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namespace project
{
partial class Form1
{
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.comboBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.textBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.newTextBox1 = new project.NewTextBox();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// button1
//
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 12);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
this.button1.Text = "button1";
this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
//
// comboBox1
//
this.comboBox1.FormattingEnabled = true;
this.comboBox1.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
"item 1",
"item 2",
"item 3",
"item 4"});
this.comboBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(93, 13);
this.comboBox1.Name = "comboBox1";
this.comboBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 23);
this.comboBox1.TabIndex = 1;
//
// textBox1
//
this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 41);
this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 23);
this.textBox1.TabIndex = 2;
this.textBox1.KeyPress += new System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventHandler(this.textBox1_KeyPress);
//
// textBox2
//
this.textBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 70);
this.textBox2.Name = "textBox2";
this.textBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 23);
this.textBox2.TabIndex = 3;
this.textBox2.KeyPress += new System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventHandler(this.textBox2_KeyPress);
//
// newTextBox1
//
this.newTextBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(275, 41);
this.newTextBox1.Name = "newTextBox1";
this.newTextBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 23);
this.newTextBox1.TabIndex = 4;
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(7F, 15F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(800, 450);
this.Controls.Add(this.newTextBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox2);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
this.KeyPress += new System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventHandler(this.textBox2_KeyPress);
this.ResumeLayout(false);
this.PerformLayout();
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox1;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox2;
private NewTextBox newTextBox1;
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/Form1.cs
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
comboBox1.Focus();
SendKeys.Send("%+{DOWN}");
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void Form1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
}
//<ConsumeKey>
private void textBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
if (e.KeyChar == 'a' || e.KeyChar == 'A')
e.Handled = true;
}
//</ConsumeKey>
//<ModifyKey>
private void textBox2_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
if (e.KeyChar == 'a' || e.KeyChar == 'A')
{
e.KeyChar = '!';
e.Handled = false;
}
}
//</ModifyKey>
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/Form1.resx
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/Form2.Designer.cs
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namespace project
{
partial class Form2
{
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.comboBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// button1
//
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 12);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
this.button1.Text = "button1";
this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
//
// comboBox1
//
this.comboBox1.FormattingEnabled = true;
this.comboBox1.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
"item 1",
"item 2",
"item 3",
"item 4"});
this.comboBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(93, 13);
this.comboBox1.Name = "comboBox1";
this.comboBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 23);
this.comboBox1.TabIndex = 1;
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(7F, 15F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(800, 450);
this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
this.ResumeLayout(false);
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox1;
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/Form2.cs
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
public partial class Form2 : Form
{
public Form2()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
//<Calculator>
[DllImport("USER32.DLL", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);
[DllImport("USER32.DLL")]
public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
IntPtr calcWindow = FindWindow(null, "Calculator");
if (SetForegroundWindow(calcWindow))
SendKeys.Send("10{+}10=");
}
//</Calculator>
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/Form2.resx
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/NewTextBox.cs
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
class NewTextBox : TextBox
{
//<PreProcessMessage>
public override bool PreProcessMessage(ref Message m)
{
const int WM_KEYDOWN = 0x100;
if (m.Msg == WM_KEYDOWN)
{
Keys keyCode = (Keys)m.WParam & Keys.KeyCode;
// Detect F1 through F9.
m.WParam = keyCode switch
{
Keys.F1 => (IntPtr)Keys.D1,
Keys.F2 => (IntPtr)Keys.D2,
Keys.F3 => (IntPtr)Keys.D3,
Keys.F4 => (IntPtr)Keys.D4,
Keys.F5 => (IntPtr)Keys.D5,
Keys.F6 => (IntPtr)Keys.D6,
Keys.F7 => (IntPtr)Keys.D7,
Keys.F8 => (IntPtr)Keys.D8,
Keys.F9 => (IntPtr)Keys.D9,
Keys.F10 => (IntPtr)Keys.D0,
_ => m.WParam
};
}
// Send all other messages to the base method.
return base.PreProcessMessage(ref m);
}
//</PreProcessMessage>
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/Program.cs
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
static class Program
{
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode.SystemAware);
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/csharp/project.csproj
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net5.0-windows</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Update="Form2.cs">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
<Compile Update="Form1.cs">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/Form1.Designer.vb
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<Global.Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.DesignerGenerated()>
Partial Class Form1
Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form
'Form overrides dispose to clean up the component list.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCode()>
Protected Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
Try
If disposing AndAlso components IsNot Nothing Then
components.Dispose()
End If
Finally
MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
End Try
End Sub
'Required by the Windows Form Designer
Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer
'NOTE: The following procedure is required by the Windows Form Designer
'It can be modified using the Windows Form Designer.
