Merge pull request #6 from Stone-Red-Code/develop

Develop

src/CuteUtils.Tests/GlobalSuppressions.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// This file is used by Code Analysis to maintain SuppressMessage
+// attributes that are applied to this project.
+// Project-level suppressions either have no target or are given
+// a specific target and scoped to a namespace, type, member, etc.
+
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+
+[assembly: SuppressMessage("Blocker Code Smell", "S2699:Tests should include assertions", Justification = "<Pending>")]

src/CuteUtils.Tests/Misc/SafeRetryTests.cs

@@ -1,222 +0,0 @@
-using CuteUtils.Misc;
-
-namespace CuteUtils.Tests.Misc;
-
-[TestClass]
-public class SafeRetryTests
-{
-    [TestMethod]
-    public async Task RetryAsyncT_SucceedsFirstTry()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        int result = await SafeRetry.RetryAsync(async () =>
-        {
-            callCount++;
-            await Task.Delay(10);
-            return 42;
-        });
-        Assert.AreEqual(1, callCount);
-        Assert.AreEqual(42, result);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public async Task RetryAsyncT_RetriesAndSucceeds()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        int result = await SafeRetry.RetryAsync(async () =>
-        {
-            callCount++;
-            if (callCount < 3)
-            {
-                throw new InvalidOperationException();
-            }
-
-            await Task.Delay(10);
-            return 99;
-        }, maxRetries: 5, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
-        Assert.AreEqual(3, callCount);
-        Assert.AreEqual(99, result);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public async Task RetryAsyncT_ThrowsAfterMaxRetries()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExceptionAsync<InvalidOperationException>(async () =>
-        {
-            _ = await SafeRetry.RetryAsync<int>(() =>
-            {
-                callCount++;
-                throw new InvalidOperationException("fail");
-            }, maxRetries: 2, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
-        });
-        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public async Task RetryAsync_SucceedsFirstTry()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        await SafeRetry.RetryAsync(async () =>
-        {
-            callCount++;
-            await Task.Delay(10);
-        });
-        Assert.AreEqual(1, callCount);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public async Task RetryAsync_RetriesAndSucceeds()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        await SafeRetry.RetryAsync(async () =>
-        {
-            callCount++;
-            if (callCount < 2)
-            {
-                throw new Exception();
-            }
-
-            await Task.Delay(10);
-        }, maxRetries: 3, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
-        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public async Task RetryAsync_ThrowsAfterMaxRetries()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExceptionAsync<InvalidOperationException>(async () =>
-        {
-            await SafeRetry.RetryAsync(() =>
-            {
-                callCount++;
-                throw new Exception();
-            }, maxRetries: 2, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
-        });
-        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public void RetryT_SucceedsFirstTry()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        int result = SafeRetry.Retry(() =>
-        {
-            callCount++;
-            return 7;
-        });
-        Assert.AreEqual(1, callCount);
-        Assert.AreEqual(7, result);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public void RetryT_RetriesAndSucceeds()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        int result = SafeRetry.Retry(() =>
-        {
-            callCount++;
-            if (callCount < 4)
-            {
-                throw new Exception();
-            }
-
-            return 123;
-        }, maxRetries: 5, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
-        Assert.AreEqual(4, callCount);
-        Assert.AreEqual(123, result);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public void RetryT_ThrowsAfterMaxRetries()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        _ = Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
-        {
-            _ = SafeRetry.Retry<int>(() =>
-            {
-                callCount++;
-                throw new Exception();
-            }, maxRetries: 3, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
-        });
-        Assert.AreEqual(3, callCount);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public void Retry_SucceedsFirstTry()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        SafeRetry.Retry(() =>
-        {
-            callCount++;
-        });
-        Assert.AreEqual(1, callCount);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public void Retry_RetriesAndSucceeds()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        SafeRetry.Retry(() =>
-        {
-            callCount++;
-            if (callCount < 2)
-            {
-                throw new Exception();
-            }
-        }, maxRetries: 3, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
-        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public void Retry_ThrowsAfterMaxRetries()
-    {
-        int callCount = 0;
-        _ = Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
-        {
-            SafeRetry.Retry(() =>
-            {
-                callCount++;
-                throw new Exception();
-            }, maxRetries: 2, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
-        });
-        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public async Task RetryAsyncT_ThrowsArgumentNullException()
-    {
-        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExceptionAsync<ArgumentNullException>(async () =>
-        {
-            _ = await SafeRetry.RetryAsync<int>(null!);
-        });
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public async Task RetryAsync_ThrowsArgumentNullException()
-    {
-        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExceptionAsync<ArgumentNullException>(async () =>
-        {
-            await SafeRetry.RetryAsync(null!);
-        });
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public void RetryT_ThrowsArgumentNullException()
-    {
-        _ = Assert.ThrowsException<ArgumentNullException>(() =>
-        {
-            _ = SafeRetry.Retry<int>(null!);
-        });
-    }
-
-    [TestMethod]
-    public void Retry_ThrowsArgumentNullException()
-    {
-        _ = Assert.ThrowsException<ArgumentNullException>(() =>
-        {
-            SafeRetry.Retry(null!);
-        });
-    }
-}