'Do not modify it using the code editor.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()>
Private Sub InitializeComponent()
Me.Button1 = New System.Windows.Forms.Button()
Me.ComboBox1 = New System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox()
Me.TextBox1 = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox()
Me.TextBox2 = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox()
Me.NewTextBox1 = New projectvb.NewTextBox()
Me.SuspendLayout()
'
'Button1
'
Me.Button1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 11)
Me.Button1.Name = "Button1"
Me.Button1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(75, 23)
Me.Button1.TabIndex = 0
Me.Button1.Text = "Button1"
Me.Button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = True
'
'ComboBox1
'
Me.ComboBox1.FormattingEnabled = True
Me.ComboBox1.Items.AddRange(New Object() {"item 1", "item 2", "item 3", "item 4"})
Me.ComboBox1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(93, 12)
Me.ComboBox1.Name = "ComboBox1"
Me.ComboBox1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(121, 23)
Me.ComboBox1.TabIndex = 1
'
'TextBox1
'
Me.TextBox1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 41)
Me.TextBox1.Name = "TextBox1"
Me.TextBox1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(100, 23)
Me.TextBox1.TabIndex = 2
'
'TextBox2
'
Me.TextBox2.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 70)
Me.TextBox2.Name = "TextBox2"
Me.TextBox2.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(100, 23)
Me.TextBox2.TabIndex = 3
'
'NewTextBox1
'
Me.NewTextBox1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(208, 138)
Me.NewTextBox1.Name = "NewTextBox1"
Me.NewTextBox1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(100, 23)
Me.NewTextBox1.TabIndex = 4
'
'Form1
'
Me.AutoScaleDimensions = New System.Drawing.SizeF(7.0!, 15.0!)
Me.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font
Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(800, 450)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.NewTextBox1)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.TextBox2)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.TextBox1)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.ComboBox1)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.Button1)
Me.Name = "Form1"
Me.Text = " form1 vb"
Me.ResumeLayout(False)
Me.PerformLayout()
End Sub
Friend Button1 As Windows.Forms.Button
Friend ComboBox1 As Windows.Forms.ComboBox
Friend TextBox1 As Windows.Forms.TextBox
Friend TextBox2 As Windows.Forms.TextBox
Friend NewTextBox1 As NewTextBox
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/Form1.resx
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/Form1.vb
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Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Drawing
Partial Public Class Form1
Public Sub New()
InitializeComponent()
AddHandler Button1.Click, AddressOf Button1_Click
AddHandler TextBox1.KeyPress, AddressOf TextBox1_KeyPress
AddHandler TextBox2.KeyPress, AddressOf TextBox2_KeyPress
End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
ComboBox1.Focus()
SendKeys.Send("%+{DOWN}")
End Sub
'<ConsumeKey>
Private Sub TextBox1_KeyPress(sender As Object, e As KeyPressEventArgs)
If e.KeyChar = "a"c Or e.KeyChar = "A"c Then
e.Handled = True
End If
End Sub
'</ConsumeKey>
'<ModifyKey>
Private Sub TextBox2_KeyPress(sender As Object, e As KeyPressEventArgs)
If e.KeyChar = "a"c Or e.KeyChar = "A"c Then
e.KeyChar = "!"c
e.Handled = False
End If
End Sub
'</ModifyKey>
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/Form2.Designer.vb
Generated
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<Global.Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.DesignerGenerated()>
Partial Class Form2
Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form
'Form overrides dispose to clean up the component list.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCode()>
Protected Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
Try
If disposing AndAlso components IsNot Nothing Then
components.Dispose()
End If
Finally
MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
End Try
End Sub
'Required by the Windows Form Designer
Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer
'NOTE: The following procedure is required by the Windows Form Designer
'It can be modified using the Windows Form Designer.
'Do not modify it using the code editor.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()>
Private Sub InitializeComponent()
Me.Button1 = New System.Windows.Forms.Button()
Me.SuspendLayout()
'
'Button1
'
Me.Button1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 11)
Me.Button1.Name = "Button1"
Me.Button1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(75, 23)
Me.Button1.TabIndex = 0
Me.Button1.Text = "Button1"
Me.Button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = True
'
'Form2
'
Me.AutoScaleDimensions = New System.Drawing.SizeF(7.0!, 15.0!)
Me.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font
Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(800, 450)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.Button1)
Me.Name = "Form2"
Me.Text = "Form1 vb"
Me.ResumeLayout(False)
End Sub
Friend Button1 As Windows.Forms.Button
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/Form2.resx
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/Form2.vb
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Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Drawing
Partial Public Class Form2
Public Sub New()
InitializeComponent()
AddHandler Button1.Click, AddressOf Button1_Click
End Sub
'<Calculator>
<Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("USER32.DLL", CharSet:=Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Unicode)>
Public Shared Function FindWindow(lpClassName As String, lpWindowName As String) As IntPtr : End Function
<Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("USER32.DLL")>
Public Shared Function SetForegroundWindow(hWnd As IntPtr) As Boolean : End Function
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
Dim hCalcWindow As IntPtr = FindWindow(Nothing, "Calculator")
If SetForegroundWindow(hCalcWindow) Then
SendKeys.Send("10{+}10=")
End If
End Sub
'</Calculator>
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/My Project/app.manifest
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<assembly manifestVersion="1.0" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0" name="MyApplication.app"/>
<trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2">
<security>
<requestedPrivileges xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<!-- UAC Manifest Options
If you want to change the Windows User Account Control level replace the
requestedExecutionLevel node with one of the following.
<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />
<requestedExecutionLevel level="highestAvailable" uiAccess="false" />
Specifying requestedExecutionLevel element will disable file and registry virtualization.
Remove this element if your application requires this virtualization for backwards
compatibility.
-->
<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
</requestedPrivileges>
</security>
</trustInfo>
<compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
<application>
<!-- A list of the Windows versions that this application has been tested on
and is designed to work with. Uncomment the appropriate elements
and Windows will automatically select the most compatible environment. -->
<!-- Windows Vista -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}" />-->
<!-- Windows 7 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}" />-->
<!-- Windows 8 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{4a2f28e3-53b9-4441-ba9c-d69d4a4a6e38}" />-->
<!-- Windows 8.1 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{1f676c76-80e1-4239-95bb-83d0f6d0da78}" />-->
<!-- Windows 10 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}" />-->
</application>
</compatibility>
<!-- Indicates that the application is DPI-aware and will not be automatically scaled by Windows at higher
DPIs. Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) applications are automatically DPI-aware and do not need
to opt in. Windows Forms applications targeting .NET Framework 4.6 that opt into this setting, should
also set the 'EnableWindowsFormsHighDpiAutoResizing' setting to 'true' in their app.config. -->
<!--
<application xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<windowsSettings>
<dpiAware xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">true</dpiAware>
</windowsSettings>
</application>
-->
<!-- Enable themes for Windows common controls and dialogs (Windows XP and later) -->
<!--
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity
type="win32"
name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls"
version="6.0.0.0"
processorArchitecture="*"
publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df"
language="*"
/>
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
-->
</assembly>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/NewTextBox.vb
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Imports System.Windows.Forms
Public Class NewTextBox
Inherits TextBox
'<PreProcessMessage>
Public Overrides Function PreProcessMessage(ByRef m As Message) As Boolean
Const WM_KEYDOWN = &H100
If m.Msg = WM_KEYDOWN Then
Dim keyCode As Keys = CType(m.WParam, Keys) And Keys.KeyCode
Select Case keyCode
Case Keys.F1 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D1, IntPtr)
Case Keys.F2 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D2, IntPtr)
Case Keys.F3 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D3, IntPtr)
Case Keys.F4 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D4, IntPtr)
Case Keys.F5 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D5, IntPtr)
Case Keys.F6 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D6, IntPtr)
Case Keys.F7 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D7, IntPtr)
Case Keys.F8 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D8, IntPtr)
Case Keys.F9 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D9, IntPtr)
Case Keys.F10 : m.WParam = CType(Keys.D0, IntPtr)
End Select
End If
Return MyBase.PreProcessMessage(m)
End Function
'</PreProcessMessage>
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/Program.vb
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Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Threading.Tasks
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Module Program
Sub Main(args As String())
Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode.SystemAware)
Application.EnableVisualStyles()
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(False)
Application.Run(New Form1())
End Sub
End Module
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-change-key-press/vb/projectvb.vbproj
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net5.0-windows</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
<StartupObject>Sub Main</StartupObject>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Update="Form2.vb">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
<Compile Update="Form1.vb">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/csharp/Form1.Designer.cs
Generated
+74
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namespace project
{
partial class Form1
{
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// button1
//
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 12);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
this.button1.Text = "button1";
this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
//
// textBox1
//
this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 41);
this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 23);
this.textBox1.TabIndex = 2;
this.textBox1.KeyDown += new System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventHandler(this.textBox1_KeyDown);
this.textBox1.KeyPress += new System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventHandler(this.textBox1_KeyPress);
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(7F, 15F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(800, 450);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.ResumeLayout(false);
this.PerformLayout();
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/csharp/Form1.cs
+40
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
//<DetectModifier>
// Event only raised when non-modifier key is pressed
private void textBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
if ((Control.ModifierKeys & Keys.Shift) == Keys.Shift)
MessageBox.Show("KeyPress " + Keys.Shift);
}
// Event raised as soon as shift is pressed
private void textBox1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
if ((Control.ModifierKeys & Keys.Shift) == Keys.Shift)
MessageBox.Show("KeyDown " + Keys.Shift);
}
//</DetectModifier>
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/csharp/Form1.resx
+60
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/csharp/Program.cs
+23
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
static class Program
{
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode.SystemAware);
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/csharp/project.csproj
+15
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@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net5.0-windows</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Update="Form1.cs">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/vb/Form1.Designer.vb
Generated
+61
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<Global.Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.DesignerGenerated()>
Partial Class Form1
Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form
'Form overrides dispose to clean up the component list.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCode()>
Protected Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
Try
If disposing AndAlso components IsNot Nothing Then
components.Dispose()
End If
Finally
MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
End Try
End Sub
'Required by the Windows Form Designer
Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer
'NOTE: The following procedure is required by the Windows Form Designer
'It can be modified using the Windows Form Designer.
'Do not modify it using the code editor.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()>
Private Sub InitializeComponent()
Me.Button1 = New System.Windows.Forms.Button()
Me.TextBox1 = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox()
Me.SuspendLayout()
'
'Button1
'
Me.Button1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 11)
Me.Button1.Name = "Button1"
Me.Button1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(75, 23)
Me.Button1.TabIndex = 0
Me.Button1.Text = "Button1"
Me.Button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = True
'
'TextBox1
'
Me.TextBox1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 40)
Me.TextBox1.Name = "TextBox1"
Me.TextBox1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(100, 23)
Me.TextBox1.TabIndex = 1
'
'Form1
'
Me.AutoScaleDimensions = New System.Drawing.SizeF(7.0!, 15.0!)