src/CuteUtils.Tests/Misc/TryTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+using CuteUtils.Misc;
+
+namespace CuteUtils.Tests.Misc;
+
+[TestClass]
+public class TryTests
+{
+    [TestMethod]
+    public async Task RetryAsyncT_SucceedsFirstTry()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        int result = await Try.RetryAsync(async () =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            await Task.Delay(10);
+            return 42;
+        });
+        Assert.AreEqual(1, callCount);
+        Assert.AreEqual(42, result);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public async Task RetryAsyncT_RetriesAndSucceeds()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        int result = await Try.RetryAsync(async () =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            if (callCount < 3)
+            {
+                throw new InvalidOperationException();
+            }
+
+            await Task.Delay(10);
+            return 99;
+        }, maxRetries: 5, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
+        Assert.AreEqual(3, callCount);
+        Assert.AreEqual(99, result);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public async Task RetryAsyncT_ThrowsAfterMaxRetries()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExactlyAsync<InvalidOperationException>(async () =>
+        {
+            _ = await Try.RetryAsync<int>(() =>
+            {
+                callCount++;
+                throw new InvalidOperationException("fail");
+            }, maxRetries: 2, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
+        });
+        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public async Task RetryAsync_SucceedsFirstTry()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        await Try.RetryAsync(async () =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            await Task.Delay(10);
+        });
+        Assert.AreEqual(1, callCount);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public async Task RetryAsync_RetriesAndSucceeds()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        await Try.RetryAsync(async () =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            if (callCount < 2)
+            {
+                throw new Exception();
+            }
+
+            await Task.Delay(10);
+        }, maxRetries: 3, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
+        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public async Task RetryAsync_ThrowsAfterMaxRetries()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExactlyAsync<InvalidOperationException>(async () =>
+        {
+            await Try.RetryAsync(() =>
+            {
+                callCount++;
+                throw new Exception();
+            }, maxRetries: 2, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
+        });
+        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public void RetryT_SucceedsFirstTry()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        int result = Try.Retry(() =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            return 7;
+        });
+        Assert.AreEqual(1, callCount);
+        Assert.AreEqual(7, result);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public void RetryT_RetriesAndSucceeds()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        int result = Try.Retry(() =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            if (callCount < 4)
+            {
+                throw new Exception();
+            }
+
+            return 123;
+        }, maxRetries: 5, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
+        Assert.AreEqual(4, callCount);
+        Assert.AreEqual(123, result);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public void RetryT_ThrowsAfterMaxRetries()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        _ = Assert.ThrowsExactly<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
+        {
+            _ = Try.Retry<int>(() =>
+            {
+                callCount++;
+                throw new Exception();
+            }, maxRetries: 3, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
+        });
+        Assert.AreEqual(3, callCount);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public void Retry_SucceedsFirstTry()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        Try.Retry(() =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+        });
+        Assert.AreEqual(1, callCount);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public void Retry_RetriesAndSucceeds()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        Try.Retry(() =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            if (callCount < 2)
+            {
+                throw new Exception();
+            }
+        }, maxRetries: 3, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
+        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public void Retry_ThrowsAfterMaxRetries()
+    {
+        int callCount = 0;
+        _ = Assert.ThrowsExactly<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
+        {