Me.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font
Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(800, 450)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.TextBox1)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.Button1)
Me.Name = "Form1"
Me.Text = " form1 vb"
Me.ResumeLayout(False)
Me.PerformLayout()
End Sub
Friend Button1 As Windows.Forms.Button
Friend TextBox1 As Windows.Forms.TextBox
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/vb/Form1.resx
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/vb/Form1.vb
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Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Drawing
Partial Public Class Form1
Public Sub New()
InitializeComponent()
AddHandler Button1.Click, AddressOf Button1_Click
AddHandler TextBox1.KeyPress, AddressOf TextBox1_KeyPress
AddHandler TextBox1.KeyDown, AddressOf TextBox1_KeyDown
End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
End Sub
'<DetectModifier>
' Event only raised when non-modifier key is pressed
Private Sub TextBox1_KeyPress(sender As Object, e As KeyPressEventArgs)
If ((Control.ModifierKeys And Keys.Shift) = Keys.Shift) Then
MessageBox.Show("KeyPress " & [Enum].GetName(GetType(Keys), Keys.Shift))
End If
End Sub
' Event raised as soon as shift is pressed
Private Sub TextBox1_KeyDown(sender As Object, e As KeyEventArgs)
If ((Control.ModifierKeys And Keys.Shift) = Keys.Shift) Then
MessageBox.Show("KeyPress " & [Enum].GetName(GetType(Keys), Keys.Shift))
End If
End Sub
'</DetectModifier>
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/vb/My Project/app.manifest
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<assembly manifestVersion="1.0" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0" name="MyApplication.app"/>
<trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2">
<security>
<requestedPrivileges xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<!-- UAC Manifest Options
If you want to change the Windows User Account Control level replace the
requestedExecutionLevel node with one of the following.
<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />
<requestedExecutionLevel level="highestAvailable" uiAccess="false" />
Specifying requestedExecutionLevel element will disable file and registry virtualization.
Remove this element if your application requires this virtualization for backwards
compatibility.
-->
<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
</requestedPrivileges>
</security>
</trustInfo>
<compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
<application>
<!-- A list of the Windows versions that this application has been tested on
and is designed to work with. Uncomment the appropriate elements
and Windows will automatically select the most compatible environment. -->
<!-- Windows Vista -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}" />-->
<!-- Windows 7 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}" />-->
<!-- Windows 8 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{4a2f28e3-53b9-4441-ba9c-d69d4a4a6e38}" />-->
<!-- Windows 8.1 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{1f676c76-80e1-4239-95bb-83d0f6d0da78}" />-->
<!-- Windows 10 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}" />-->
</application>
</compatibility>
<!-- Indicates that the application is DPI-aware and will not be automatically scaled by Windows at higher
DPIs. Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) applications are automatically DPI-aware and do not need
to opt in. Windows Forms applications targeting .NET Framework 4.6 that opt into this setting, should
also set the 'EnableWindowsFormsHighDpiAutoResizing' setting to 'true' in their app.config. -->
<!--
<application xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<windowsSettings>
<dpiAware xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">true</dpiAware>
</windowsSettings>
</application>
-->
<!-- Enable themes for Windows common controls and dialogs (Windows XP and later) -->
<!--
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity
type="win32"
name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls"
version="6.0.0.0"
processorArchitecture="*"
publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df"
language="*"
/>
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
-->
</assembly>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/vb/Program.vb
+15
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Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Threading.Tasks
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Module Program
Sub Main(args As String())
Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode.SystemAware)
Application.EnableVisualStyles()
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(False)
Application.Run(New Form1())
End Sub
End Module
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-check-modifier-key/vb/projectvb.vbproj
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net5.0-windows</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
<StartupObject>Sub Main</StartupObject>
<ApplicationManifest>My Project\app.manifest</ApplicationManifest>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Update="Form1.vb">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Import Include="Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices" />
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/csharp/Form1.Designer.cs
Generated
+73
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namespace project
{
partial class Form1
{
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// button1
//
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 12);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
this.button1.Text = "button1";
this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
//
// textBox1
//
this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 41);
this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 23);
this.textBox1.TabIndex = 2;
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(7F, 15F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(800, 450);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
this.KeyPreview = true;
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.KeyPress += new System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventHandler(this.Form1_KeyPress);
this.ResumeLayout(false);
this.PerformLayout();
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/csharp/Form1.cs
+54
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
// Event only raised when non-modifier key is pressed
private void textBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
}
// Event raised as soon as shift is pressed
private void textBox1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
}
//<HandleKey>
// Detect all numeric characters at the form level and consume 1,4, and 7.
// Form.KeyPreview must be set to true for this event handler to be called.
void Form1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
if (e.KeyChar >= 48 && e.KeyChar <= 57)
{
MessageBox.Show($"Form.KeyPress: '{e.KeyChar}' pressed.");
switch (e.KeyChar)
{
case (char)49:
case (char)52:
case (char)55:
MessageBox.Show($"Form.KeyPress: '{e.KeyChar}' consumed.");
e.Handled = true;
break;
}
}
}
//</HandleKey>
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/csharp/Form1.resx
+60
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/csharp/Program.cs
+23
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
static class Program
{
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode.SystemAware);
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/csharp/project.csproj
+15
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net5.0-windows</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Update="Form1.cs">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/vb/Form1.Designer.vb
Generated
+62
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<Global.Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.DesignerGenerated()>
Partial Class Form1
Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form
'Form overrides dispose to clean up the component list.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCode()>
Protected Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
Try
If disposing AndAlso components IsNot Nothing Then
components.Dispose()
End If
Finally
MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
End Try
End Sub
'Required by the Windows Form Designer
Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer
'NOTE: The following procedure is required by the Windows Form Designer
'It can be modified using the Windows Form Designer.
'Do not modify it using the code editor.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()>
Private Sub InitializeComponent()
Me.Button1 = New System.Windows.Forms.Button()
Me.TextBox1 = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox()
Me.SuspendLayout()
'
'Button1
'
Me.Button1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 11)
Me.Button1.Name = "Button1"
Me.Button1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(75, 23)
Me.Button1.TabIndex = 0
Me.Button1.Text = "Button1"
Me.Button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = True
'
'TextBox1
'
Me.TextBox1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 40)
Me.TextBox1.Name = "TextBox1"
Me.TextBox1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(100, 23)
Me.TextBox1.TabIndex = 1
'
'Form1
'
Me.AutoScaleDimensions = New System.Drawing.SizeF(7.0!, 15.0!)
Me.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font
Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(800, 450)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.TextBox1)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.Button1)
Me.KeyPreview = True
Me.Name = "Form1"
Me.Text = " form1 vb"
Me.ResumeLayout(False)
Me.PerformLayout()
End Sub
Friend Button1 As Windows.Forms.Button
Friend TextBox1 As Windows.Forms.TextBox
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/vb/Form1.resx
+60
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@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/vb/Form1.vb
+31
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Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Drawing
Partial Public Class Form1
Public Sub New()
InitializeComponent()
AddHandler Me.KeyPress, AddressOf Form1_KeyPress
End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
End Sub
'<HandleKey>
' Detect all numeric characters at the form level and consume 1,4, and 7.
' Form.KeyPreview must be set to true for this event handler to be called.
Private Sub Form1_KeyPress(sender As Object, e As KeyPressEventArgs)
If e.KeyChar >= Chr(48) And e.KeyChar <= Chr(57) Then
MessageBox.Show($"Form.KeyPress: '{e.KeyChar}' pressed.")
Select Case e.KeyChar
Case Chr(49), Chr(52), Chr(55)
MessageBox.Show($"Form.KeyPress: '{e.KeyChar}' consumed.")
e.Handled = True
End Select
End If
End Sub
'</HandleKey>
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/vb/My Project/app.manifest
+76
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<assembly manifestVersion="1.0" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0" name="MyApplication.app"/>
<trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2">
<security>
<requestedPrivileges xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<!-- UAC Manifest Options
If you want to change the Windows User Account Control level replace the
requestedExecutionLevel node with one of the following.
<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />
<requestedExecutionLevel level="highestAvailable" uiAccess="false" />
Specifying requestedExecutionLevel element will disable file and registry virtualization.
Remove this element if your application requires this virtualization for backwards
compatibility.
-->
<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
</requestedPrivileges>
</security>
</trustInfo>
<compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
<application>
<!-- A list of the Windows versions that this application has been tested on
and is designed to work with. Uncomment the appropriate elements
and Windows will automatically select the most compatible environment. -->
<!-- Windows Vista -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}" />-->
<!-- Windows 7 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}" />-->
<!-- Windows 8 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{4a2f28e3-53b9-4441-ba9c-d69d4a4a6e38}" />-->
<!-- Windows 8.1 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{1f676c76-80e1-4239-95bb-83d0f6d0da78}" />-->
<!-- Windows 10 -->
<!--<supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}" />-->
</application>
</compatibility>
<!-- Indicates that the application is DPI-aware and will not be automatically scaled by Windows at higher
DPIs. Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) applications are automatically DPI-aware and do not need
to opt in. Windows Forms applications targeting .NET Framework 4.6 that opt into this setting, should
also set the 'EnableWindowsFormsHighDpiAutoResizing' setting to 'true' in their app.config. -->
<!--
<application xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<windowsSettings>
<dpiAware xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">true</dpiAware>
</windowsSettings>
</application>
-->
<!-- Enable themes for Windows common controls and dialogs (Windows XP and later) -->
<!--
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity
type="win32"
name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls"
version="6.0.0.0"
processorArchitecture="*"
publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df"
language="*"
/>
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
-->
</assembly>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/vb/Program.vb
+15
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Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Threading.Tasks
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Module Program
Sub Main(args As String())
Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode.SystemAware)
Application.EnableVisualStyles()
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(False)
Application.Run(New Form1())
End Sub
End Module
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-handle-forms/vb/projectvb.vbproj
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net5.0-windows</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
<StartupObject>Sub Main</StartupObject>
<ApplicationManifest>My Project\app.manifest</ApplicationManifest>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Update="Form1.vb">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Import Include="Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices" />
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/Form1.Designer.cs
Generated
+78