+            Try.Retry(() =>
+            {
+                callCount++;
+                throw new Exception();
+            }, maxRetries: 2, delay: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1));
+        });
+        Assert.AreEqual(2, callCount);
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public async Task RetryAsyncT_ThrowsArgumentNullException()
+    {
+        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExactlyAsync<ArgumentNullException>(async () =>
+        {
+            _ = await Try.RetryAsync<int>(null!);
+        });
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public async Task RetryAsync_ThrowsArgumentNullException()
+    {
+        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExactlyAsync<ArgumentNullException>(async () =>
+        {
+            await Try.RetryAsync(null!);
+        });
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public void RetryT_ThrowsArgumentNullException()
+    {
+        _ = Assert.ThrowsExactly<ArgumentNullException>(() =>
+        {
+            _ = Try.Retry<int>(null!);
+        });
+    }
+
+    [TestMethod]
+    public void Retry_ThrowsArgumentNullException()
+    {
+        _ = Assert.ThrowsExactly<ArgumentNullException>(() =>
+        {
+            Try.Retry(null!);
+        });
+    }
+
+    [TestClass]
+    public class TryCatchTests
+    {
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Catch_Action_NoException()
+        {
+            bool executed = false;
+
+            _ = Try.Catch(() => executed = true);
+
+            Assert.IsTrue(executed);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Catch_Action_ExceptionHandled()
+        {
+            Try.Catch(() => throw new InvalidOperationException());
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Catch_Action_OutParam_ExceptionHandled()
+        {
+            Try.Catch(() => throw new InvalidOperationException(), out Exception? exception);
+
+            Assert.IsNotNull(exception);
+            Assert.IsInstanceOfType(exception, typeof(InvalidOperationException));
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Catch_TFunc_NoException()
+        {
+            int result = Try.Catch(() => 42)!;
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(42, result);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Catch_TFunc_ExceptionHandled_ReturnsDefault()
+        {
+            int? result = Try.Catch<int>(() => throw new InvalidOperationException());
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(default(int), result);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Catch_TFunc_OutParam_ExceptionHandled()
+        {
+            int? result = Try.Catch<int?>(() => throw new InvalidOperationException(), out Exception? exception);
+
+            Assert.IsNull(result);
+            Assert.IsNotNull(exception);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public async Task CatchAsync_Delegate_NoException()
+        {
+            bool executed = false;
+
+            await Try.CatchAsync(async () =>
+            {
+                executed = true;
+                await Task.Delay(10);
+            });
+
+            Assert.IsTrue(executed);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public async Task CatchAsync_Delegate_ExceptionHandled()
+        {
+            await Try.CatchAsync(async () =>
+            {
+                await Task.Delay(10);
+                throw new InvalidOperationException();
+            });
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public async Task CatchAsync_TFunc_NoException()
+        {
+            int result = await Try.CatchAsync(async () =>
+            {
+                await Task.Delay(10);
+                return 99;
+            });
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(99, result);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public async Task CatchAsync_TFunc_ExceptionHandled_ReturnsDefault()
+        {
+            int result = await Try.CatchAsync<int>(async () =>
+            {
+                await Task.Delay(10);
+                throw new InvalidOperationException();
+            });
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(default, result);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public async Task CatchAsync_Task_NoException()
+        {
+            await Try.CatchAsync(Task.Delay(10));
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public async Task CatchAsync_Task_ExceptionHandled()
+        {
+            await Try.CatchAsync(Task.Run(() => throw new InvalidOperationException()));
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public async Task CatchAsync_TaskT_NoException()
+        {
+            string? result = await Try.CatchAsync(Task.FromResult("Hello"));
+
+            Assert.AreEqual("Hello", result);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public async Task CatchAsync_TaskT_ExceptionHandled_ReturnsDefault()
+        {
+            string? result = await Try.CatchAsync<string>(Task.Run<string>(() => ""[0].ToString()));
+
+            Assert.IsNull(result);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/CuteUtils.Tests/Misc/WaitTests.cs