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@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
namespace project
{
partial class Form1
{
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.comboBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// button1
//
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 12);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
this.button1.Text = "button1";
this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
//
// comboBox1
//
this.comboBox1.FormattingEnabled = true;
this.comboBox1.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
"item 1",
"item 2",
"item 3",
"item 4"});
this.comboBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(93, 13);
this.comboBox1.Name = "comboBox1";
this.comboBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 23);
this.comboBox1.TabIndex = 1;
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(7F, 15F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(800, 450);
this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
this.ResumeLayout(false);
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox1;
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/Form1.cs
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
//<ShowDropDown>
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
comboBox1.Focus();
SendKeys.Send("%+{DOWN}");
}
//</ShowDropDown>
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/Form1.resx
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/Form2.Designer.cs
Generated
+78
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@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
namespace project
{
partial class Form2
{
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.comboBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// button1
//
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 12);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
this.button1.Text = "button1";
this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
//
// comboBox1
//
this.comboBox1.FormattingEnabled = true;
this.comboBox1.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
"item 1",
"item 2",
"item 3",
"item 4"});
this.comboBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(93, 13);
this.comboBox1.Name = "comboBox1";
this.comboBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 23);
this.comboBox1.TabIndex = 1;
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(7F, 15F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(800, 450);
this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
this.ResumeLayout(false);
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox1;
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/Form2.cs
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
public partial class Form2 : Form
{
public Form2()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
//<Calculator>
[DllImport("USER32.DLL", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);
[DllImport("USER32.DLL")]
public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
IntPtr calcWindow = FindWindow(null, "Calculator");
if (SetForegroundWindow(calcWindow))
SendKeys.Send("10{+}10=");
}
//</Calculator>
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/Form2.resx
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/Program.cs
+23
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace project
{
static class Program
{
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode.SystemAware);
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
Application.Run(new Form2());
}
}
}
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/csharp/project.csproj
+18
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net5.0-windows</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Update="Form2.cs">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
<Compile Update="Form1.cs">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/Form1.Designer.vb
Generated
+62
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<Global.Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.DesignerGenerated()> _
Partial Class Form1
Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form
'Form overrides dispose to clean up the component list.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCode()> _
Protected Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
Try
If disposing AndAlso components IsNot Nothing Then
components.Dispose()
End If
Finally
MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
End Try
End Sub
'Required by the Windows Form Designer
Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer
'NOTE: The following procedure is required by the Windows Form Designer
'It can be modified using the Windows Form Designer.
'Do not modify it using the code editor.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()> _
Private Sub InitializeComponent()
Me.Button1 = New System.Windows.Forms.Button()
Me.ComboBox1 = New System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox()
Me.SuspendLayout()
'
'Button1
'
Me.Button1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 11)
Me.Button1.Name = "Button1"
Me.Button1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(75, 23)
Me.Button1.TabIndex = 0
Me.Button1.Text = "Button1"
Me.Button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = True
'
'ComboBox1
'
Me.ComboBox1.FormattingEnabled = True
Me.ComboBox1.Items.AddRange(New Object() {"item 1", "item 2", "item 3", "item 4"})
Me.ComboBox1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(93, 12)
Me.ComboBox1.Name = "ComboBox1"
Me.ComboBox1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(121, 23)
Me.ComboBox1.TabIndex = 1
'
'Form1
'
Me.AutoScaleDimensions = New System.Drawing.SizeF(7.0!, 15.0!)
Me.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font
Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(800, 450)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.ComboBox1)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.Button1)
Me.Name = "Form1"
Me.Text = " form1 vb"
Me.ResumeLayout(False)
End Sub
Friend Button1 As Windows.Forms.Button
Friend ComboBox1 As Windows.Forms.ComboBox
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/Form1.resx
+60
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/Form1.vb
+19
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Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Drawing
Partial Public Class Form1
Public Sub New()
InitializeComponent()
AddHandler Button1.Click, AddressOf Button1_Click
End Sub
'<ShowDropDown>
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
ComboBox1.Focus()
SendKeys.Send("%+{DOWN}")
End Sub
'</ShowDropDown>
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/Form2.Designer.vb
Generated
+50
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
<Global.Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.DesignerGenerated()>
Partial Class Form2
Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form
'Form overrides dispose to clean up the component list.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCode()>
Protected Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
Try
If disposing AndAlso components IsNot Nothing Then
components.Dispose()
End If
Finally
MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
End Try
End Sub
'Required by the Windows Form Designer
Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer
'NOTE: The following procedure is required by the Windows Form Designer
'It can be modified using the Windows Form Designer.
'Do not modify it using the code editor.
<System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()>
Private Sub InitializeComponent()
Me.Button1 = New System.Windows.Forms.Button()
Me.SuspendLayout()
'
'Button1
'
Me.Button1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(12, 11)
Me.Button1.Name = "Button1"
Me.Button1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(75, 23)
Me.Button1.TabIndex = 0
Me.Button1.Text = "Button1"
Me.Button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = True
'
'Form2
'
Me.AutoScaleDimensions = New System.Drawing.SizeF(7.0!, 15.0!)
Me.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font
Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(800, 450)
Me.Controls.Add(Me.Button1)
Me.Name = "Form2"
Me.Text = "Form1 vb"
Me.ResumeLayout(False)
End Sub
Friend Button1 As Windows.Forms.Button
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/Form2.resx
+60
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<root>
<xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
<xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="metadata">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" use="required" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="assembly">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:attribute name="alias" type="xsd:string" />
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="data">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:element name="comment" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="2" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="3" />
<xsd:attribute name="mimetype" type="xsd:string" msdata:Ordinal="4" />
<xsd:attribute ref="xml:space" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="resheader">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="value" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0" msdata:Ordinal="1" />
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:choice>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<resheader name="resmimetype">
<value>text/microsoft-resx</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="version">
<value>2.0</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="reader">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
<resheader name="writer">
<value>System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</value>
</resheader>
</root>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/Form2.vb
+28
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@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Drawing
Partial Public Class Form2
Public Sub New()
InitializeComponent()
AddHandler Button1.Click, AddressOf Button1_Click
End Sub
'<Calculator>
<Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("USER32.DLL", CharSet:=Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Unicode)>
Public Shared Function FindWindow(lpClassName As String, lpWindowName As String) As IntPtr : End Function
<Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("USER32.DLL")>
Public Shared Function SetForegroundWindow(hWnd As IntPtr) As Boolean : End Function
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
Dim hCalcWindow As IntPtr = FindWindow(Nothing, "Calculator")
If SetForegroundWindow(hCalcWindow) Then
SendKeys.Send("10{+}10=")
End If
End Sub
'</Calculator>
End Class
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/Program.vb
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Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Threading.Tasks
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Module Program
Sub Main(args As String())
Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode.SystemAware)
Application.EnableVisualStyles()
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(False)
Application.Run(New Form2())
End Sub
End Module
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/snippets/how-to-simulate-events/vb/projectvb.vbproj
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net5.0-windows</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
<StartupObject>Sub Main</StartupObject>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Update="Form2.vb">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
<Compile Update="Form1.vb">
<SubType>Form</SubType>
</Compile>
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
dotnet-desktop-guide/net/winforms/input-keyboard/validation.md
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---
title: "User input validation"
description: Learn about several ways that you can use Windows Forms to validate user input in your applications.
ms.date: 10/26/2020
ms.topic: overview
helpviewer_keywords:
- "Windows Forms, validating user input"
- "validation [Windows Forms], Windows Forms user input"
- "user input [Windows Forms], validating in Windows Forms"
- "validating user input [Windows Forms], Windows Forms"
---
# Overview of how to validate user input (Windows Forms .NET)
When users enter data into your application, you may want to verify that the data is valid before your application uses it. You may require that certain text fields not be zero-length, that a field formatted as a telephone number, or that a string doesn't contain invalid characters. Windows Forms provides several ways for you to validate input in your application.
[!INCLUDE [desktop guide under construction](../../includes/desktop-guide-preview-note.md)]
## MaskedTextBox Control
If you need to require users to enter data in a well-defined format, such as a telephone number or a part number, you can accomplish this quickly and with minimal code by using the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.MaskedTextBox> control. A *mask* is a string made up of characters from a masking language that specifies which characters can be entered at any given position in the text box. The control displays a set of prompts to the user. If the user types an incorrect entry, for example, the user types a letter when a digit is required, the control will automatically reject the input.
The masking language that is used by <xref:System.Windows.Forms.MaskedTextBox> is flexible. It allows you to specify required characters, optional characters, literal characters, such as hyphens and parentheses, currency characters, and date separators. The control also works well when bound to a data source. The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Binding.Format> event on a data binding can be used to reformat incoming data to comply with the mask, and the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Binding.Parse> event can be used to reformat outgoing data to comply with the specifications of the data field.
<!-- TODO
For more information, see [MaskedTextBox Control](./controls/maskedtextbox-control-windows-forms.md).-->
## Event-driven validation
If you want full programmatic control over validation, or need complex validation checks, you should use the validation events that are built into most Windows Forms controls. Each control that accepts free-form user input has a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating> event that will occur whenever the control requires data validation. In the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating> event-handling method, you can validate user input in several ways. For example, if you have a text box that must contain a postal code, you can do the validation in the following ways:
- If the postal code must belong to a specific group of zip codes, you can do a string comparison on the input to validate the data entered by the user. For example, if the postal code must be in the set `{10001, 10002, 10003}`, then you can use a string comparison to validate the data.
- If the postal code must be in a specific form, you can use regular expressions to validate the data entered by the user. For example, to validate the form `#####` or `#####-####`, you can use the regular expression `^(\d{5})(-\d{4})?$`. To validate the form `A#A #A#`, you can use the regular expression `[A-Z]\d[A-Z] \d[A-Z]\d`. For more information about regular expressions, see [.NET Regular Expressions](/dotnet/standard/base-types/regular-expressions) and [Regular Expression Examples](/dotnet/standard/base-types/regular-expression-example-scanning-for-hrefs).
- If the postal code must be a valid United States Zip code, you could call a Zip code Web service to validate the data entered by the user.