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ public class WaitTests
     public async Task UntilAsync_ConditionMet_CompletesSuccessfully()
     {
         bool flag = false;
-        _ = Task.Run(() =>
+        _ = Task.Run(async () =>
         {
-            Thread.Sleep(200);
+            await Task.Delay(200);
             flag = true;
         });
         await Wait.UntilAsync(() => flag, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(50), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
@@ -19,19 +19,21 @@ public class WaitTests
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
-    [ExpectedException(typeof(TimeoutException))]
     public async Task UntilAsync_ConditionNotMet_ThrowsTimeoutException()
     {
-        await Wait.UntilAsync(() => false, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(50), TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExactlyAsync<TimeoutException>(async () =>
+        {
+            await Wait.UntilAsync(() => false, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(50), TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        });
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
     public void Until_ConditionMet_CompletesSuccessfully()
     {
         bool flag = false;
-        _ = Task.Run(() =>
+        _ = Task.Run(async () =>
         {
-            Thread.Sleep(200);
+            await Task.Delay(200);
             flag = true;
         });
         Wait.Until(() => flag, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(50), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
@@ -39,10 +41,12 @@ public class WaitTests
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
-    [ExpectedException(typeof(TimeoutException))]
     public void Until_ConditionNotMet_ThrowsTimeoutException()
     {
-        Wait.Until(() => false, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(50), TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        _ = Assert.ThrowsExactly<TimeoutException>(() =>
+        {
+            Wait.Until(() => false, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(50), TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        });
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
@@ -50,9 +54,9 @@ public class WaitTests
     {
         void subscribe(Action handler)
         {
-            _ = Task.Run(() =>
+            _ = Task.Run(async () =>
             {
-                Thread.Sleep(200);
+                await Task.Delay(200);
                 handler();
             });
         }
@@ -60,11 +64,16 @@ public class WaitTests
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
-    [ExpectedException(typeof(TimeoutException))]
     public async Task WaitForEventAsync_EventNotRaised_ThrowsTimeoutException()
     {
-        void subscribe(Action handler) { }
+        void subscribe(Action handler)
-        await Wait.WaitForEventAsync(subscribe, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        {
+            // Intentionally left empty for negative test case (event never raised)
+        }
+        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExactlyAsync<TimeoutException>(async () =>
+        {
+            await Wait.WaitForEventAsync(subscribe, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        });
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
@@ -72,9 +81,9 @@ public class WaitTests
     {
         void subscribe(Action<int> handler)
         {
-            _ = Task.Run(() =>
+            _ = Task.Run(async () =>
             {
-                Thread.Sleep(200);
+                await Task.Delay(200);
                 handler(42);
             });
         }
@@ -83,11 +92,16 @@ public class WaitTests
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
-    [ExpectedException(typeof(TimeoutException))]
     public async Task WaitForEventAsyncT_EventNotRaised_ThrowsTimeoutException()
     {
-        void subscribe(Action<int> handler) { }
+        void subscribe(Action<int> handler)
-        _ = await Wait.WaitForEventAsync((Action<Action<int>>)subscribe, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        {
+            // Intentionally left empty for negative test case (event never raised)
+        }
+        _ = await Assert.ThrowsExactlyAsync<TimeoutException>(async () =>
+        {
+            _ = await Wait.WaitForEventAsync((Action<Action<int>>)subscribe, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        });
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
@@ -95,9 +109,9 @@ public class WaitTests
     {
         void subscribe(Action handler)
         {
-            _ = Task.Run(() =>
+            _ = Task.Run(async () =>
             {
-                Thread.Sleep(200);
+                await Task.Delay(200);
                 handler();
             });
         }
@@ -105,11 +119,16 @@ public class WaitTests
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
-    [ExpectedException(typeof(TimeoutException))]
     public void WaitForEvent_EventNotRaised_ThrowsTimeoutException()
     {
-        void subscribe(Action handler) { }
+        void subscribe(Action handler)
-        Wait.WaitForEvent(subscribe, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        {
+            // Intentionally left empty for negative test case (event never raised)
+        }
+        _ = Assert.ThrowsExactly<TimeoutException>(() =>
+        {
+            Wait.WaitForEvent(subscribe, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        });
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
@@ -117,9 +136,9 @@ public class WaitTests
     {
         void subscribe(Action<string> handler)
         {
-            _ = Task.Run(() =>
+            _ = Task.Run(async () =>
             {
-                Thread.Sleep(200);
+                await Task.Delay(200);
                 handler("hello");
             });
         }
@@ -128,10 +147,15 @@ public class WaitTests
     }
 
     [TestMethod]
-    [ExpectedException(typeof(TimeoutException))]
     public void WaitForEventT_EventNotRaised_ThrowsTimeoutException()
     {
-        void subscribe(Action<string> handler) { }
+        void subscribe(Action<string> handler)
-        _ = Wait.WaitForEvent((Action<Action<string>>)subscribe, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        {
+            // Intentionally left empty for negative test case (event never raised)
+        }
+        _ = Assert.ThrowsExactly<TimeoutException>(() =>
+        {
+            _ = Wait.WaitForEvent((Action<Action<string>>)subscribe, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200));
+        });
     }
 }

src/CuteUtils/CuteUtils.csproj

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
     -->
     <PropertyGroup>
         <UserTempFolder>$([System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath())</UserTempFolder>
-        <Version>1.1.0.0</Version>
+        <Version>1.1.1.0</Version>
         <Description>A "cute" utility library for C#</Description>
         <RepositoryUrl>https://github.com/Stone-Red-Code/CuteUtils</RepositoryUrl>
         <PackageTags>Utility, Helper</PackageTags>

src/CuteUtils/Misc/Try.cs

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
-namespace CuteUtils.Misc;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+
+namespace CuteUtils.Misc;
 
 /// <summary>
 /// Provides methods for safely retrying actions and functions with optional delay and retry count.
 /// </summary>
-public static class SafeRetry
+public static class Try
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Retries an asynchronous function returning a value, up to a specified number of times, with an optional delay between attempts.
@@ -127,4 +129,155 @@ public static class SafeRetry
         }
         throw new InvalidOperationException($"Failed after {maxRetries} attempts.", lastException);
     }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Executes a synchronous action and catches any exception, writing it to the debug output.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="action">The action to execute.</param>
+    public static void Catch(Action action)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            action();
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Debug.WriteLine(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Executes a synchronous action and catches any exception, writing it to the debug output and returning it via an out parameter.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="action">The action to execute.</param>
+    /// <param name="exception">When this method returns, contains the exception that was thrown, or null if no exception was thrown.</param>
+    public static void Catch(Action action, out Exception? exception)
+    {
+        exception = null;
+        try
+        {
+            action();
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Debug.WriteLine(ex);
+            exception = ex;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Executes a synchronous function and catches any exception, writing it to the debug output. Returns the default value if an exception occurs.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The return type of the function.</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="action">The function to execute.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of the function, or the default value of <typeparamref name="T"/> if an exception occurs.</returns>
+    public static T? Catch<T>(Func<T> action)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            return action();
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Debug.WriteLine(ex);
+            return default;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Executes a synchronous function and catches any exception, writing it to the debug output and returning the exception via an out parameter.
+    /// Returns the default value if an exception occurs.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The return type of the function.</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="action">The function to execute.</param>
+    /// <param name="exception">When this method returns, contains the exception that was thrown, or null if no exception was thrown.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of the function, or the default value of <typeparamref name="T"/> if an exception occurs.</returns>
+    public static T? Catch<T>(Func<T> action, out Exception? exception)
+    {
+        exception = null;
+        try
+        {
+            return action();
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Debug.WriteLine(ex);
+            exception = ex;
+            return default;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Executes an asynchronous action and catches any exception, writing it to the debug output.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="action">The asynchronous action to execute.</param>
+    /// <returns>A task that represents the asynchronous operation.</returns>
+    public static async Task CatchAsync(Func<Task> action)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            await action();
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Debug.WriteLine(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Executes an asynchronous function and catches any exception, writing it to the debug output.
+    /// Returns the default value if an exception occurs.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The return type of the function.</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="action">The asynchronous function to execute.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of the function, or the default value of <typeparamref name="T"/> if an exception occurs.</returns>
+    public static async Task<T?> CatchAsync<T>(Func<Task<T>> action)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            return await action();
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Debug.WriteLine(ex);
+            return default;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Waits for an asynchronous task to complete and catches any exception, writing it to the debug output.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="task">The task to await.</param>
+    /// <returns>A task that represents the asynchronous operation.</returns>
+    public static async Task CatchAsync(Task task)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            await task;
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Debug.WriteLine(ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Waits for an asynchronous task that returns a result and catches any exception, writing it to the debug output.
+    /// Returns the default value if an exception occurs.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The return type of the task.</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="task">The task to await.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of the task, or the default value of <typeparamref name="T"/> if an exception occurs.</returns>
+    public static async Task<T?> CatchAsync<T>(Task<T> task)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            return await task;
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Debug.WriteLine(ex);
+            return default;
+        }
+    }
 }