The <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating> event is supplied an object of type <xref:System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs>. If you determine that the control's data isn't valid, cancel the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating> event by setting this object's <xref:System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs.Cancel%2A> property to `true`. If you don't set the <xref:System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs.Cancel%2A> property, Windows Forms will assume that validation succeeded for that control and raise the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validated> event.
For a code example that validates an email address in a <xref:System.Windows.Controls.TextBox>, see the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating> event reference.
### Event-driven validation data-bound controls
Validation is useful when you have bound your controls to a data source, such as a database table. By using validation, you can make sure that your control's data satisfies the format required by the data source, and that it doesn't contain any special characters such as quotation marks and back slashes that might be unsafe.
When you use data binding, the data in your control is synchronized with the data source during execution of the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating> event. If you cancel the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating> event, the data won't be synchronized with the data source.
> [!IMPORTANT]
> If you have custom validation that takes place after the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating> event, it won't affect the data binding. For example, if you have code in a <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validated> event that attempts to cancel the data binding, the data binding will still occur. In this case, to perform validation in the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validated> event, change the control's [`Binding.DataSourceUpdateMode`](xref:System.Windows.Forms.Binding.DataSourceUpdateMode) property from <xref:System.Windows.Forms.DataSourceUpdateMode.OnValidation?displayProperty=nameWithType> to <xref:System.Windows.Forms.DataSourceUpdateMode.Never?displayProperty=nameWithType>, and add `your-control.DataBindings["field-name"].WriteValue()` to your validation code.
## Implicit and explicit validation
So when does a control's data get validated? This is up to you, the developer. You can use either implicit or explicit validation, depending on the needs of your application.
### Implicit validation
The implicit validation approach validates data as the user enters it. Validate the data by reading the keys as they're pressed, or more commonly whenever the user takes the input focus away from the control. This approach is useful when you want to give the user immediate feedback about the data as they're working.
If you want to use implicit validation for a control, you must set that control's <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.AutoValidate%2A> property to <xref:System.Windows.Forms.AutoValidate.EnablePreventFocusChange> or <xref:System.Windows.Forms.AutoValidate.EnableAllowFocusChange>. If you cancel the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating> event, the behavior of the control will be determined by what value you assigned to <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.AutoValidate%2A>. If you assigned <xref:System.Windows.Forms.AutoValidate.EnablePreventFocusChange>, canceling the event will cause the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validated> event not to occur. Input focus will remain on the current control until the user changes the data to a valid format. If you assigned <xref:System.Windows.Forms.AutoValidate.EnableAllowFocusChange>, the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validated> event won't occur when you cancel the event, but focus will still change to the next control.
Assigning <xref:System.Windows.Forms.AutoValidate.Disable> to the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.AutoValidate%2A> property prevents implicit validation altogether. To validate your controls, you'll have to use explicit validation.
### Explicit validation
The explicit validation approach validates data at one time. You can validate the data in response to a user action, such as clicking a **Save** button or a **Next** link. When the user action occurs, you can trigger explicit validation in one of the following ways:
- Call <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.Validate%2A> to validate the last control to have lost focus.
- Call <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.ValidateChildren%2A> to validate all child controls in a form or container control.
- Call a custom method to validate the data in the controls manually.
### Default implicit validation behavior for controls
Different Windows Forms controls have different defaults for their <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.AutoValidate%2A> property. The following table shows the most common controls and their defaults.
| Control | Default Validation Behavior |
|------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl> | <xref:System.Windows.Forms.AutoValidate.Inherit> |
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Form> | <xref:System.Windows.Forms.AutoValidate.EnableAllowFocusChange> |
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.PropertyGrid> | Property not exposed in Visual Studio |
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripContainer> | Property not exposed in Visual Studio |
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.SplitContainer> | <xref:System.Windows.Forms.AutoValidate.Inherit> |
| <xref:System.Windows.Forms.UserControl> | <xref:System.Windows.Forms.AutoValidate.EnableAllowFocusChange> |
## Closing the form and overriding Validation
When a control maintains focus because the data it contains is invalid, it's impossible to close the parent form in one of the usual ways:
- By clicking the **Close** button.
- By selecting the **System** > **Close** menu.
- By calling the <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Form.Close%2A> method programmatically.
However, in some cases, you might want to let the user close the form regardless of whether the values in the controls are valid. You can override validation and close a form that still contains invalid data by creating a handler for the form's <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Form.FormClosing> event. In the event, set the <xref:System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs.Cancel%2A> property to `false`. This forces the form to close. For more information and an example, see <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Form.FormClosing?displayProperty=nameWithType>.
> [!NOTE]
> If you force the form to close in this manner, any data in the form's controls that has not already been saved is lost. In addition, modal forms don't validate the contents of controls when they're closed. You can still use control validation to lock focus to a control, but you don't have to be concerned about the behavior associated with closing the form.
## See also
- [Using keyboard events (Windows Forms .NET)](events.md)
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Control.Validating?displayProperty=nameWithType>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.Form.FormClosing?displayProperty=nameWithType>
- <xref:System.Windows.Forms.FormClosingEventArgs?displayProperty=nameWithType>